(1) About the name of the file. As the community service station for the elderly is a new thing, the construction, management and operation of the community service station for the elderly have no ready-made experience and are still in the stage of exploration and innovation. Therefore, we decided this standard as a trial. The main purpose is to summarize the experience and practices in the construction and operation management of community service stations for the aged through a period of exploration and experiment, find out the shortcomings, and provide scientific basis for further standardizing the construction and operation of community service stations for the aged in the future. For the problems found in grassroots practice and good suggestions, the operators of community pension service stations and the public can give feedback to the Civil Affairs Bureau or the District Civil Affairs Bureau through various channels.
(2) About the service radius of the post station. "Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Community Service Facilities for the Aged" stipulates that the service scope of urban post stations should be calculated as "a quarter of an hour service circle" in principle. In order to facilitate the elderly to build a station nearby to receive services, and at the same time ensure that the service radiation of the community pension station is in place, the standard further refines the principle of setting up the station, and makes it clear that the community pension service station should comprehensively consider regional population density, the distribution of the elderly population, service demand, service radius and other factors, and make planning and setting with reference to the distribution of streets and township pension care centers. In principle, the service radius of community service stations for the aged shall not exceed1000 m.
(3) Environmental requirements of post stations. First, the appearance of environmental requirements. The standard stipulates that "the name, function and logo of the post station should be designed according to the unified standards of the whole city, and there are road traffic signs in the vicinity". The main purpose is to help the elderly to effectively discover and discover the old-age service facilities around the residential area, and at the same time play the role of publicity to enhance the popularity of the station.
Followed by decoration materials and ventilation requirements. In order to ensure the green environmental protection of the post station and prevent the health of the elderly from being harmed, the standard puts forward clear requirements for the building materials of the post station, stipulating that the materials used in the post station building decoration project comply with the provisions of the National Limit of Hazardous Substances in Building Decoration Materials, and the variety specifications and quality meet the design requirements and the current national standards; Equipped with ventilation equipment and ventilation channels to ensure the cleanliness of the air in the living and activity space of the elderly.
The third is the internal environmental requirements. The layout of the post station is scientific and reasonable, and the public facilities and functions match; There are obvious signs in public areas, which conform to the physiological characteristics of the elderly, with obvious positions, accurate information and clear pictures and texts; The venue layout is reasonable, clean and tidy, and the public fitness facilities and lighting facilities meet the national standards.
(4) Design standard of post station facilities. The first is the fire protection standard. Safety is the primary prerequisite for the survival and development of old-age care institutions. The post station is a densely populated place, and the residents are mostly elderly people, which requires high fire safety. According to the relevant requirements of "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" and "Standard for Design of Community Pension Service Facilities in Beijing" issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Public Security, the standards re-emphasize and refine the fire protection standards, requiring that postal buildings should be low-rise buildings or located at the ground floor, with a fire resistance rating of not less than Grade II, and their evacuation distance and width should meet the fire protection and evacuation requirements of related buildings. Old people's rooms should not be located in basements and semi-basements; The post station should be equipped with automatic fire alarm system, fire emergency lighting, low-position lighting and evacuation indication signs, fire blankets, independent smoke detectors and fire-fighting filter-type self-rescue breathing apparatus.
The second is the setting standard of barrier-free facilities. In order to facilitate the elderly to enter and leave the post station, according to the opinions and suggestions put forward by some experts and the masses, the standard stipulates that the entrance and exit of the post station must be barrier-free, the height difference between the platform at the entrance and exit and the outdoor ground of the building should not be greater than 500mm, and slow steps should be adopted. The main entrances and exits should be provided with doors, with horizontal doors or inductive sliding doors, and revolving doors are not allowed.
The third is the division of functional areas of post stations. Postal rooms are divided into four categories: living rooms, medical and health care rooms, public activities rooms and service rooms; On the premise of meeting the use function, the living room, public activity room and service room can be used together.
The living room mainly includes the rest room for the elderly, public toilets and public restaurants. Among them, the rest rooms for the elderly should not be arranged near elevator shafts and noise and vibration equipment rooms. At the same time, according to the scale of the station and the needs of the elderly, beds (chairs) are set up, with an average use area of 5 square meters each.
Medical and health care rooms include infirmary, nursing station, psychological consultation room, health care room, rehabilitation room, etc. The postal station can decide whether to set up a medical and health care room according to the facilities and actual needs. The establishment of medical institutions such as infirmary and nursing station must meet the basic standards of medical institutions and obtain the Practice License of Medical Institutions. According to the Notice of the General Office of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Printing and Distributing the Sum (Guo Wei Ban Yi Fa [20 1 4] No.57), the construction area of the infirmary of the old-age care institution is not less than 40 square meters, and at least1person has obtained the qualification of medical practitioner, and has been practicing in medical and health institutions for 5 years after registration, and is in good health. Registered nurses must have at least 1. The construction area of nursing stations in old-age care institutions is not less than 30 square meters, and there are at least two registered nurses with the title of nurse or above, of which 1 has the title of nurse in charge or above; There are at least 1 rehabilitation workers. In the next step, the relevant municipal departments will further clarify and standardize the relevant standards for the establishment of post-station medical institutions.
