Doutard: It is the only * * * Er fingering instrument. This instrument has a soft tone and can be played solo or accompanied by tambourines.
Gerwav: It is a stringed instrument popular among ethnic minorities such as * * * and Uzbekistan. When playing, the left hand holds the neck oblique sliding string, and the right hand holds the horn piece or bamboo piece to pluck and play.
Pillow: used to play stringed instruments, its sound is sonorous and pleasing to the ear, which is very unique. Temple is often used as a solo instrument to accompany songs and dances in family celebrations with instruments such as Rewafu and tambourine.
Drumming: China called tambourine, which is an ancient percussion instrument, and it is widely used by Irish people. It is an indispensable instrument for ensemble and accompaniment, and its sound is crisp, which plays the role of unifying rhythm and speed in the band. It is one of the products of Persian culture spreading to the East.
Nagra: This is an opposing drum that is struck with a mallet. It is called an iron drum in Chinese. Mainly used for grand festivals and weddings. It cooperates with suona to create a cheerful atmosphere, which makes people dance uncontrollably.
Question 2: What minority musical instruments are there in Xinjiang?
The ethnic groups of Xinjiang, such as * * * Er, Kazak and Kirgiz, have created musical instruments with strong national characteristics, such as Temple, Dongbula, Dafu, Rewafu, Dutar and Komuzi, and these musical instruments are of high technical level.
marble
Pinball is a plucked instrument of She nationality. The piano body is slender, made of high-quality wood, with a long handle and decorative patterns inlaid with bones, which is very beautiful. Spring cow's speaker is shaped like a ladle, with five strings, bent into a dial with steel wire and fingered on the fingernail of the right index finger. Its timbre is clear and pleasant, and it is mostly used for solo or accompaniment. When playing, sit on your lap or stand on your chest, hold the piano rod with your left hand and slide it to press the strings, and pluck the strings on the piano box with your right hand.
Dombrat
It is the most popular and popular plucked instrument among Kazaks. This piano is shaped like a pear and has two strings. Playing with the right hand, the timbre is sonorous and beautiful. Most of them are made of a whole piece of wood, which consists of three parts: head, stem and body. The piano body is made of Sang Mu, red willow or birch. There are two strings, usually made of sheep intestines. There are eight phonemes, 1 1 and 13, which are divided into high, medium and low tones. When playing, you can press the string with your left hand and pluck it with your right hand. Can be solo, but also for poetry, duets, all kinds of folk accompaniment. This instrument is light and has a good sound quality. Some are exquisitely carved and inlaid, and are made by special craftsmen. Where there are tents, there are Dombrat's music, and there are Kazakh songs. Almost every dongbula music has a beautiful folk story, which is very touching to play and sing. Kazakhs in Xinjiang like to dance a folk dance called "Hala Jiaolega", accompanied by Dombrat. Mongolian men, women and children in Xinjiang are good at singing and dancing, and traditional dances include "climbing sand", "Diane" and "brewing dance". These kinds of dances mostly use "shaking shoulders" and "horse stance just look", with strong sense of rhythm, rough and wild performance style and strong grassland flavor.
Daifuku
That is, tambourine is a percussion instrument played by ethnic groups such as * * *, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The drum frame is made of mulberry wood, with one side wrapped in sheepskin, donkey skin or python skin, round and flat, and many small copper rings or iron rings are installed on the inner edge of the frame. There are three kinds of specifications, large, medium and small, which are widely used in Zhongfu. When playing, both hands alternately beat drums to pronounce. Because of the different fingering and drumming positions, it can make various sounds such as "Dong", "Pa", "Beat" and "Wave". When playing, the vibrating iron ring rustles, crisp and loud. It is an indispensable percussion instrument for ensemble and accompaniment of * * * Er band. There is also a tambourine, which is an accompaniment instrument used in Muqam singing and folk singing.
