The constitution is closely related to people's lives. For example, the constitution is the basic law of the country and every citizen should abide by it. It stipulates the state system and regime of China, and the basic rights of citizens. Any law that conflicts with the Constitution is invalid!
Criminal law is a law about which acts are crimes. Any citizen who violates the criminal law must bear criminal responsibility. Criminal responsibility refers to the legal responsibility that must be borne when committing a criminal act. Specifically, criminals have the obligation to be tried and punished by judicial organs. According to the provisions of China's criminal law, punishment includes principal punishment and supplementary punishment. The main punishments are: public surveillance, criminal detention, fixed-term imprisonment, life imprisonment and death penalty; Supplementary punishments include: fines, deprivation of political rights and confiscation of property. In addition, deportation can be applied independently or additionally to foreigners who commit crimes.
Civil law is the general name of legal norms that stipulate and adjust the property relations and personal relations between citizens and legal persons as equal subjects and between citizens and legal persons. It is one of the important departmental laws in the national legal system and is closely related to people's lives.
Economic law is the general name of legal norms that the state intervenes, manages and adjusts economic activities with social publicity from the overall situation of economic development. As long as it is in economic activities with ordinary people!
After the reform of the camp, what changes have taken place in the life service industry closely related to the lives of ordinary people? The bell of "camp reform" finally rang in May, 2006 1, 2065438. A four-year reform with a huge momentum and ups and downs in the whole country ended successfully. Business tax then completed its final mission, curtain call, and value-added tax also completed its industry-wide expansion, proudly becoming the largest tax in China. Then, as the life service industry that is most closely related to the lives of ordinary people, can we enjoy the dividend of reform with this east wind? Today I will take you into the reform of life service industry.
First, the content and characteristics of life service industry
Life service industry mainly includes cultural and sports services, education and medical services, tourism and entertainment services, daily catering services, daily residents services and other life services. For example, the catering industry, accommodation industry, domestic service industry, washing and dyeing industry, hairdressing and beauty industry, bathing industry, medical education, portrait photography, etc., which we contact in our daily life, all belong to the content of life service industry. The characteristics of this industry are multifaceted, with many employees, directly facing the final consumers, and small-scale taxpayers account for a relatively large proportion, ranging from 85% to 90%.
Two, the life service industry "camp reform" after the impact on taxpayers
Before the "camp reform", the life service industry was taxed in the business tax, and the tax rate was 5%. After the "VAT reform", a 3% levy rate will be applied to small-scale VAT taxpayers and a 6% tax rate will be applied to general VAT taxpayers. Although directly from the tax rate, the tax rate has increased for the general taxpayers of value-added tax, but because the value-added tax is only paid according to the value-added amount, and the business tax is paid in full according to the turnover, it is meaningless to simply compare the tax rates. If the input tax deducted by the general VAT taxpayer is sufficient, there will definitely be a tax reduction effect on the whole.
1. Small-scale taxpayers
Because small-scale taxpayers have implemented a tax rate of 3% after the "camp reform", compared with the previous business tax rate of 5%, the tax reduction effect will be very obvious for small-scale taxpayers, so that most enterprises in the life service industry can achieve the tax reduction effect.
2. General taxpayer
For general VAT taxpayers, the deduction of input tax should be considered. Now let's compare them with examples. For example, the turnover of 100 yuan, regardless of other taxes and fees, should pay business tax 5 yuan (100×5%). After the "VAT reform", for general VAT taxpayers, if there is no input tax deduction, they should pay VAT at 5.66 yuan [100/( 1+6]. At this time, 5 yuan's value-added tax (5.66-0.66) should be paid, so only the input tax should reach 0.66% of 165438+ output tax (that is, 0.66/5.66) can the tax reduction be achieved. Therefore, after the reform of the camp, the general taxpayer of VAT should pay attention to the deduction of input tax. With the spread of the reform of value-added tax in the whole industry, the office or business premises rented by enterprises can be deducted from the input value-added tax if they obtain special invoices for value-added tax. The applicable tax rate for real estate leasing is 1 1%, which is higher than the tax rate of 6% in the life service industry, so it has a tax reduction effect.
