Xuanzong, Daoguang Emperor in Qing Dynasty, commonly known as Aisingiorro Yongning (1September 78216-1February 25, 850), was the sixth emperor after entering the customs. The second son of Emperor Renzong of the Qing Dynasty (Emperor Jiaqing) was born to Xitala, the empress of Xiao Shurui. In 3 1 year (1820- 1850), Daoguang died in Yuanmingyuan in the 31st year, at the age of 67. Important events: Humen destroyed opium, and published Chuanbi Cao Yue and treaty of nanking. Birth: Forty-seven years of Qianlong (1782), 10th day of August, Zodiac: year of dog death: thirty years of Daoguang (1850), year of death: 69, posthumous title: Poulnot. Cheng: Mausoleum of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty: Mu Ling (Qing Xiling Mausoleum), father: gala (daughter of Niu Zhilu, Queen of Jiaqing), nine sons, 10 Heiress: Yi Kuang (Xianfeng) was the most proud: Lin Qing Incident was the most frustrated in shooting and killing the enemy; Opium War was the most unfortunate in failure; mother's early death was the most sad; signing treaty of nanking was the most sad. The eighth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, who reigned for 1820- 1850, was in the decline of the Qing Dynasty. He made some efforts to save the decline of Qing dynasty, such as rectifying bureaucracy, standardizing salt administration, shipping, pacifying Zhang Geer rebellion and banning opium, which played a positive role. He is diligent in government affairs, but as an emperor, his qualifications are not high, and his social ills are hard to return. During the reign of Daoguang, the Qing Dynasty declined further, and the gap with the West became wider and wider. 1842, the Opium War in Qing Dynasty failed, and treaty of nanking was signed, which humiliated the country. Ten years later, Daoguang indulged himself and muddled along without learning from the west to revitalize the dynasty. In the thirty years of Daoguang (1850), he collapsed in Yuanmingyuan in the first month at the age of 69. Temple name Xuanzong, posthumous title "filial piety Tian Fu Li Yunzhong arrived in Wu Wensheng bravely, benevolence, thrift and filial piety as emperor", was buried in the Qing tomb. Aisingiorro Mi Anning (1782 1850) was the second son of Emperor Jiaqing and Daoguang of Xuanzong in Qing Dynasty. Because his eldest son died young, he is actually the eldest son. Mianning is young and studious, and occasionally learns martial arts. /kloc-When he was 0/0 years old, he followed his grandfather Ganlong to hunt deer. Qianlong was overjoyed and gave a yellow coat and a Henaan. In the eighteenth year of Jiaqing, Tianjin people invaded the Forbidden City, and he killed two "thieves" with a shotgun. Emperor Jiaqing was very happy and named him "Prince of Wisdom". His imperial gun number also gave him a title called "Weilie", and Emperor Jiaqing praised him as "both loyal and filial". In the twenty-fifth year of Jiaqing, Emperor Jiaqing died, and Mianning succeeded to the throne as emperor, renamed as "Yongning", with the title Daoguang. In the Qing Dynasty, Daoguang was poor, opium was rampant, officials were depressed, and peace was stolen. The bad rules of extortion in counties and counties have reached the point where legislation cannot ban them, and the combat effectiveness of the army has been weakened. Britain and other powerful countries are eager to expand the China market. Daoguang Emperor, like emperors of past dynasties, cares about river regulation, exempting money and grain, relieving victims and dredging rivers. Daoguang himself lived a simple life. He didn't have the habit of spending money lavishly in the past, such as Jehol's summer vacation, Mulan's begging for immortals, and emperors and princes. However, Emperor Daoguang did nothing, did not understand the gap between China and the western colonial countries, and still pursued the policy of closing the country to the outside world, which did not give heavy medicine to the serious problems of the dynasty. Finally, Zaifu became a fatuous minister. In the early stage, Cao Zhenyong was "abiding by laws and regulations", and in the later stage, he was the capitulator Zhang Mu. In the Qing Dynasty, Cao Zhenyong and Alechuan wrote On Yue: "If you succeed in the world, you will rule the world, shake the evils, not enforce the law, and perform your duties ..... Xuanzong began to govern by Cao Zhenyong's competitive grammar; And Zhang Mu took this as a handle, and the war lingered and became a foreign enemy invasion. " Daoguang emperor also made some reforms, first of all, shipping food. In the past, from the two rivers (Jiangxi and Jiangnan provinces. Jiangnan province (including Jiangsu and Anhui), Huguang and other places (transportation in Shi Jing and Tongzhou in local taxes) are all transported from the Grand Canal to their destinations, and grain transport officials often use their positions to enrich themselves. In addition, the canal is often blocked by floods and the freight is high. He Ying, Minister of Interior, suggested that shipping is convenient. Shipping used to go from Yuan Dynasty to Yongle in Ming Dynasty. Daoguang Emperor