Nagra
That is, the iron drum, known as "Nagala" in Qing Dynasty, is a percussion instrument of the * * * Er nationality. There are two kinds, one is round belly and the other is thick on the top and thin on the bottom. This is a pair of drums, one big and one small. Nagra drum looks like a flowerpot, and its surface is covered with camel skin or cowhide. Six nagra as a group, each group is divided into three groups, two in each group, with a difference of 54 degrees. If there is a happy event in Xinjiang, please ask musicians to play Nagara and preach suona to increase the cheerful atmosphere. It is an indispensable folk percussion instrument in festive festivals. The sound travels far and wide, and is mostly used for band ensemble. Adding nagra to warm and cheerful music not only enhances the warm atmosphere, but also has a unique national style.
Every festive festival, the team members will climb the roof, knock on the cheerful Nagra, play the suona, dance with the drums and dance the crazy Sama dance. This kind of drumming not only adds a warm atmosphere to the festival, but also has a unique national style.
The shell of nagra drum is made of pig iron in a special mold. The drum is cylindrical with a wide top and a narrow bottom. Its upper part is stretched with stretched donkey skin or calf leather. After the skin is tightened and fixed with a rope, a new nagra drum is made.
Nagra drums can be divided into three types according to their size: large (rough tone), medium (hoarse tone) and small (sharp tone). Its height is about 20-35 cm, and the drum surface diameter is 25-40 cm. The sound quality of Navela drums can be improved by baking with fire or drying in the sun. You can also spray water or wet the drum surface with water to make it thick and hoarse.
Justal
* * * Er national stringed instruments. Hushitar means melodious strings. Popular in Urumqi and other places in Xinjiang. It was developed by Toursunjiang of Xinjiang Art School in the early 1970s with reference to the ancient musical instrument "Asta" (Persian, meaning eight strings). ......& gt& gt
Question 3: What kinds of musical instruments are there in Xinjiang? Musical Instruments-* * Er Musical Instruments: The plucked instruments mainly include the plectrum, Gerwav, Doutard and Kalongqin, and the stringed instruments mainly include Ai Jieke, Kuhitar and Sattar. Jingyang (suona) means (flute). Percussion instruments mainly include Dafu, Nagra, Tashi (stone), wooden spoon, dulcimer and tambourine.
Kazakh musical instruments: Kazakh music is very distinctive and the types of musical instruments are quite rich. Playing the musical instrument Dongbula is the most popular musical instrument of Kazak people.
The musical instrument represented by Kubuz sounds like a violin, but its shape is more complicated than the violin. Its upper end is bent inward, its abdomen is like a spoon, its abdomen is open, its back is covered with sheepskin, and its strings are made of ponytail or beef tendon.
The main musical instrument is Sibuzike, which is well used by folk artists and is known as the "heart flute". This instrument is shaped like a clarinet and plays melodiously and softly.
There are also many percussion instruments of Kazak nationality, and Aditoyak is the most distinctive one. This percussion instrument is composed of two pairs, which strike each other when playing and are shaped like horseshoes. In addition, the effect of playing is called "horseshoe sound" by Kazaks.
Question 4: What are the traditional musical instruments of Xinjiang * * * Er nationality? Doutard is the only fingering instrument in Xinjiang Uygur nationality. This instrument has a soft tone and can be played solo or accompanied by tambourines. Rewafu: It is a popular plucked instrument of Xinjiang, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and other ethnic minorities. When playing, the left hand holds the neck oblique sliding string, and the right hand holds the horn piece or bamboo piece to pluck and play.
Question 5: Are there any famous musical instruments and songs in Xinjiang? Musical Instruments-* * Er Musical Instruments: The plucked instruments mainly include the plectrum, Gerwav, Doutard and Kalongqin, and the stringed instruments mainly include Ai Jieke, Kuhitar and Sattar. Jingyang (suona) means (flute). Percussion instruments mainly include Dafu, Nagra, Tashi (stone), wooden spoon, dulcimer and tambourine.
Kazakh musical instruments: Kazakh music is very distinctive and the types of musical instruments are quite rich. Playing the musical instrument Dongbula is the most popular musical instrument of Kazak people.