(1) catering industry
For the catering industry, the input tax can be calculated according to the purchase price of agricultural products and the deduction rate 13% indicated on the purchase invoice or sales invoice. The calculation formula is:
Input tax = purchase price × 13%
Therefore, for the catering industry, if enterprises can grasp the policy and attach importance to invoice management, the effect of tax saving will be very obvious. However, at present, catering enterprises generally purchase agricultural products from individuals or individual industrial and commercial households, and cannot obtain VAT deduction vouchers. Therefore, how to choose suppliers next will be the content that ordinary taxpayers should fully consider.
(2) Hotel industry
As far as the hotel industry is concerned, before the "camp reform", the hotel supplies purchased by the hotel, such as hotel furniture, hotel sofas, tables and chairs, hotel beds, televisions, telephones, sheets, quilts and other disposable toiletries, are not deductible. After the "camp reform", if the above-mentioned hotel supplies can obtain the special VAT invoice, all the corresponding input tax can be included in the deduction range. Therefore, after the "VAT reform", if enterprises can reasonably choose the suppliers of general VAT taxpayers and pay attention to procurement management, tax reduction will not be a problem.
(3) Beauty and hairdressing industry
For the beauty salon industry, labor costs account for a large proportion, and labor costs are as high as 80% or more. Due to the labor cost, it is impossible to obtain the special VAT invoice, which may lead to the high overall tax burden of the enterprise. In this case, enterprises should pay more attention to other projects that can obtain special VAT invoices, such as purchasing beauty-related equipment and toiletries. These projects should obtain special invoices for value-added tax as much as possible to minimize the tax burden of enterprises.
Third, comprehensively promote the significance of "camp reform"
The pilot project of "VAT reform" has solved the problem of inconsistent and repetitive taxation of goods and services, penetrated the deduction chain within the service industry and between the secondary and tertiary industries, reduced the corporate tax burden, stimulated the vitality of enterprises, promoted social division of labor and cooperation, effectively supported the development of service industry and the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry, and enhanced the export competitiveness of goods and services trade, which is an important measure to promote the transformation and upgrading of economic structure.
The "camp reform" will be implemented in May 1 day, and I believe that the east wind of reform will make the life service industry glow with new vitality. Service enterprises should also strengthen enterprise management to make the management of life service industry more standardized and streamlined.
Depends on what you want to see. Wechat City F has been able to communicate, exchange, entertain and consume on WeChat, which are important components of people's daily needs. These are very convenient ways, whether it is hospital G number, ticket purchase or vehicle violation inquiry. These functions are quite good. Wechat City F service brings many convenient F services.
What poems are closely related to childhood life? The shepherd boy rode the ox and sang loudly.
A child with unkempt hair and immature face is learning to fish by the river. He is sitting sideways in the grass, and his shadow is set off by weeds.
The children came back from school early, so they were busy flying kites in the east wind.
The child ran quickly to catch the yellow butterfly, but the butterfly suddenly flew into the vegetable garden and could not be found again.
Although the children don't plow and weave, they also learn a kind of melon in the shade of mulberry trees.
What laws are closely related to the lives of ordinary people? Personally, I think that every law is closely related to life and has a wide coverage.
If there are any laws closely related to daily life, the order of close relationship from high to low is:
First, under normal circumstances
form
civil law
Property law (although it is still under consideration, it will be implemented sooner or later, so sit down first)
law of contract
Marriage and inheritance law (equally important)
Labor law and company law (these two laws are of different importance to workers and investors)
Administrative law (administrative license, administrative punishment, public security management punishment law, road traffic safety law, etc.). )
Second, when there is a daily dispute.
Law of the People's Republic of China on Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests
civil code
Administrative procedure law
Third, under special circumstances.
Criminal law and criminal procedure law
What inventions are closely related to our lives? Human inventions in the first 20 years of the 20th century.
Led Zeppelin rigid airship, speakers, air conditioners, vending machines, Christmas tree lights, double-edged safety razors, airplanes, instant coffee, artificial chewing gum, neon lights, electricity in cars.
Ignition device, paper cup, crossword puzzle, stainless steel, * * * (originally diet pills), bra, aviation food (first appeared on the flight from Russia to Ukraine)
), processing cheese, tanks, popcorn oven. Artificial creatures (robots), chocolate popsicles, band-aid ointment, snowmobiles, automatic watches, electric razors, 16mm.
