Uremia is generally considered to be caused by kidney problems, such as renal failure, but it is also related to diabetes. If diabetic patients ignore this point and do not actively treat and prevent it, they may develop diabetic nephropathy in the future. So, how does diabetes develop into uremia? What should I do in my life to prevent kidney disease?
No matter what disease the human body suffers from, it doesn't break out at once. As far as the most common diseases in people's lives are concerned, a cold attack will also go through a process. The premise of catching a cold is that you are exposed to germs, infected, or caught a cold or caught a cold before. If preventive measures are not taken in time, symptoms related to colds will gradually break out. In fact, the development of uremia also has a certain process, and the neglect of patients is precisely the inducement to aggravate kidney damage.
1, not easy to detect in the early stage.
At this stage, the human body does not feel anything abnormal on the surface, but when the glomerular filtration rate is checked, the value will increase obviously. This is actually the initial manifestation of renal function changes, but the body has no abnormal feeling, so this stage is also the most easily overlooked.
2. Continue to develop and get worse.
At this stage, the human body still does not feel any abnormal reaction, but after entering the second stage, the urinary protein excretion level will change. At rest, the load borne by human body is relatively light, and the urinary protein excretion rate will remain at a normal level. However, if patients exercise, or their body functions are affected by some factors, and there is a stress reaction, the urinary protein excretion rate will increase, which means that renal function is abnormal.
3. Enter the early stage of nephropathy.
This stage is the early stage of diabetic nephropathy and the third stage of the transformation from diabetes to uremia. At this stage, patients will obviously feel abnormal, especially when doing urine test, they will find that urine contains a small amount of urine protein, but because the content does not reach a certain level, the routine examination results will still be negative. However, patients should pay attention to the fact that once they cross the first and second stages and enter the third stage, the damage to the kidney becomes irreversible.
4. The symptoms of clinical nephropathy are obvious.
At this stage, that is, the fourth stage of diabetic nephropathy, the clinical abnormalities in all aspects of the patient's body are more obvious. First of all, there will be a lot of proteinuria in the urine, and the daily urinary protein excretion can reach more than 3.5g, resulting in a large loss of nutrients. Secondly, there are bubbles in the urine and urine, and the bubbles cannot dissipate on their own for a long time. Some patients even have high blood pressure and systemic edema.
5. End-stage renal disease is life-threatening.
This stage is the fifth stage of diabetic nephropathy and the most serious stage in the whole course. The most obvious physical manifestations of uremia patients are anemia, abnormal physical condition caused by malnutrition, high blood pressure level and severe edema. After entering this stage, the patient's condition is more dangerous, and the renal function is abnormal, which makes the whole body vascular endothelial function disorder and causes cardiovascular complications, and requires dialysis treatment.
Both diabetic patients and patients with developing kidney disease should actively adjust their diet, so as to control the progress of the disease and reduce the possibility of kidney disease. So for diabetics, what should they pay attention to in their diet if they want to avoid kidney disease?
Don't eat too sweet food.
For diabetics, if we can quit sugar as soon as possible, we can avoid the burden of excessive sugar intake and aggravate the symptoms. Ice cream, various sweets, chocolates, cakes and other sweets. A lot of sugar will be used in the production process, whether it is sucrose or sugar additives, which will increase the risk of blood sugar increase after intake, which is not conducive to patients' sugar control.
In addition, sugar intake should also be controlled in the daily diet. For example, drinking porridge, soup, soybean milk and milk, some people think that these foods are too light and tasteless. To adjust the taste, a small amount of sugar is added. As everyone knows, the addition of this sugar will also increase the risk of elevated blood sugar and hinder sugar control.
I suggest you don't take any chances, and don't think that controlling sugar intake can prevent blood sugar from rising. Most foods in daily life will cause sugar to rise, especially foods rich in carbohydrates. If the intake of carbohydrates exceeds the human body's needs, the blood sugar level will be abnormal and even aggravate the condition. Therefore, for diabetics, it is best not to touch sugary foods.
2. Don't eat too greasy food.
We can't deny that fried food is really more fragrant and delicious. For example, traditional breakfast fried dough sticks, stir-fried corners, fried crisp meat, fried hairtail, and French fries hamburgers that children love. After frying, the skin of the food is golden and crisp, which is not only more likely to arouse people's appetite, but also very enjoyable to eat. However, for diabetics, no matter how delicious these foods are, they are also taboo.
Fried food needs a lot of oil to make it crisp and delicious, but in the process of frying, food will also absorb a lot of oil. If you eat this kind of food regularly, the cholesterol content in the human body will inevitably increase, which is very unfavorable for the control of blood lipids. Once the blood lipid level exceeds a certain standard, the vascular burden will increase, which may also cause hypertension.
