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Numerous tourist attractions
Jinan, the provincial capital, is famous at home and abroad for its reputation as "Spring City". Lingyan Temple in Changqing and Simen Pagoda in Licheng have a long history and high cultural value.
Qufu, a famous historical and cultural city, is the hometown of Confucius, the top ten historical and cultural celebrities in the world, and the birthplace of Confucianism. Confucius Temple, Confucius House and Confucius Forest are large-scale and rich in cultural relics, which have been named as "World Cultural Heritage" by UNESCO.
Mount Tai, as the "head of the five mountains" in China, symbolizes the soul of China with its magnificent scenery and profound culture, and is named "World Natural and Cultural Heritage" by UNESCO.
On the long coastline of eastern Shandong, there are beautiful coastal cities such as Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai and Rizhao. Qingdao is known as the "Pearl of the Yellow Sea", and the scenery of Qianhai is unique. Laoshan Mountain is a Taoist resort with many historical sites. Yantai, the hometown of fish and fruit, Penglai Pavilion, a fairyland on earth, and Weihai, a seaside garden, are ideal tourist, convalescent and holiday resorts with beautiful scenery and pleasant climate.
The folk customs in central Shandong are rich and colorful. Weifang Kite, Yangjiabu Woodblock New Year Pictures and Shijiazhuang Folk Tourism, which are known as the "Kite Capital of the World", have their own characteristics. Zibo, the ancient capital of Qi State, is famous for its ancient culture, with historical sites such as the ruins of the ancient city of Qi State, the sacrificial pits of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the ruins of the Great Wall of Qi.
The Yellow River, the cradle of the Chinese nation, flows 570 kilometers through Shandong and flows into the Bohai Sea. The natural scenery of the Yellow River Estuary is magnificent, peculiar and breathtaking.
In addition, Shui Bo Site in Liangshan, Peony in Heze, Guangyue Tower and Iron Tower in Liaocheng, Sulu Mausoleum in Dezhou, 10,000 mu pomegranate in Zaozhuang, 100,000 mu lotus in Huishan Lake, and ancient canal tour all have their own characteristics.
In order to meet the needs of Chinese and foreign tourists and rely on the advantages of rich tourism resources, Shandong holds a series of large-scale tourism festivals every year, such as Qufu International Confucius Culture Festival, Qingdao International Beer Festival, Weifang International Kite Festival, Taishan International Mountaineering Festival and Heze International Peony Festival. At the same time, we also develop Confucius' hometown tour, Muslim tour, Xu Fudong's tour, peasant folk tour, calligraphy tour, cooking tour, Chinese medicine rehabilitation tour and pilgrimage tour, which can be participated all year round.
Perfect reception facilities and convenient transportation.
Shandong tourism reception service facilities are perfect and comprehensive reception capacity is strong. There are a total of 14 1 hotels in the province, including 3 five-star hotels, 9 four-star hotels, 62 three-star hotels, 57 two-star hotels and 1-star hotels 10. Tourist enterprises 4 1, tourist vehicles 2,393, tourist ships 197. There are 260 travel agencies in the province, including 45 international travel agencies and 2 15 domestic travel agencies. In order to meet the new demands of domestic and foreign markets, Shandong has successively established more than ten provincial-level tourist resorts such as Qingdao Shilaoren National Tourist Resort, Yantai Golden Beach, Weihai Huancui, Rushan Silver Beach, Rongcheng Shidaowan, Mu Ping Mayang Island, Rizhao Mountain Haitian, Jinan Wufeng Mountain, Qingdao Xuejia Island, Tai 'an Taishan Mountain and Qingdao Langya Taiwan. Cultural and entertainment facilities are perfect and activities are abundant. Tourist foreign-related hotels are equipped with fitness and entertainment facilities, karaoke dance halls and dance halls. In tourist cities, nightclubs can be seen everywhere. It is convenient for tourists to shop. There are tourist shopping shops selling famous and special products in cities and tourist areas. Shandong cuisine is one of the four major cuisines in China. Visitors can not only eat authentic Shandong cuisine with a long history, but also taste various Chinese and Western cuisines and local snacks.
Shandong has very convenient tourist transportation, and has formed a three-dimensional transportation network connecting railway, highway, sea transportation and air transportation. Beijing-shanghai railway runs through the north and south, and Ji Jiao Railway runs through the east and west, opening special tourist trains from Jinan to Qingdao, from Beijing to Tai 'an and Rizhao. The Beijing-Kowloon Railway passes through three cities in Shandong. The expressway network covers all parts of the province, with a mileage of over 50,000 kilometers, and the pavement quality and mileage rank first in the country. Air traffic is developing rapidly. Two international airports, Jinan and Qingdao, have opened overseas routes from Jinan to Singapore, Qingdao to Osaka, Seoul, Macau, Jinan and Qingdao to Hong Kong, with more than 70 domestic routes. Maritime transportation is also very convenient, and four international passenger routes have been opened, namely, Qingdao to Incheon, South Korea, Qingdao to Shimonoseki, Weihai to Incheon, South Korea and Yantai to Busan, South Korea. It provides convenient conditions for tourists to visit Shandong.
