China's sportsmanship is law-abiding, winning glory for our country, selfless dedication, scientific and realistic, united and cooperative, and tenacious struggle.
Discuss the traditional sports spirit of China in the history of sports?
It shows the traditional spirit of noble families.
What are the traditional sports in China?
Wushu boxing and the use of weapons are traditional sports in China. Also known as martial arts or martial arts. Its content is to combine kicking, hitting, throwing, taking, falling, hitting, chopping, stabbing and other actions into various offensive and defensive fighting techniques, routines and unarmed equipment single-potential exercises according to certain rules. Wushu has an extremely broad mass base and is a valuable cultural heritage accumulated and enriched by the people of China in the long-term social practice. Wrestling is one of the sports in which two people embrace each other and win by falling down with their own strength and skills. Wrestling is an ancient Olympic sport, and only male athletes can participate. It is said that there were similar wrestling competitions in China thousands of years ago, but the recorded competitions can be traced back to 708 BC. Wrestling was the main event of the ancient Olympic Games, when athletes were oiled and competed in the sand. The first modern Olympic Games was held in 1896 in Athens, Greece. At that time, wrestling was listed as a formal event. Today's greco-Roman wrestling can be said to be the reappearance of ancient Greek and Roman wrestling. Lion dance is an excellent folk art in China. Whenever the Lantern Festival or the * * * celebration, people always come to the lion dance to entertain. This custom originated in the Three Kingdoms period and was popular in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. It has a history of 1000 years. Archery is to use the elasticity of archery to help the bow shoot an arrow and compete accurately within a certain distance. As far back as/kloc-0,000,000 years ago in the Middle Stone Age, humans invented bows and arrows to hunt and fish. After a long time, the bow and arrow was one of the weapons used in the war. Now the bow and arrow exists as a favorite sport. Dragon Boat Dragon Boat is a boat painted with the shape of a dragon or Jackie Chan. Dragon boat race is a traditional folk water sport and entertainment project in China, which has been circulating for more than two thousand years. It is mostly held on festive festivals, and it is a multi-person collective rowing competition. According to historical records, the dragon boat race started in memory of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. It can be seen that dragon boat racing is not only a kind of sports and entertainment, but also reflects the patriotism and collectivism in people's hearts. Diabolo Diabolo is a wonderful flower in China's national cultural park. Diabolo was called "Hu Knock" in ancient times, also called "Earth Bell", "Empty Bell" and "Wind Gourd", and Jinan was commonly called "Old Cow". Diabolo has a long history in China, and the record of diabolo was first seen in the Xuannian period of the Northern Song Dynasty, which has a history of nearly a thousand years. According to reports, Song Jiang felt something when he saw people doing mischief, and wrote a poem: "A low voice and a high voice are loud and clear. There are many heroic forces in the air, and none of them are in vain. " Diabolo was originally a palace plaything, but later it spread to the people and became popular. Especially in the north of China, it was once deeply loved by urban and rural people and became a well-known fitness and entertainment toy. Polo polo, known as "bow" and "hitting the ball" in history, is a sport of riding on horseback and hitting a wooden ball with a long-handled mallet. Mongolian folk horse racing is very popular in Inner Mongolia and other places. Blowing and bending, which originated from the "stepping ball" in the Tang Dynasty, is very similar to modern hockey. However, in the Song Dynasty, the kick ball gradually evolved from the initial antagonistic competition to the non-antagonistic competition, and the goal was cancelled. It's time to use the hole. The ball scored a point. The form of the competition has changed and the name has also changed. It's called "Blowing Pills". "Beat" means playing, and "pill" means ball. The word "Cuju" first appeared in Historical Records and Biography of Su Qin. When Su Qin lobbied Qi Xuanwang, he described Lin Miao as "rich and practical, and all its people are players who play poles, drums and bows". Cuju is also called "kicking", "cuqiu", "kicking round", "making ball" and "kicking round", in which "kicking" means kicking with the feet and "cuju" means kicking the ball with the feet. It is an ancient sport in China, which has three forms: direct confrontation, indirect confrontation and beating in vain. Chess has a long history in ancient China, and it has a variety of chess skills. "chess" is also called "chess" "Yi" is the oldest title of Go. It is common in pre-Qin classics, but the word "qu" is rare. Up to now, the earliest written record of Go is Zuo Zhuan. Twenty-five years of "xianggong": "Now it's better to play chess than to stare at you. Why not?" The player was indecisive and finally got right, but what was the situation? "This is inevitable." According to the earliest written records, Weiqi originated in China before the mid-Spring and Autumn Period. There are different opinions about the origin of China chess: some think it originated from Shennong in ancient legend; Some think it originated from the legendary yellow emperor; Some people think that it originated from Zhou Wuwang: "Chess is made by itself, its method of advancing and retreating, the method of attacking and defending, the sun, the moon and the stars ... >>"
What are the traditional sports in China?
