As a matter of fact, China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Social Sciences were selected as the pilot of wage reform in 2008. Two years later, the wage reform promoted by these two pioneering institutions is still full of difficulties.
People in the Academy of Social Sciences said that the wage reform in hospitals has basically stopped and there is no way to advance it. The source said that the reason for the suspension was that the requirement that the proportion of the first-level researcher positions obtained by the Academy of Social Sciences from Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security reached more than 60% had not been approved so far. He said that fixed posts and fixed salaries are not the key. The key is that the level of senior personnel can't be decided, and it's not easy to do it below.
Even in the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the wage reform only stays at the level of fixed posts and fixed salaries, and there is no clear statement on how to evaluate performance and refer to relevant wage subsidy standards.
Due to the legacy of the system, the Ministry of Science and Technology is in charge of the salaries and expenses of scientific research institutions under many ministries and commissions, including the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Finance. This right was inherited by the former State Science and Technology Commission. Every year, the Ministry of Science and Technology conducts a unified accounting of the expenditures of scientific research institutions affiliated to almost all ministries and commissions, and then reports them to the Ministry of Finance for distribution.
According to the Ministry of Science and Technology, in recent years, various ministries and commissions in the State Council have streamlined their institutions, but the corresponding institutions have expanded year by year. Take the Ministry of Science and Technology as an example. 1998 after the institutional reform in the State Council, there were only two or three subordinate institutions of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and now it has grown to nearly 10. The Ministry of Science and Technology estimates every year that the salaries and other expenses of relevant institutions of ministries and commissions in the State Council are close to 50 billion. Ten years ago, there were only a few billion.
People in the Ministry of Science and Technology say that wage reform in public institutions should be promoted, otherwise everyone will suffer from financial difficulties and the burden will only get heavier and heavier. For those institutions with strong profitability and earning money, they should be split and listed. But he also said that it is impossible to push the market in one step.
In fact, most ministries and institutions are not optimistic about this round of wage reform. The person in charge of a Ministry and institution predicts that this round of reform will still be stillborn.
The reform of public institutions is affected by three major obstacles:
The pension reform plan of public institutions has been welcomed by workers and farmers. However, as always, it has been resolutely resisted by practitioners in institutions represented by faculty and staff.
At the end of 2008, Guangdong drafted the Implementation Opinions on the Classification Reform of Public Institutions in Guangdong Province (Draft for Comment), which is intended to pave the way for the subsequent reform of the pension system. However, as soon as this plan was submitted to various institutions for comments, "it caused confusion and instability." Some people write directly to the leaders of the provincial party Committee, and a large number of people apply for early retirement or buy out the length of service. "
An official in guangdong provincial department of human resources and social security, who asked not to be named, told reporters that the classification reform itself is full of difficulties.
Although it is not difficult to classify and divide units in nature, it is extremely controversial to divide units fairly and effectively in order to balance and take care of the interests of all parties because all institutions have close relations with government administrative organs.
According to this exposure draft, Guangdong plans to divide all institutions in the province into three categories: administrative institutions, business service institutions and public welfare institutions. The latter is the object of pension system reform. The first type of institutions should be merged with state organs, both of which are in favor of reform; The second plan is to become an enterprise through restructuring. Since the establishment of these units, most of them have been included in the pension insurance sequence according to the enterprise model. The reform of endowment insurance is not controversial, but there is a fierce reaction to the practice of directly changing itself into an enterprise. Many people in institutions included in the restructuring plan reflect that they want to return to work in the civil service. This is the first resistance.
The second obstacle is that the exposure draft has set off a wave of early retirement in public welfare institutions represented by university faculty and staff.
A retired teacher from South China Agricultural University told this reporter that at that time, some teachers had settled down and retired according to the old method, with a pension of more than 3,500 yuan/month; If early retirement is not handled, the pension may only be about 1600 yuan/month.
According to the exposure draft of Guangdong Province, before 65438+February 3, 20081,anyone who has worked for 30 years; Or an individual who has worked for 20 years and can't work normally due to physical or other special reasons, he can also go through the formalities of early retirement with the approval of the personnel department of the government at the same level. For these employees, retirement pension can be implemented in accordance with the "old way of providing for the elderly".
According to local media reports in Guangdong, around June 20, 2008, there was an endless stream of faculty members who came to ask about retirement policies in front of the personnel offices of major universities. "Many qualified university professors plan to retire first and then wait for the school to re-employ themselves."
An official of Guangdong social security system said: "At that time, there were about a thousand people who proposed to retire, which seriously affected the teaching order in colleges and universities. Some teachers publicly criticized the reform plan and thought that it was unfair to change only civil servants into institutions. "
In the view of the implementers of the reform plan, there is a third obstacle, that is, financial payment.
The above-mentioned guangdong provincial department of human resources and social security officials told this reporter that such a huge crowd of public welfare institutions suddenly entered the social security system, and the finance must pay 28% of their salary as the old-age insurance premium. "At that time, the labor, personnel and financial departments sat together and calculated that even if each employee paid an average of ten years, it would cost at least several billion, not to mention that the average length of service might be more than ten years."
If the occupational annuity is paid according to 16% of the salary, "it will be even worse, and no one dares to mention it."
It is reported that in 2009, Guangdong Province subsidized 330 million yuan to the social security pension fund, and the pressure is already quite huge.
"At first glance, the situation in various departments is so complicated and the reform targets are so fierce. It seems that they all have myocardial infarction, and no one dares to move." The official said. In this way, the reform measures for the classification of public institutions in Guangdong have come to nothing, and the reform plan for the old-age pension system has also run aground.
As the first province to start the reform, Guangdong's experience is regarded as a lesson by other provinces (cities). According to our reporter, at present, Shanghai, Chongqing and Zhejiang have not yet introduced relevant reform plans; Shanxi is in the early stage of the classification reform of public institutions. At present, 74 public institutions have been merged, and 2,827 people have been reduced, including 352 people in full, with a difference of 1.046, 72 people have been recovered from the special compilation of politics and law, and the number of department-level leaders has been reduced by 1.82. However, the industry is not optimistic about how far Shanxi's reform can go.