Famous scenic spot
Mount Taishan and Laoshan Mountain, a scenic spot.
Long Island, a major nature reserve.
Yellow River Delta National Forest Park
Historical and cultural city Jinan Qufu Qingdao Liaocheng Linzi
National key cultural relics protection units: Confucius Temple, Confucius House and Confucius Forest.
Shandong folk custom
traditional festival
Traditional festivals are mostly developed from temple fairs and mountain markets around the country, and their scale and influence are larger and wider than those of ordinary temple fairs and mountain markets. The highlights of such festivals in Shandong are as follows:
1, Jinan Qianfoshan Temple Fair
According to the custom of Jinan, people climb mountains in Qianfo Mountain and stand on the "Chrysanthemum Appreciation Rock" to enjoy chrysanthemums on September 9th in the summer calendar every year. Since the Yuan Dynasty, September 9th has been designated as the Thousand Foshan Temple Fair. Persimmons are abundant near Qianfo Mountain, especially in large boxes. During the temple fair, boxes of persimmons are mature and listed, and people who rush to the temple fair will buy more persimmons to go home. Therefore, Qianfoshan Temple Fair is called "Persimmon Fair". During the temple fair every year, there are more than 1000 fixed and mobile booths on both sides of the mountain road, which is more than one kilometer from the foot of the mountain to the middle of the mountain in xingguo temple, dealing in daily necessities, local products, snacks and handicrafts. Folk art groups inside and outside the province perform acrobatics, circus, songs and dances, etc. At the crowded and lively temple fair.
2. Jinan Pharmaceutical Fair
Jinan Pharmaceutical Fair has been rising since the early Qing Dynasty. It is one of the three major pharmaceutical fairs in China, and its scale is slightly smaller than that of qi zhou in Hebei (now Anguo) and Yuzhou in Henan (now Yuxian). In ancient times, there was Wang Yao Temple west of the south gate of Baotu Spring in Jinan. It is said that April 28th in the Gregorian calendar is Wang Yao's birthday. On this day every year, many drug dealers, farmers and people go to Wang Yao Temple to offer sacrifices. The temple hosted a troupe performance and the audience was crowded. Drug dealers and farmers brought all kinds of Chinese herbal medicines and proprietary Chinese medicines for sale here, and other businessmen also brought all kinds of commodities to trade here, with tens of thousands of buyers and sellers, thus forming a pattern centered on Wang Yao Temple. The number of people rushing to the meeting increased year by year, and the meeting place was moved from the south gate of Baotu Spring to Shanshuigou, Sanhe Street, Zhengjue Temple Street, Shuanglong Street, Quanmen Lane and Tanxiang. 193 1 After the establishment of Jinan Chinese Medicine Association, the drug market changed from March 20th in the summer calendar, and the duration was generally 10 ~ 15 days. Northeast China, North China, South China and other provinces and cities, as well as drug farmers and drug dealers from all over Shandong, as well as drug dealers from Incheon, South Korea, also came to catch up with the meeting that year. After the July 7th Incident, the drug market declined year by year, and it was not until the liberation of Jinan that the drug market gradually recovered. In the ten years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the pharmaceutical market will flourish, with hundreds of thousands of people attending the conference every year. The "Cultural Revolution" began at 1966, and the Jinan pharmaceutical market with a history of several hundred years was stopped. In the late 1970s, the Qianfoshan Temple Fair in Jinan resumed, and drug dealers and farmers flocked to the Qianfoshan Temple Fair, so the trade of Chinese herbal medicines became a part of the Qianfoshan Temple Fair.
3. Dongyue Temple Fair (Taishan Temple Fair)
Mount Tai, the head of the Five Mountains, is a sacred mountain where Buddhism and Taoism coexist. Dai Temple at the foot of Mount Tai is dedicated to the God of Mount Tai-Dongyue the Great. According to legend, March 28th in the summer calendar is the birthday of Mount Tai, and emperors of past dynasties held retreat and meditation ceremonies in Dai Temple on this day. Imperial celebrations, Buddhist and Taoist religious activities and people's pilgrimage to the mountains have formed the Dongyue Temple Fair in Daimiao area, with business and entertainment activities as its main content. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Dongyue Temple will become the largest and most influential temple fair in the north, and Tai 'an will also become an important commodity distribution center. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, it will become the largest mule and horse trading market in northern China.
There are many records about the grand occasion of Dongyue Temple Fair in history. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Zhang Dai wrote in the Zhi Dynasty: "Dongyue Temple is hundreds of acres wide. Traders and brokers, at the same time, traders are mostly women and children. The rest of the open space, cockfighting, squatting, walking, storytelling, sumo stage four or five, stage four or five, thousands of people are like bee ants, each occupying its own side, gongs and drums are ringing, far apart, and each is not harmonious. " During the period of the Republic of China, during the temple fair every year, good men and women came all the way to the mountains to make incense, and the residents in the mountains sold more wax paper sticks, and their business was the most prosperous. There were many beggars along the way. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the temple fair was transformed into a material exchange meeting, which was interrupted during the Cultural Revolution.