Rice family movie camera (invented by Kodak Company), tissue paper, TV set, the first talking movie (jazz singer shot by Warner Bros. Film Company),
Al joelson), car radio, frozen food, traffic lights, penicillin (invented by Englishman alexander fleming).
Human inventions in the 1930s.
Human inventions in 1930s: World Cup, cans, Polaroid sunglasses, laundromat, zebra crossing, canned beer, pop music charts (American billboards
Magazine initiative), ballpoint pen, Xerox copier, household refrigerator (invented by General Electric Company), computer, stereo recorder.
Human inventions in the 1940s.
Human inventions in the 1940s: nylon, KFC, color TV, Taber household plastic products, Irish coffee, atomic bomb, microwave oven, jeep, polaroid photography.
Computers (black and white photos can be developed in 60 seconds), unsalable CDs, reusable diapers, and the first software-driven computer.
Human inventions in the 1950s.
Human inventions in 1950s: credit card, cable TV, electric steering wheel, pocket transistor radio, diet soft drink, video recorder, non-stick pan, theme park (Disney
Paradise initiative), correction fluid for correcting typewriter errors, children's assembled toys, hydrogen bombs, hydrofoils, oral contraceptives, modems, lasers, fitness hula hoops.
Human inventions in the 1960s.
Human inventions in the 1960s: the first computer video game (Star Wars), soft contact lenses, fiber-tipped pens, weighing scale, silicone fillers for breast augmentation, buttons.
Telephone (developed by Bell Telephone Company), computer mouse, milk that can be preserved for a long time, quartz watch, "fool" camera, Whirlpool bathroom, DVD, cassette tape, valium sleeping pills,
Astro turf, notebook computer, scanner, acrylic paint.
Human inventions in the 1970s.
Human inventions in the 1970s: computer floppy disk, e-mail, pocket calculator, random notes, word processing software, Beta large-size tape recording system, and self-recording.
Dynamic focus camera, Apple II computer, space invader (the world's first street video game), mobile phone (mobile phone), Sony Walkman, liposuction.
Human inventions in the 1980s.
Inventions of mankind in 1980s: CD-ROM, Microsoft Windows computer operating system, DNA gene identification technology, disposable cameras, 3D video games, World Wide Web, HDTV,
Artificial skin, CD-ROM, hepatitis B vaccine, human hormone, Doppler radar, high-temperature superconductor, digital mobile phone.
Human inventions in the 1990s.
Human inventions in the 1990s: Hubble Space Telescope, Global Positioning System (invented by the US Department of Defense), DVD, Viagra aphrodisiac, which can be used for hydrogen combustion in cars.
Batteries, Pentium processors, Dolly cloned sheep, "smart" pills to control drug release, and text messages.
2 1 century human inventions
Breakthrough inventions of mankind after entering 2 1 century: Apple iPod music walkman, artificial liver, clean-free windows, Segway new means of transportation, contraceptive patch, suitable for cold weather in the Arctic.
Cycling on the ice in weather conditions, self-defense coat.
100 the moment when science changed human life? At the beginning of the new century, a book of the same name approved by the President of China Academy of Sciences was recently published by Zhejiang Children's Publishing House.
, thus answering this question.
These 100 moments are:
1900, the German physicist Planck put forward the quantum theory, which triggered a revolution in physics in the 20th century.
1900 published Interpretation of Dreams, which is a book that shocked the world.
190 1 year, the German physicist Roentgen who discovered X-rays became the winner of the first Nobel Prize in Physics.
190 1 year, the nobel prize became the highest international honor award;
1902, Willis Carrier designed the first air conditioning system;
1903, Tsiolkovsky formula: created the father of rockets;
1903, the Wright brothers in the United States flew into the blue sky with their own designed and manufactured aircraft, which was the first independent flight in the history of human aviation;
1904, the world's first electron tube was born under the British physicist Fleming, marking the beginning of the electronic age.
1in June, 905, Einstein, who was only 26 years old, published a paper with a theory that would change the whole world: special relativity;
From 65438 to 0906, the American inventor forest improved the diode and developed the triode. This seemingly small step is the most important event in the process of opening the door of the electronic age.
Forrest Gump is therefore well-deserved to be called "the father of radio";
1906, the world's first electric washing machine was designed and manufactured by Fisher from Chicago, USA.