The musical instrument represented by Kubuz sounds like a violin, but its shape is more complicated than the violin. Its upper end is bent inward, its abdomen is like a spoon, its abdomen is open, its back is covered with sheepskin, and its strings are made of ponytail or beef tendon.
The main musical instrument is Sibuzike, which is well used by folk artists and is known as the "heart flute". This instrument is shaped like a clarinet and plays melodiously and softly.
There are also many percussion instruments of Kazak nationality, and Aditoyak is the most distinctive one. This percussion instrument is composed of two pairs, which strike each other when playing and are shaped like horseshoes. In addition, the effect of playing is called "horseshoe sound" by Kazaks.
Song title: Song of Bussel (Jirentai) Miss You (Meng Gen) Love Song (Tuliga Tuan) Red, green and full of flowers (Tuliga Tuan) Benbujiang River (Tuliga Tuan) and Booker River (En and Bajiad) Black-eyed (En and Bajiad) Pale Mother (En and Bajiad) Living World (En and Bajiad)
Question 6: What musical instrument is used to play Xinjiang dance music? You mean it comes from the summer life guide, right?
"minuet": clavichord (photo 1)
Jujube: suona (Figure 4)
Birds in the Shadow: Flute (Figure 2)
Xinjiang Dance No.2: Piano (Figure 3
Question 7: What national musical instruments are there in China, which are unique to China? At present, there are Qin, Zheng, Xiao, Di, Erhu, Pipa, Sizhu and Drum. It is a popular musical instrument representing the traditional music culture of China.
National musical instruments are unique to China.
pre-Qin period
According to the unearthed cultural relics and documents, the musical instruments in the pre-Qin period included drums, pipa, local drums, Ying, Tian, Xiangu, Zhong, Yong, Nan, Ju, Qing, Bian, Ling, Ya, Zhu and He. In primitive society, the appearance of musical instruments is closely related to myths and legends, praying for gods and offering sacrifices, folk dances and working life. After entering the class society, musical instruments are mainly used for the entertainment of rulers in addition to religious and ceremonial occasions. In the production of musical instruments, it is exquisite and luxurious, and the scale is getting bigger and bigger, such as Lu Chunqiu? "Luxury Music" contains: "Xia Jie, especially because of luxury music, the sound of drums, bells, bells, flutes and flutes is magnificent and beautiful, and people can watch it; M is a strange rose, unheard of by ears, unseen by eyes. Pass by, don't measure. "
Qin and Han Dynasties to Wei and Jin Dynasties
At that time, the main musical instruments were Zheng, Pipa (with Qin and Ruan Xian), flute, square ring and graceful instrument (that is, lying graceful and restrained). Zheng, pipa and flute are all accompaniment instruments of "Song of Harmony". During this historical period, a large number of foreign musical instruments were absorbed. For example, with the introduction of drum music, wind instruments such as trumpet, horn, alto, long tone and Qiangdi were also used. Due to the communication with western culture, the imported musical instruments mainly include vertical pipa, Persian pipa (Quxiang Pipa) and hairpin. Harp is also a Persian musical instrument, which was introduced to China in Wei and Jin Dynasties. According to Liang Shu's records, Quxiang Pipa was introduced to Gansu through India and Xinjiang around 350 AD? Jian Wendi's biography was introduced to the south at least in 55 1 year (Southern and Northern Dynasties).
Sui and Tang musical instruments
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, due to the further exchange of western cultures, the number of musical instruments increased dramatically. Especially drum instruments, this may be due to the development of song and dance music. There are more than 30 kinds of percussion instruments, such as brass cymbals, bangzi, festival drums, staff drums, waist drums, feather drums, fork drums, qi drums, shoulder drums, Jie drums, single altar drums, Maoyuan drums, Ala drums and Jilou drums. There are more than 20 kinds of stringed instruments, such as solo, three-stringed instrument, musical instrument, rolling Zheng, bagpipes, five-stringed pipa and Xiqin. There are more than 20 kinds of wind instruments, such as flute, upright flute, fork flute, Taiping pipe and Taopi hairpin. The important changes of musical instruments in this period were the appearance of stringed instruments, Zheng and Xiqin, which opened up a new field of musical instrument performance.