gave this suggestion to the provinces with grain for discussion. Qishan, Governor of Liangjiang River, and Tao Shu, Governor of Anhui Province, demanded that all the millet in Suzhou, Zhenjiang and Taicang be shipped by sea. Daoguang Emperor immediately accepted their suggestion, and He Changling, the envoy of Jiangsu Province, went to Haikou to rent a merchant ship with local officials and shipped it away twice. Anhui, Jiangxi and Huguang are far from Haikou, and they still rely on river transportation. In order to put an end to the demands of brokers, unreasonable detention and difficulties, Daoguang Emperor also ordered the establishment of a General Administration of Shipping in Shanghai, which was accepted by Zhang Mu Ahe, a senior minister of Lifan Institute, in Tianjin. In the spring and summer of six years, the first shipment of grain was successful, with 900 ships transporting grain10.6 million stone. This mode of transportation only lasted until the 26th year of Guangxu. "In the twenty-seventh year, due to lack of financial resources, it was announced that all river and sea traffic in the province would be changed from this year." The so-called color folding is to levy silver yarn and silk with grain folding. The second is to change the steel salt method into the ticket salt method. The salt policy of the Qing Dynasty has always followed the salt law of the Ming Dynasty. In this way, fixed salt merchants sell salt with salt, and salt introduction is completely monopolized by salt merchants. Salt merchants monopolize the salt industry, but also maintain a huge salt sales organization, which leads to rising salt prices and difficult sales. Illegal salt that fails to pay taxes according to regulations is rampant, salt is unsalable, salt tax is reduced, salt merchants are hit, and rigid salt law is difficult to exist. Bao put forward the idea of allowing private dealers to sell by ticket instead of by outline. Daoguang Emperor supported Tao Shu to carry out the system that all taxpayers can get tickets to transport and sell salt in eleven years, which broke the monopoly of salt transportation and sales, reduced the price of salt, promoted the sales of salt, increased the salt tax and deprived officials of the way to use salt policy for personal gain. The third is to break the mine closure policy since the mid-Qianlong period and allow mineral exploitation. In the middle of Qianlong period, Emperor Qianlong was afraid of mining and made trouble, so he adopted the policy of closing mines. In the last years of Daoguang, Daoguang put forward the policy of allowing people to exploit freely, which played a positive role in developing resources and improving people's lives. Daoguang emperor also took action to rectify official management. During the jiadao period, officials were corrupt in ways other than grain transportation and salt administration, as well as river defense. In order to block this road, in the twenty-fourth year of Daoguang, Daoguang Emperor demanded that the past officials and students from Gong Sheng and Guo Jian be prohibited from using the river engineering fees. In April this year, he also punished a group of corrupt river officials. Daoguang Emperor, like Jiaqing Emperor, is a conformist emperor, but Daoguang Emperor is more reformist than Jiaqing Emperor after all. Here's a little example. In Kangxi Dictionary, the flatterer said that there was nothing wrong, until Qianlong Xihou pointed out some of them in Zi Guan, but he was severely sentenced to prison. Jiaqing used to protect and cover up. In the seventh year of Daoguang, he broke through the traditional concept and ordered Wang to collate twenty volumes of dictionaries to correct his mistakes. There are several anecdotes about the simple life of Emperor Daoguang in the Grand View of unofficial history in Qing Dynasty. After Daoguang acceded to the throne, the imperial palace gave him 40 square inkstones as usual, and the word "Daoguang Yu" was engraved on the back of the inkstone. Daoguang emperor felt it was a pity that there were too many, so he gave them to his liegeman. In the past, emperors used to use pens to send the hardest purple hair. The penholder is engraved with the words "Zhang Tian" and "Han Yun". Daoguang Emperor felt that it was not suitable for use, so he asked the Minister of Housing and the British Association to buy two kinds of pure wool quilts and double the two brushes, which are commonly used in the market. The trousers worn by Daoguang were torn at the knees, which made people mend a round silk on their trousers. This is what is commonly called high five. Servants imitate him. Once, he saw that Cao Zhenyong, the minister of military affairs, had patches on his pants knees and asked, "Do you pat pants, too?" Cao Zhenyong replied: "Pants are easy to make, but they cost a lot of money, so they need to be patched." Daoguang imperial pen Gong Jian Wei De Daoguang Emperor asked again: "How much is it to pat pants?" "Three taels of silver," said Cao Cao. Daoguang Emperor said, "It's cheap for you to make things outside the palace. I want five taels in the palace."