1907165438+1October 22nd, the world's first modern passenger ship "Mauritania" successfully crossed the Atlantic for the first time;
19 10 years, isotopes were discovered, which increased the actual number of chemical elements known to human beings and can be used many times.
19 1 1 year, someone made a model of a maglev train, and in the following decades, Germany, Japan, Canada and the United States repeatedly tried maglev trains;
19 12, the first neon advertisement appeared on the streets of Paris;
19 12 years, British chemist Hopkins discovered vitamins in the process of feeding animals with synthetic feed;
19 12 years, the French invented artificial cotton;
19 13, the first automobile production line was put into use;
19 15, Wei Gena wrote the origin of land and sea and put forward the theory of continental drift.
19 17 years, Canadian scientists discovered the natural enemy of bacteria: phage;
192 1 year, Norwegian meteorologists announced the atmospheric circulation pattern to the world, thus revealing the law of atmospheric movement over the earth;
192 1 year, the BCG vaccine with immune function to tuberculosis infection was tried in human body and achieved good results;
1923, the world's first color film was born;
1923, the world's first refrigerator came out in Sweden;
1924 from April to September, humans completed their first round-the-world flight;
1925, German scientist Heisenberg and other scientists founded the famous theory of matrix mechanics, which is usually called the first law of quantum mechanics.
1925, the Scottish inventor first introduced the television system;
1928, penicillin came out, creating a new era of medicine;
During the period of 1928, the internal power of continental drift was discovered: mantle convection;
1929, the world's first batch of quartz clocks came out;
193 1 year, zippers began to be widely used in the world;
193 1 year, the world's first microwave communication line was built between Dover, England and Calais, France;
193 1 year, German scientists made the world's first electron microscope, which is the "third eye of mankind";
1932, American experts developed the first effective pacemaker, which brought many heart patients back to life.
1932, the world's first expressway appeared in Germany;
1933, the invention of carothers, the "father of nylon", caused a global nylon uproar;
1935, the first practical radar device was successfully invented;
1936, Turing, who was only 24 years old, published a paper, which laid the foundation for the whole computer and artificial intelligence.
1937, the world's first radio telescope was built in Britain;
1938, the Biro brothers in Hungary independently designed and invented the ballpoint pen, which benefited all mankind.
1938, seedless watermelon was obtained for the first time in Huang Changxian, China.
1942, the first nuclear reactor designed and built under the leadership of Italian scientist Fermi successfully operated, marking the beginning of the atomic energy era.
1943, Dutch doctor kolff made the first artificial kidney, replacing the important organs of human body with machines for the first time;
1945, the world's first atomic bomb exploded in New Mexico.
1946 February 15, scientists from the university of Pennsylvania built the world's first multi-purpose electronic digital computer, marking the beginning of the computer age;
1946, the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance was discovered by scientists. Since 1970s, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging technology has been combined with image reconstruction technology.
1947, Frank Libby, a chemist at the University of Chicago in the United States, used the reflected isotope carbon 14 to accurately determine the age of once-living creatures for the first time and invented the carbon 14 dating method.
It is a great contribution to archaeology, oceanography and earth science;
1947, the first microwave oven came out, which set off a revolution in cooking stoves;
1947, the transistor, the first semiconductor electronic amplifier, came out and became the forerunner of human microelectronics revolution;
1948, American engineer Shannon published two "Mathematical Theory of Communication", which systematically discussed the basic problems of communication, thus laying the foundation of information theory.
1950, the credit card came out, and the era of "one card goes to the world" came;
195 1 year, American cross company developed the first practical video recorder.
1952, the United States successfully tested the world's first hydrogen bomb in the Marshall Islands in the Pacific Ocean.
1953, biologists Watson and Crick discovered the double helix structure model of ——DNA, the genetic material of life inheritance;
1954, the world's first nuclear-powered submarine Nautilus, designed and manufactured by the United States, made its maiden voyage, announcing the arrival of the nuclear submarine era;
1954, the Soviet Union built and officially opened the world's first nuclear power plant, which was the beginning of the peaceful use of nuclear energy by mankind.
From 65438 to 0954, American biologists invented the world's first effective oral contraceptive and conducted the first batch of clinical trials. 1957 10 year 10 On October 4th, the Soviet Union launched the world's first satellite.