Just a rare one! !
[pearl ball]
Pearl ball is a traditional Manchu sport, which evolved from imitating the labor of pearl pickers.
The competition will be held in a venue (water division, blockade area and land division) with a length of 28 meters and a width of 15 meters, with 6 players in each team. The game is divided into two halves, each half 15 minutes, and the middle 10 minutes.
During the competition, there are three players from each side in the water area who are responsible for attacking or defending. Attackers can pass, hit, roll and dribble in any direction in order to score points for players standing in the division of the team. There are two opposing players with clams (rackets) in the blockade area, who use actions such as blocking, blocking, clamping and pressing to prevent the attacking players from throwing the ball into the net. Each team has 1 players who have the activity of copying the net in the division, trying to copy (pick up) the pearls (balls) thrown by their own players with the net. One point is scored for every goal scored. The team that scores more points is the winning team within the specified competition time.
The shell of the ball is made of leather or rubber, and the inner container is filled. The surface should be pearl (white). The circumference of the ball is 54-56cm and the weight is 300-325g g. The racket is clam-shaped and made of tough resin material. The net-copying pocket is round, with an inner diameter of 25 cm.
Pearl ball, a national sports activity, comes from life and is vivid and colorful. On the court, the attack and defense go back and forth, the silver ball flies back and forth, the four clams open and close, and a pair of nets catch frequently ... it is intense, wonderful and dazzling. Pearl ball, the pearl of national sports, closely combines the pride of sports with the beauty of life and work.
It is best to list the titles that can reflect the spirit of sports, with a brief introduction of 5 points.
New vision of sports
Introduction: From 1990 to now, it has been 20 years since the National College Students' Sports Research Paper Report sponsored by China College Students' Athletics Association. In the past 20 years, thanks to the joint efforts of members of the Scientific Research Committee of China University Athletics Association and consulting experts, and the active support of teachers from member schools and universities all over the country, the paper report has developed from a single track and field scientific report to a comprehensive academic research garden, and a series of academic research achievements have been launched one after another, resulting in a large number of young and middle-aged sports scholars. In order to commemorate the 20-year development of the Association for Science and Technology, a number of representative cutting-edge research achievements were selected from more than 300 scientific research papers submitted by nearly 100 PE teachers and workers in 20 10, edited into books and displayed to readers, so as to promote the continuous development of sports scientific research level in colleges and universities.
Looking back on the ups and downs of these 20 years, there are always some things that people will remember vividly: in 2003, the 13 science and technology conference was held in Qingdao University, and we happened to meet the once-in-a-century SARS, and we didn't stop; In 2004, 14 science fair was held in Jiangxi Normal University. Faced with the difficulty of accommodation in the tourist season, we didn't give up lightly. In 2005, he held the 15 Science Press Conference in Chang 'an University, married the China-Korea Sports Forum for the first time, invited the editor-in-chief of sports academic magazines to attend the conference, and instructed teachers to publish academic achievements. In 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009, popular science press conferences were held in Jilin University, Yunnan University for Nationalities, Guiyang Medical College and Hainan Normal University respectively. The number of participating schools remained at 100, and the number of representatives reached more than 150. The participants were enthusiastic and brought their latest research results and achieved gratifying results.