Song Yuan Ming Qing Dynasty
During this period, stringed instruments have changed and developed significantly. After the Western Qin Dynasty, the ponytail huqin appeared in the Song Dynasty. There are more than 50 kinds of stringed instruments, such as Hu Qin, Da Ruan, Banjo, Yueqin, Hulu Qin, Bohai Qin, Hobbes, Er Xian, Dambra, Quitard, Labarbe, Violin, Kazak and dulcimer (in fact, there are more than these kinds of stringed instruments among the people). During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, wind instruments were introduced into the suona (also known as Jinkou, Surnai and Gena) from the north, which once again brought about great changes according to the combination of drum music, further enriching the performance of drum music from timbre, volume and style. Suona was originally used in military music. For example, Wang Pan wrote the Sanqu "Chao Di" in Mr. Wang Xilou's Yuefu in Ming Dynasty? Chant the trumpet: "trumpet, blah, turn it down and speak louder. The official ship is in a mess." Watch the price increase yourself. " The army listens to the army, and the people listen to the people's fear. What are you going to do there? I saw it blow through this house and hurt that one. Let's blow the water away! According to Wang Xie's "History of the Three Kingdoms", suona has been applied to the people in the Ming Dynasty.
Timing instrument
(1) percussion instruments: Ding Dong, xylophone, rhyme board, Keno bamboo tube, bamboo tube, gong, suona, single, bronze drum and so on.
(2) percussion instruments: sticks, bronze mirrors, bamboo poles, bamboo poles, cymbals, cloth cymbals, cymbals, cymbals, cymbals, cymbals and cymbals.
(3) Falling percussion instruments: music pestle, bamboo rammer, bamboo tube, Yao bamboo tube, Aga, etc.
(4) Rock-and-beat musical instruments: Lianxiang Stick, Sabayi, Rebaling Bell, Bell, Diamond Bell, Yao Bell, Shaman Bell, Ring Bell, String Bell, Bronze Bell, Babel Bronze Bell, Teacher's Knife, etc.
(5) Comprehensive musical instruments: bamboo spring, dance, iron spring, Xibo iron spring and so on.
Moming musical instrument
(1) Clam percussion instruments: drum, Zhuang's seed worker, Yao's drum, Shui's drum, Sedu, Xiaodou, Guanggu, Jifujiang, Yao's monkey drum, Miao's monkey drum, waist drum, Bangu, pig's mouth drum, ... >; & gt
Question 8: What kind of musical instruments are Xinjiang musical instruments? "Du Ta 'er" has a clear and melodious voice, and it is the only folk stringed instrument that Xinjiang * * * er and Kazak people like. Its name comes from the Persian word dutar, which means "two" and "Ta 'er" means "string", that is, a double stringed instrument. Chinese transliteration is also written as "Doutard, Doutard and Doutard".
Musical instrument Doutard, Xinjiang Zu Er Musical Instrument (Figure)
Tan-Guitar/Poem of the Moon /6 13 1
Question 9: Xinjiang's unique folk musical instruments start with musical instruments;
(1) percussion instruments:
There are two kinds of naggola drums, one is round and the other is thick on the top and thin on the bottom. If anyone in Xinjiang has a happy event, please ask musicians to play Nagura and preach suona to increase the cheerful atmosphere.
Tambourine, the most common national musical instrument.
The medium-sized tambourine is smaller than the tambourine, and the girls play drums while dancing.
Tambourine, similar to tambourine, is different in that there are many small iron plates around the drum, which can make the sound of "flowers". Women also use it.
Wooden spoon: two spoons, hit back to back, can make a crisp sound, mostly used for accompaniment.
Dulcimer: It is no different from our common dulcimer.