Public activity rooms include reading room, chess room, painting and calligraphy room, fitness room and multi-function hall. The multi-function hall should be located on the first floor of the building, and the wall and ceiling should be treated with sound absorption to avoid interfering with the lounge for the elderly; The public activity room should have good natural lighting and ventilation conditions, and be equipped with TV, audio, fitness equipment, leisure chess supplies, books, newspapers and periodicals according to the actual situation.
Service rooms include duty room, kitchen, home care service room, staff room and laundry room. In order to ensure the safety of the post station, the standard clearly puts forward that it is not supported to add a kitchen with processing function to the post station. The kitchen only provides catering, heating and insulation without using naked fire, and simple meal preparation. If the kitchen has processing function, it should be located in a relatively independent area, and equipped with ventilation, smoke exhaust, sewage discharge, fire control facilities and appropriate moisture-proof, noise elimination, sound insulation, ventilation and dust removal measures, which meet the requirements of hygiene, environmental protection and fire control. In addition, the housing for home-based aged care mainly provides home services such as meals, life care and medical assistance for the elderly.
(5) Post station service management standards. The first is to put forward the staffing requirements of the station. In order to ensure the service quality of the post station, the standard stipulates that the post station should be equipped with stationmaster, corresponding proportion of aged care workers, and necessary social workers, medical and health care personnel, workers and financial personnel. In view of the relatively small scale of the post station, it will greatly increase the operating cost of the post station if the aged care service personnel are required to be fully equipped, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of the post station. In order to reduce the labor cost of the post station, the standard stipulates that the above-mentioned personnel can employ part-time staff except the nursing staff for the aged. In addition, in order to encourage the chain and brand operation of posts, the staffing requirements of chain operation posts are further reduced, that is, "chain and brand posts can be uniformly deployed according to actual needs".
The second is to clarify the service project setting of the post station. According to the relevant requirements of the Opinions on Developing Community Service Stations for the Elderly, the standard stipulates that six basic services, such as day care, call service, catering service, health guidance, cultural entertainment and psychological comfort, are provided for the service stations for the elderly. Considering the low compensation of post operation and the difference of demand for old-age care services in different regions, in order to reduce the cost of post operators, the standard puts forward that "the posts of community old-age care services with single facilities are chained, branded and adjacent, and the posts do not need to have all six basic functions, and the services in adjacent regions can be provided through regional combination, group service and comprehensive service of chain service providers". That is to say, if the adjacent sites of a single facility are all built and operated by the same service provider, it is no longer required that each site must have six basic service functions.
On the basis of "Opinions on Building Community Service Stations for the Aged", the standards are refined by listing, which stipulates that services such as cleaning, bathing, medical treatment, tourism, agency, rehabilitation nursing and legal consultation can be expanded in the station, and the service standards of extended services are standardized.
The third is to clarify the basic requirements of station service. In order to reduce the operation risk of the post station, it is required that the post station must establish a risk prevention mechanism, purchase relevant comprehensive liability insurance, sign a service agreement and informed consent with long-term clients, show safety instructions on its own initiative, and encourage the elderly to buy accident insurance. In order to further promote the combination of medical care and nursing care at the community level, it is required that the post station should strengthen the docking with the community health service center (station) under the overall coordination of the sub-district office (township government), and provide convenient conditions for the elderly at home to seek medical treatment in terms of registration, medical treatment, medicine collection, comprehensive diagnosis and treatment, and referral. In order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly in accordance with the law, it is stipulated that the post station should pay attention to protecting the privacy of the elderly, sign a confidentiality agreement with its staff, and must not disclose personal privacy information obtained during the service.
The fourth is to standardize the standards of postal service projects. Referring to the relevant standards of home care services in other provinces and cities, combined with the actual situation of this city, the service standards of 6 basic services and 7 extended services are specified in detail. Here, we will focus on six basic services.