Sports competition
Introduction: Sports competition is an important course for the majors of physical education, social sports and sports training, and occupies an important position in the curriculum of physical education departments in colleges and universities in China. Sports Competition is a book for students majoring in physical education, social sports and sports training. It is carefully compiled by the teaching material compilation team of the Research Association of Physical Education Textbooks and Teaching Methods in Southwest China (Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing) according to the teaching plan, teaching objectives, teaching contents, teaching hours and assessment requirements of higher physical education institutions in four southwestern provinces and cities. In the process of compiling this textbook, the needs of social development, the regional characteristics of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing and the actual situation of physical education are fully considered, and the teaching practice of students learning, mastering and applying the basic theories and methods of sports competitions for many years is summarized. On the basis of inheriting the advantages of textbooks published by predecessors in different periods, it focuses on absorbing the advanced theory and practical experience in the field of sports competitions at home and abroad. This textbook is based on the actual needs of cultivating physical education, social sports and sports training professionals in the new century, focusing on embodying new theories, new concepts and new methods of sports competitions, adhering to naturalistic and pragmatic educational ideas, focusing on the combination of theory and practice, and solidly cultivating students' practical work ability in planning, organizing and implementing sports competitions. Adhere to reform and development, highlight the scientific, systematic, educational and contemporary nature of teaching materials, select, improve and expand the teaching material system, personnel training, teaching content and competition methods, so that students can adapt to the actual needs of future social development and social sports work.
College student physical education
Introduction:
According to the characteristics of physical education class's practicality and participation, physical education class, a college student, fully embodies the intuition of the content, helps readers to establish the awareness of exercise, teaches readers the methods of exercise, and realizes the transformation from body to health. Physical education class, a college student, consists of two parts: theory class and practice class. Theoretical contents include sports and life, sports and society, sports and health, physical exercise and physical health evaluation, organization and arrangement of sports competitions; Practical articles include sports, basketball, volleyball and football, table tennis, badminton and tennis, national traditional sports and leisure sports. In order to improve readers' understanding and knowledge of sports, three appendices are provided at the end of the book. College Students' Physical Education is a physical education class textbook for colleges and universities, and it can also be used as a training textbook for sports events and a self-study reference book for physical exercise. It is best to use video teaching materials for college students' physical education.
Advanced course of modern track and field training
Introduction:
"Track and field special training" is a key course generally offered by physical education departments in China, with a considerable proportion of class hours. However, for a long time, it has not been specifically targeted at the Institute of Physical Education. & gt
What are the sportsmanship?
Friendship first, competition second;
Higher, faster and stronger.
What are the traditional sports in China?
When it comes to "traditional sports", most people will naturally associate it with "martial arts". At most, some sports activities may be added, such as archery, wrestling, Qigong, * * *, Baduanjin and Yijinjing (including health care sports). In fact, this understanding seems to be not comprehensive and scientific enough. It should be understood as: the sports activities handed down from ancient times by all ethnic groups in China (including sports created by all ethnic groups themselves and gradually evolved by absorbing relevant contents from other ethnic groups and foreign countries), that is, all the contents contained and handed down from ancient sports history.
At present, there are different views on how to classify traditional sports. There are two main classification methods:
(1) Dichotomy:
It can be divided into static sports (such as Qigong, * * *, gargling, diet and hygiene habits, including Tai Ji Chuan, Yijinjing, Baduanjin, chess, etc. ) and dynamic exercise (mostly characterized by intense physical activity).
(2) trigonometry:
(1) Military sports. Including martial arts (martial arts), archery, wrestling, cuju, clapping, hook boxing and so on. , all from or related to military skills;
② Physical activities to keep fit. Including repercussive dance, introduction, qigong, health preservation, wuqinxi, manual labor, Tai Ji Chuan, feeding, hygiene habits and other projects;
③ Recreational and game sports. Dance, acrobatics, chess, dragon boats, swings and other ethnic folk games and sports activities. Not only fitness, but also entertainment.
Of course, there are also unclear boundaries and both attributes. The latter classification seems to be more subtle and more real.
No matter what kind of division, it shows that traditional sports have an important historical position in the historical development of sports in China. Many sports in traditional sports, such as Wushu, Qigong, boxing, wrestling and other fitness activities, still maintain strong vitality, which shows the great contribution of traditional sports to human sports.
● The origin of traditional sports
Sports is one of the contents of human social activities. Like other cultural activities, it originated from primitive people's productive labor and other social practices, and has been continuously developed and improved with the evolution of society.