In addition to fried foods, foods that are rich in oil themselves can't be eaten, such as animal offal. Some people think that "where to eat, where to make up", if the kidney is abnormal, it is necessary to make up with the kidney of an animal. As we all know, the kidneys of animals not only contain high fat, but also affect the balance of blood lipids, and the purine content is rich, which is easy to increase uric acid and cause adverse effects on the kidneys. Therefore, animal viscera is not suitable for diabetics.
Don't eat salty food.
I believe everyone has heard that eating too salty can easily lead to high blood pressure. Although salt is a necessary substance for the normal operation of human body, if it exceeds the intake standard, it will affect blood pressure, which is very unfavorable for diabetic patients who are controlling the development of the disease.
In addition, if the blood pressure is not controlled for a long time, the burden of renal blood vessels will increase under the continuous high pressure environment, and then the blood vessels will harden. Once the renal vascular sclerosis, renal lesions, resulting in abnormal function, then the distance between patients and uremia, not far away.
Both diabetic patients and diabetic nephropathy patients should control their salt intake. In the ideal state of not taking any extra salty food, the daily salt intake of diabetic patients should be controlled within 4g to avoid the adverse effects caused by excessive salt.
4. Don't touch alcohol, especially white wine.
Many people in life have the habit of drinking, especially men who often socialize. Drinking at the dinner table is inevitable. But if you have been diagnosed with diabetes, you should stay away from alcohol completely in your later life.
In order to control sugar, diabetics will inevitably take some hypoglycemic drugs. If they have the habit of drinking alcohol in their life, then alcohol will hinder the hypoglycemic drugs from playing their role and reduce the efficacy of the drugs. From the point of view that patients need to take medicine for a long time, it must be alcohol-free.
Another problem is that drinking alcohol will raise blood sugar, and the alcohol concentration of liquor is generally higher than other kinds of liquor, which is likely to aggravate the symptoms of diabetic patients after drinking alcohol. Therefore, from the point of view of controlling the development of the disease, it is not recommended for diabetic patients to drink alcohol.
1, exercise properly
Keeping good exercise habits can not only improve bone strength and maintain muscle strength, but also reduce body fat content and improve cardiopulmonary function. Of course, it is also helpful to control blood sugar levels. The stronger the ability of muscles in human body to use glucose, the easier it is for patients' blood sugar to remain stable, and strengthening the muscle system will inevitably require long-term reasonable exercise.
It is suggested that diabetics should strengthen exercise in their daily life. In addition to housework, walking and other low-energy sports, it is best to increase some moderate-intensity aerobic sports, such as walking, yoga, aerobics and so on. If you persist for about half an hour every day, your physical fitness can be improved. Some studies have found that the ability to control blood sugar is obviously improved after the physical strength of diabetic patients becomes stronger. Therefore, reasonable exercise plays a key role in controlling blood sugar.
Step 2 adjust your schedule
The law of work and rest not only refers to people's sleep time, but also involves the arrangement of three meals a day. If you can't keep a regular routine, such as staying up late, hanging upside down all night, and not eating on time and in quantity, your nutrition intake can't be guaranteed, then your body will get worse and your blood sugar will not be stable.
It is suggested that diabetic patients plan their lives reasonably and try to fix the time of eating and sleeping at the same time. For example, after getting up in the morning, have breakfast at 7:00-8:00, lunch at around 12, dinner at 5:00-6:00, then do some activities properly, and sleep at least 6 to 8 hours at 9: 00-1. Keep this routine for a long time, all functions in the body work normally, and blood sugar is controlled.
Step 3 monitor blood sugar
Monitoring blood sugar changes plays an important role in controlling blood sugar in diabetic patients. Everyone needs to monitor blood sugar regularly, establish corresponding data comparison, and reduce measurement errors, especially for some patients whose blood sugar values are not up to standard, and pay more attention to monitoring blood sugar changes to avoid the adverse effects caused by abnormal blood sugar.
Generally speaking, the fasting blood glucose of diabetic patients without complications should be controlled at 4.4 ~ 7.0 mmol/L, and the postprandial blood glucose value should be controlled below10 mmol/L. Patients can record their blood glucose according to different time periods. If there is abnormal blood sugar fluctuation, you need to see a doctor for a detailed examination as soon as possible to avoid the deterioration of your condition.
Diabetic patients want to control their blood sugar and avoid the deterioration of their condition, so they need to start from many angles. Eat less salt, less oil and less sugar, and don't drink alcohol at the same time, but pay attention to adjusting work and rest, exercising properly and monitoring blood sugar regularly in life. Improving the adverse effects of diabetes is a protracted war, and it takes a long time to see the effect.