In terms of day care, it is stipulated that "short-term full-time care should be implemented for the elderly with special service needs, and the short-term full-time care time should not exceed 15 days in principle; For the elderly who need long-term care, they are recommended and transferred to nearby pension institutions (foster care centers) to receive full-time nursing services; Conditional community pension service stations can pick up and drop off elderly people who need day care at home. " According to the current laws and regulations, community pension stations do not belong to pension institutions, and it is difficult to provide centralized living and care services for a long time. In order to better cope with the development trend of the aging population, considering the actual needs of the elderly in the home community and the respiratory service needs of the children of the elderly family members, the standard has been appropriately innovated, and it is proposed that short-term full-time nursing can be carried out in the post station, but the short-term full-time nursing time should not exceed 15 days in principle. For the elderly who receive short-term full-time care services, the post office must sign a temporary custody agreement to clarify the rights and obligations of both parties; If it exceeds 15 days, it should be transferred to a nearby old-age care institution (care center) to receive full-time care services as appropriate.
In terms of call service, the service needs of the elderly, such as helping meals, cleaning, bathing, helping doctors, helping businesses, and acting, are referred to other professional institutions by community pension service posts, or directly provided by posts. The service organization that undertakes the service must be a non-governmental or industrial and commercial registration service organization with standardized management and good service record. At the same time, postal stations and social professional service institutions should also do a good job of tracking and supervision to make this service efficient, convenient and reasonable.
In terms of food aid service, it is stipulated that food aid is mainly divided into centralized dining, separate dining and door-to-door delivery; When providing catering services, recipes should be formulated according to nutrition, hygiene requirements, needs of the elderly, regional characteristics, ethnic and religious habits, etc., so as to provide the elderly with a nutritious, comprehensive and reasonable balanced diet, so that the combination of meat and vegetables, dry and wet is reasonable, and there are recipes every week. At the same time, the Standard also standardizes the service standards of centralized dining and individual dining, and once again advocates the post station to carry out meal assistance services through the central kitchen.
In terms of health guidance, around the medical service needs of the elderly in the home community, it is stipulated that the post station should at least rely on medical institutions to provide basic medical and health services such as blood pressure measurement and blood sugar measurement, and can also rely on professional institutions or professionals to carry out medical and nursing services such as chronic disease management, common disease nursing, rolling over and patting the back, health care and medication guidance. With a nursing station, you can carry out basic nursing, specialist nursing, hospice care, disinfection and isolation technical guidance, nutrition guidance, community rehabilitation guidance and health education and other medical and health care services in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Municipality. At the same time, it is also required that the station should regularly organize professionals to hold health knowledge and skills training and strengthen health guidance; Relying on community health service institutions, nursing stations or professional doctors and nurses, provide regular physical examination, home visits, family beds, community nursing, health management and other services for the elderly.
In the aspect of culture and entertainment, it is considered that the post station is the basic carrier for the government to provide basic services for the aged, and it is required that the post station must organize or assist the elderly to carry out various cultural and entertainment activities that are beneficial to their physical and mental health and enrich their spiritual and cultural life in this area. In view of the concern of some institutions that some elderly people occupy facilities such as chess room and reading room for a long time, the post office can formulate relevant management rules and regulations, clarify the opening hours, precautions and service guarantee measures of activity facilities and places, and arrange appropriate activities at different times to ensure that the normal rest and health of the elderly are not affected.
In the aspect of psychological comfort, it is clear that the post office should grasp the psychological changes of the elderly in time and promote their physical and mental health. At the same time, it is pointed out that psychological comfort is mainly in the form of chatting and emotional comfort. Taking topics of interest to the elderly as the starting point, chatting with them can help to eliminate negative emotional reactions and loneliness, and meet the needs of emotional comfort and spiritual communication for the elderly. People who provide psychological comfort services, such as psychological counselors, social workers, medical staff and other professionals, can also be served by experienced elderly nurses.
The fifth is to standardize the disclosure of post service matters. In order to promote the standardized operation and service improvement of the post station and facilitate public supervision, the standard stipulates that the post station should publicize information such as service items, charging standards, rules and regulations, work processes, service commitments and complaint methods; Introduce the service items, service contents and charging prices to the elderly in detail. At the same time, establish an employee publicity system, actively publicize the basic situation of employees, and show certificates.
The sixth is to clarify the basic principles of station charging. As the foundation of home care service, the post station is an important carrier and main way for the government to provide basic care services for the elderly in the community, and it is the "service housekeeper" at the door of the elderly in the community. In order to promote the construction of urban community pension service stations, the government provides facilities free of charge and gives them to social forces for construction and operation. To this end, the standard stipulates the basic principles of post station charging, that is, the price of post station service charging should be lower than the average price of the local market and higher than the cost price; Set up public service projects in cultural entertainment, psychological comfort, blood pressure measurement and health knowledge lectures. , and do not charge customers; Neighborhood offices (township governments) and community pension service stations set up by relevant government departments provide facilities free of charge. Under the guidance of the district civil affairs department, the specific charging standard shall be determined by the station operator and the local sub-district office (township government) through consultation; According to the relevant regulations of the government, the basic public pension services provided for the poor elderly in urban and rural areas and the elderly in low-income families are subsidized by the government through the purchase of services.