The emergence and development of sports depends on the social material living conditions, and first of all depends on the development of economic production. Due to the extremely poor means of production and extremely low productivity, the primitive sports form has more prominent and direct dependence on the economy, and its activities are not only closely related to production activities, but also relatively narrow under the primitive constraints of people's material production and life in primitive society. So we can only see some sports factors from production activities and other social activities.
With the development of primitive commune system, the knowledge, thoughts and feelings obtained by human beings from productive labor practice are becoming more and more complicated, and the contents and manifestations of primitive sports forms are gradually enriched and diversified. And in the process of people's gradual understanding of it, it gradually sprouted in productive labor and other social practice activities.
In the primitive society with low productivity, in order to survive, human beings must rely on their own unarmed skills to fight against nature, such as running, crawling, jumping and fighting. At first, these skills originated from human instinctive activities, but with the development of productive forces, these skills gradually became purposeful and conscious activities. There are thousands of remains of deer, horses and other mammals in the cave site where China lived. It can be inferred that Beijingers have the ability to run and chase with their primitive rough wood and stone tools. From the historical records and the hunting activities of some primitive tribes in modern times, we can also see the bud of this kind of running.
The collection, hunting and life activities of primitive people are inseparable from climbing. In the Qing Dynasty, some ethnic minorities in Yunnan also had the custom of nesting. You need to climb trees to collect fruits, and you need to climb trees to live in trees, so you gradually have the skill of climbing trees. In addition to a large number of animal remains, there are a considerable number of burnt tree seeds in the site of Peking Man. Pu Shu seed is a kind of small spherical fruit, which tastes delicious. It is one of the main fruits collected by Beijingers through climbing. Another example is that the indigenous people in Taiwan Province Province are in the primitive tribal life stage of "shooting away and killing deer for work", which shows that "climbing vines to help wood" is the basic activity skill.
Up to now, there is still a kind of rattan swing in some ethnic minorities, which is developed by swinging rattan hanging from trees. This kind of rattan swing probably developed from human beings collecting fruits and grasping hanging vines to swing.
The emergence of China's hand-to-hand combat skills is also related to the production skills of primitive people's unarmed fighting animals. & gt
General Characteristics of Traditional Sports Culture in China
The main features of China's traditional culture are: attaching importance to the unity of heaven and man in the relationship between man and nature, and showing the harmony between people in the relationship between people. China's philosophy never thinks that man and nature are hostile, but that man and nature are complementary, and people should help and cooperate with each other. Emphasis is placed on the spirit of collective sacrifice, on taking righteousness as benefit, and on hard work and dedication. The concept of justice and benefit constitutes the value orientation of Confucian economic theory in production behavior. It is people's work attitude that brings out the benefits of righteousness. As early as the time of origin, hard work and professionalism were admirable virtues, which were derived from social knowledge. The so-called "people's livelihood is diligent, and diligence is not lacking." In dealing with the relationship between individuals and society, Confucian culture advocates solemn self-control, attaches importance to the influence of education, pursues skills, advocates social responsibility and hard work, and rarely emphasizes self-interest, forming the pursuit of harmonious and efficient development of groups, showing greater advantages than individualistic culture.
China's traditional culture with Confucianism as the main body is extensive and profound. Once it is combined with the positive factors of foreign culture, especially with the western ideas that reflect the development requirements of modern market economy, it can become the spiritual driving force of economic and social development. The rapid economic development of Japan and the "Four Little Dragons" in Asia is evidence. These countries and regions are in the radiation circle of Chinese culture and have an indissoluble bond with Chinese culture.
China Traditional Sports Culture and Western Competitive Sports Culture
China traditional sports culture and western competitive sports culture are two main forces in the world sports culture. Although they have different systems, forms and connotations, they are all the common wealth of mankind. The economic basis for the emergence and development of sports culture in China is the agricultural economy based on agriculture. This self-sufficient natural agricultural economy determines that China's sports culture is very closed and introverted, and its ideological core is to attach importance to the harmony between man and nature, pursue the unity of man and nature, and conform to the development of nature. Western competitive sports culture is a cultural form represented by modern Olympics. It is the product of European capitalist market economy, and it gradually matures with the emergence and development of western large-scale industry and market economic system. Nowadays, with the opening of the curtain of globalization, the communication between different cultures is increasing. Therefore, discussing the unity of opposites between Chinese and western sports cultures is of great significance for us to grasp the essence of Chinese and western sports cultures and promote the exchange of Chinese and western sports cultures.