(2) stringed instruments:
Zhiwav: The top of the piano is curved, and the piano body is semicircular. The most common musical instrument, played by hand. Can be used for solo and ensemble. It is the most important musical instrument of * *.
Doutard: The bridge is very long and the piano is semi-oval. Musical instruments played by hand are very common among the people, and almost every family has "Doutard".
Ai Jieke: The round piano body is like a wooden ball with an inverted crescent-shaped steel plate at the lower end for fixing the legs. Play with a bow, solo or chorus.
Violin: It's the same as our common violin.
(3) Playing musical instruments:
Suona: One of the most common musical instruments and one of the characteristics of Xinjiang ~
There are many special wines in Xinjiang ~ As a veritable Xinjiang native, it is necessary for me to introduce them in detail:
1, raisins: gold, green, rose. Pure color and unique flavor, rich in natural fructose, protein, vitamins, cellulose and various trace elements such as iron, potassium, calcium and phosphorus. When buying, you should distinguish whether there are additives and pigments. The method of distinguishing whether there is color is simple. Put it in water and knead it gently. If the water in the cup has obvious discoloration, it proves to be pigmented. Don't buy such raisins, let alone eat them.
2. Apricot buns: Preserved apricots are beautiful in color, soft in meat, sweet and sour, and full of color, fragrance and taste, maintaining the natural color and nutrients of fresh apricots. Don't eat apricot buns that are only sweet but not sour, because apricot buns are often processed with alcohol, so it is normal to have sour taste, otherwise it is only sweet, so pay attention to quality.
3. Dried apricots: there are sour dried apricots, white sweet dried apricots (dried in the sun) and black sweet dried apricots (dried in the shade). Sweet (slightly sour), soft and hot, it has the functions of promoting blood circulation, invigorating qi and increasing calories, and is rich in protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron and vitamin C. It has the characteristics of big head, thick meat and sweet taste. Don't eat dried apricots with insect excrement. Dried apricots with live insects can be eaten Throw away the live worms and eat dried apricots. Dried apricots with insects in them cannot be eaten.
4, sour apricot preserved: sour and sweet, especially refreshing, long fragrance, as well as the role of promoting fluid production to quench thirst and relieve summer heat, and contains protease, calcium, iron, potassium and so on. Is a natural and healthy snack food.
5. small ginkgo: The seed kernel contains a lot of trace elements and effective components such as ginkgolic acid, hydrogenated ginkgolic acid and ginkgolic acid. Apricot stones are specially treated, and each one is fragrant when opened, much like the taste of pine nuts.
6. The original almond has extremely high nutritional value, and its nutrition is 6 times higher than that of beef with the same weight. Nut contains vegetable oil, protein eggs, starch, a small amount of vitamins A, b 1, b2, digestive enzymes, almond enzymes, almonds, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium, and at the same time contains trace elements such as iron and cobalt 18, which is a good health-care product.
7. Bing Mei: The meat is soft, and it is better to be big, heavy and thick. Tianshan green pollution-free food, sweet and sour, helps digestion of spleen and stomach, and resists aging.
8. Tianshan ebony: alkaline food, which contains a lot of organic acids, is quickly converted into alkaline substances beneficial to people after being absorbed by the intestinal wall. Among the organic acids of ebony, there is a kind of citric acid, which can promote the secretion of gastric acid, thus making indigestion abdominal distension disappear. In addition, the organic acids contained in dark plum have a strong killing effect on pathogenic bacteria such as mold invading gastrointestinal tract. After exercise and labor, I feel tired because of the accumulation of too many acidic substances in my muscles. If you eat some dark plum, you can effectively decompose the fatigue substances such as lactic acid and pyrogenic acid existing in muscles, so that your physical strength can recover quickly.
9. Hami jujube: It is one of the tributes given to the Qing court by Hami kings in previous dynasties. It won the championship with its big head, thin skin, thick meat, sweet juice and small core. Especially the five castles ... >>