1986, Tai 'an resumed Taishan Temple Fair, and the venue was changed to Taishan Ring Road, with Hong Men and Wang Muchi as the center. The new temple fair retains part of the traditional temple fair, enriches the new content and features, integrates tourism, play, food, entertainment, economy and trade, and its scale and influence are expanding year by year.
4. Zibo Lantern Festival
Zibo Lantern Festival has a long history, and it was famous all over the country in Qing Dynasty. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Lantern Festival was once interrupted. It was officially restored in Zibo People's Park 1986 with unprecedented pomp. Headlights and lanterns complement each other and shine brilliantly.
On the basis of the traditional Lantern Festival, the first Zibo Golden Autumn Lantern Festival was held in Zibo People's Park from September 5th 1989 to1October 5th 10. With the theme of "Happy Zibo", 37 large-scale mechanical lanterns and nearly 1,000 ethnic lanterns were exhibited. Large-scale light groups mainly include Golden Horse Soaring, Liaozhai Fun Garden, Three Dragons Roaring the Sea, Xu Xian Lake Tour and Wuyunxian Pavilion. During the Lantern Festival, it received more than 500,000 Chinese and foreign audiences. Since then, Zibo has held lantern festivals twice a year, once for the Lantern Festival and once for the Golden Autumn Lantern Festival. Take lanterns as the medium, make friends all over the world, recruit businessmen from all over the world and carry out large-scale economic and trade activities.
1September, 1992, Zibo held the first national lantern festival invitational tournament, in which eight cities including Chengdu, Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanjing, Tianjin, Jinan and Zibo participated. * * * 48 groups of large colored lanterns and nearly a thousand pieces of folk craft lanterns were exhibited, and guests at home and abroad gathered together, which was very lively.
5. Hu Ji Book Club
Ji Hu, the largest market town in the southeast of Huimin County (formerly known as Wu Dingfu), meets on the second and seventh day of the lunar calendar. The twelfth day of the first month of the lunar calendar is the first big gathering after the Spring Festival, and the Lantern Festival book fair will be held on this day. Hu Hui has a history of more than 700 years from the rise of Yuan Dynasty to the peak of early Qing Dynasty.
This book will be divided into the previous section, regular section and partial section. The book fair will begin on the twelfth day of the first month. Before the 11th day of the first month, storytellers from Dezhou, Huimin, Jinan, Zibo, Yantai, Cangzhou, Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Tangshan, Beijing, Tianjin, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Henan and other places gathered in Huji in twos and threes, with musical instruments and bedding, and some amateur folk art lovers followed them and lived in various inns in the town. On the way to Ji Hu, artists tell stories and sell artworks along the way, which is the so-called "Qian Jie". In the early morning of the twelfth day of the first month, storytellers from all walks of life came to the party, set up stalls, hung flags and put on their own performances. In the morning 10, drums and firecrackers sounded everywhere, and the reading club officially began. From this day until the 16th day of the first month, it is a "festival". During this period, there will be a Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month, and local people will also perform traditional art performances such as running dragon lanterns, dancing yangko, walking on stilts, lifting the core, juggling and martial arts, and the book will reach its climax. During the book festival, artists charge the highest price for their performances. There are many kinds of songs in the book fair, such as Xihe drum, wooden drum, bamboo board book, storytelling, Bohai drum, Shandong fast book, Shandong Qin book, fishing drum book and so on. Farmers in towns and villages near Ji Hu especially like listening to books. They got up early in the morning to listen to the book, surrounded by storytellers three floors inside and three floors outside. Each village also sent internal staff to the book fair to select favorite programs, and then invited artists to sing in the village, and the villagers paid for it. Since the night of the twelfth day of the first month, artists have been rapping in various villages day and night for several days. If the host keeps them, the artists will continue to rap. If the host doesn't stay, the artists will catch up with the book gathering on the seventeenth day of the first month. 17 to 2 1 day is called "deviation". After the festival, the book fair will be over. During the book fair, artists exchanged new year greetings with each other, exchanged bibliographies, learned skills and accepted apprentices, which was full of the professionalism of the orchestra. After the book meeting broke up, the artists went home all the way. On the twelfth day of the first month of the following year, the artists came to Ji Hu for a party from all directions.
During the Cultural Revolution, the book festival of Diwali, which has a long history and is famous all over the country, was forced to be interrupted. 1988 On the twelfth day of the first month of the summer calendar, the book club officially resumed, and it became more and more prosperous year by year. Jihu Town Government allocated more than 300,000 yuan to build a large-scale Quyi Museum, which provided a good singing environment for the book club.