First, the geographical background analysis of Chinese and Western sports culture
Geographical environment is a prerequisite for a nation's culture to form a certain type. Western competitive sports originated in ancient Greece, and Greek culture has a fundamental influence on modern western competitive sports. Greece is surrounded by the sea on three sides and has a mountainous territory. Most areas are not suitable for farming, but suitable for overseas trade. In this environment, the Greeks developed a national character of self-improvement, enthusiastic pursuit, active thinking and good at competition. Therefore, the western competitive sports culture has the characteristics of competitiveness and utility from the beginning. China is located in the east of the Asian continent, with oceans in the east and mountains and deserts in the northwest. The territory of nearly 6.5438+million square kilometers has formed a relatively closed environment, and an independent cultural system has been formed in such a relatively closed geographical environment. It is based on Confucianism, with benevolence, morality and ethics as the core, taking into account the thoughts of Taoism, Legalism and Buddhism. Therefore, China sports culture has a cultural tendency of emphasizing interpersonal relationships, advocating the golden mean, despising competition and valuing literature over martial arts.
Second, the analysis of the differences between Chinese and Western sports culture
(A) differences in the spiritual connotation of Chinese and Western sports culture
Influenced by China culture, China traditional sports culture pays attention to the exploration of people's inner moral conscience, and in the final analysis, pays attention to people's moral cultivation. Confucian culture in China has created such a road: exploring the world from the inside out, from the inside out, from the inside out, from the inside out, from the inside out, and from the inside out, so it is a process from the inside out. This forms the main spirit or basic spirit of China culture, that is, ethical spirit. These concepts and spirits with simple materialism play a vital role in the formation and development of traditional sports, and are the theoretical pillars of traditional sports culture in China. Influenced by western culture, the development of western sports is a process of transcendence. In short, this transcendental process is the transformation from Greek polytheism and legalistic Judaism to Christianity. This transformation process is a fundamental change, from nature worship, bright, cheerful and lively, from Greek polytheism, and external rigid, hidebound Judaism, to total contempt for reality and ideas ... >>
What's the difference between traditional sports and general sports?
The essential difference between traditional sports health preservation and sports is that one is health preservation and the other is exercise.
Traditional physical health preservation is a combination of health preservation theory and physical exercise methods. Through the body's own posture adjustment, breathing exercise and mind control, the body and mind can be integrated, the functions of various parts of the human body can be enhanced, and the internal potential of the human body can be induced and stimulated, thus playing the role of preventing and treating diseases, improving intelligence and prolonging life. Holism is emphasized because of the movement of the Lord.
And exercise is all kinds of activities used to enhance physical fitness. Fitness and entertainment are the main functions of sports from beginning to end. Physical activity is the basic means to strengthen physical fitness, improve health and cultivate people's various psychological qualities.
What events does the national traditional sports include?
Although ancient sports in China faced challenges several times, it was always passed on, showing great regenerative ability. The ancient sports culture in China was jointly created by all ethnic groups, including the sports content that embodies the characteristics of the Central Plains culture, grassland culture and southern waters culture, as well as the popular folk sports forms in folk festivals and palaces in past dynasties. The colorful ancient traditional sports culture shows the wisdom and courage of the Chinese nation, embodies the bravery and strength of the nation, and entrusts the pursuit of the perfection of national humanity. It shows that the "Great Wall of Ancient Sports Culture" was jointly built by all ethnic groups in China, which profoundly influenced the overall development of ancient sports in China and showed its vitality. The history of ancient sports development in China, which originated, developed and lasted for thousands of years in the traditional cultural atmosphere of ancient China society, is unparalleled in the world for its long origin, rich content, complete methods and extensive activities. From the development of ancient sports in the world, ancient sports in China occupy an important position. Ball games, martial arts, health care, wrestling, acrobatics, water ice activities, chess and some "track and field" events can be found in sports activities all over the world, which is not only the pride of the Chinese nation, but also contributed to the later popular world Olympic Games. As a vivid chapter in the history of world sports, it will go down in history forever.