Man-made earth satellite, mankind enters the space age;
1958, Americans discovered the laser. Two years later, 1960, the first ruby laser was born.
1959, American engineers made the world's first industrial robot;
On April 1960, the United States launched the world's first experimental meteorological satellite;
/kloc-the toilet invented in the 0/6th century became popular in this century;
12 April 12, Soviet astronaut Gagarin became the first man to fly into space.
1962, American physicists put forward the quark model for the first time and predicted that this extraordinary particle not only exists, but also constitutes all other particles.
1963, the surgeon of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital created the miracle of replantation of severed hand.
1964, IBM of the United States successfully developed the world's first universal integrated circuit.
1964, Yuan Longping, a teacher of an agricultural school in China, discovered a natural plant in the vast sea of rice, and China agriculture began the second green revolution.
1964, American Bell Company introduced videophone;
1965, Chinese scientists synthesized insulin artificially, which is the first synthetic crystalline protein with biological activity in the world.
1967, Cape Town, South Africa successfully performed the first heart transplant operation;
1968, American and French scientists put forward the plate tectonics theory;
In August 1968, 1 1, a scientific research ship named "Gegema Challenger" started its maiden voyage with the goal of deep-sea drilling. After a voyage of 15 years, not only the theory of continental drift was verified,
Plate tectonics, and many important scientific discoveries;
1968, Stanford research institute developed the world's first intelligent robot.
1969, the Pentagon started the Internet.
1in July, 969, the Apollo spacecraft was launched. 2 1, 1 1: 56, astronaut Armstrong set foot on the moon.
His small step marks a big step for mankind;
197 1 April19, the Soviet union launched the world's first space station "salute"1into earth orbit with a proton rocket;
197 1 year, the world's first general microprocessor came out, known as the first generation microprocessor, and the first microcomputer was born;
1972, CT scanner came out in Britain, which is another major breakthrough in the field of medical diagnosis after Roentgen discovered X-rays.
1973, the world's first optical fiber communication experimental system was built in Bell Laboratories, which laid the foundation stone for the information superhighway.
1975, American william miller made the world's first small electronic game machine;
From 65438 to 0976, the United States began to use the first generation of cordless telephone systems, and mobile phones gradually became modern "windward ears";
1977, the United States announced that it had developed a neutron bomb and began to put into production its armed forces;
1978 On July 25th, a baby named luis brown in England was born and became the first test-tube baby.
1979, 10 year1October 26th, the World Health Organization announced that smallpox patients had disappeared from the earth.
1981April 12, the United States spent 10 billion dollars to launch the space shuttle "Columbia" into the sky for the first time, making it a spacecraft that can freely shuttle between heaven and earth;
1982 Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine has developed a high-purity and efficient hepatitis B vaccine.
1983, the United States successfully developed digital TV;
1983 10 a strange man named Wang Yongmin in China invented the five-stroke Chinese character input method, which fundamentally solved the problem of computer Chinese character input;
1984, Apple introduced the world's first multimedia computer.
1990, the implementation of the human genome project marked the first page of the human "book of life";
199 1 year, the World Wide Web (WWW) based on the Internet officially appeared. This invisible network makes it very convenient for people to transmit information to each other, just like shuttling through the network.
1993, eight scientists who lived in the isolated "Biosphere 2" for two years walked out of this artificial small world safely, marking the first attempt of the American "Biosphere 2" program.
End of inspection;
1993, the United States included the information superhighway in the * * * construction plan, and at one time the information superhighway became the most interesting topic in the world;
1994, the Three Gorges Project of the Yangtze River, which was selected as the world super project together with the English Channel Tunnel Project, the Hong Kong New Airport Project and the Middle East Peace Pipeline Diversion Project, officially started.
1In June, 1995, the American space shuttle Atlantis successfully docked with the Russian Mir space station, which indicated that international cooperation among human beings in space activities was becoming a trend.
On February 24th, 1997, Dolly the sheep came out and the clone helped me.
What laws are closely related to daily life?
What subjects are closely related to life in the university? I don't know what kind of life-related you mean.
To say that chemical biology, economy, politics and philosophy are all related.
Chemical biology tends to involve common sense and so on superficially.
Economic and political philosophy is often closely related to its own value and self-realization.
If you want to have a simple understanding of the most general related phonetics, you can study college students' psychology.