Www.xawb.com 2008-01-08 08: 57: 31Xi Evening News
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (Reporter Zhou) "Deepening the reform of the medical and health system is a major task for governments at all levels. The main task this year is to select some regions, carry out pilot projects around the key contents of reform, and explore experience for deepening reform throughout the country. " Zhu Chen, Minister of Health, said on the 7th.
Zhu Chen said that at present, the guiding opinions and supporting documents for the reform have been basically formed, and it is necessary to further solicit opinions from all sides. In August 2006, the State Council established an inter-ministerial coordination working group composed of 16 department to study major issues of system reform, and entrusted seven professional institutions at home and abroad to carry out independent research and solicit opinions extensively.
In July, 2007, China started the pilot program of basic medical insurance for urban residents in 79 cities. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, in 2007, the total scale of national medical assistance funds reached 710.2 billion yuan, and in the first nine months, the number of urban medical assistance exceeded 3.62 million.
"This year, we will expand the basic medical insurance for urban residents, further expand the scale of medical assistance, and explore the establishment of a national basic drug system. These are all important contents of deepening the reform of the medical and health system. " Zhu Chen said that health administrative departments at all levels should continue to encourage and guide local governments to explore the reform of medical and health systems and mechanisms, sum up experiences and lessons in a timely manner, and adjust, improve and enrich them in a timely manner.
Earlier, when Zhu Chen made a report on medical reform to the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), he clearly pointed out that the key tasks of medical and health system reform mainly include six aspects: strengthening government responsibility and investment; Strengthen the construction of urban and rural community medical and health service system; Reform the hospital management system and operation mechanism; Accelerate the construction of a multi-level medical security system; Establish a national system of essential drugs; Strengthen the construction of health talents.
village
Increase farmers' subsidies for comprehensive coverage of the new cooperative medical system.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (Reporter Zhou) Yesterday, the Minister of Health pointed out at the 2008 National Health Work Conference that the new rural cooperative medical system in China has smoothly entered the stage of comprehensive promotion, and 20 provinces have achieved full coverage of the new rural cooperative medical system. By the end of September, 2007, 2448 counties (cities, districts) had developed the new rural cooperative medical system, accounting for 85.5% of the whole country, and nearly 730 million farmers participated, with a participation rate of 86%.
"In the four years since the implementation of the new rural cooperative medical system, the system operation has been further standardized, the overall compensation model has been gradually improved, the scope of benefits has been continuously expanded, and the degree of benefits has been further improved." Zhu Chen said that this system will be fully implemented in rural areas throughout the country this year.
He pointed out that to promote the construction of the new rural cooperative medical system, we must first organize, guide and mobilize farmers to participate, and ensure that the new rural cooperative medical system covers all rural areas in the country and benefits more farmers.
At the same time, the implementation of the new rural cooperative medical subsidy and payment policy. The subsidy standard of the central and local governments for participating farmers has been raised from 40 yuan per capita to 80 yuan, and farmers' payment has also been raised accordingly. Health departments should take the initiative to coordinate civil affairs and other relevant departments to solve the payment problem of people in need.
Zhu Chen also stressed that in the case of increasing the amount of fund-raising, it is necessary to adjust the compensation scheme, improve farmers' security level, so that farmers can benefit more and increase the attractiveness of the new rural cooperative medical system.
In addition, Zhu Chen requires strengthening the management and handling capacity of the new rural cooperative medical system, strengthening the construction of information network, improving management capacity and better serving farmers; Standardize fund supervision, strictly use funds, improve the utilization rate of funds, and ensure the safe operation of funds; Strengthen the supervision and management of medical and health services and drug use, popularize appropriate technologies, popularize essential drugs, strictly control the growth of medical expenses, and provide farmers with safe, effective, convenient and cheap basic medical and health services.
location
Minister of Health Zhu Chen: Medical care can't get economic benefits by treating patients.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (Reporter Zhou): "The main responsibility of health undertakings is to maintain and improve the health level of the whole people and promote the all-round development of people, not to obtain economic benefits by treating patients." Zhu Chen, Minister of Health, said at the 2008 National Health Work Conference on the 7th.
Health is a public welfare undertaking that the government implements certain welfare policies. The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the public welfare of public health. Zhu Chen said, influenced by multiple factors such as concept, investment, supervision and governance, the weakening of the public welfare nature of public health care has become one of the major livelihood issues that the people strongly reflect. "If it is not effectively solved, it will not only guarantee the people to seek medical treatment, but also have a serious impact on social stability and harmony."
He pointed out that to implement the public welfare nature of public health care, we must focus on the public health service system and medical service system organized by the government covering urban and rural areas. On the one hand, we must resolutely implement and implement the existing government subsidy policy, on the other hand, we must increase investment with the continuous strengthening of public finance. While increasing financial input, the price of medical and health services should also be reduced accordingly. In addition, it is necessary to improve the management system and governance framework of medical and health institutions, continuously improve the service level and efficiency, and realize public welfare.
It is understood that in the total national health expenditure in 2006, government, social and personal health expenditures were 18%, 32.6% and 49.4% respectively, and the proportion of government and social health expenditures increased by 1 and 5.5 percentage points respectively compared with 2003, while the proportion of personal health expenditures decreased by 6.5 percentage points.
Zhu Chen said that in recent years, a number of poor hospitals and wards have been opened in various places, which has explored the experience in promoting public hospitals to return to the public welfare nature.
He called for continuing to improve the construction of hospitals and wards in poverty-stricken areas, including them in the "Healthy Huimin Service Project", actively guiding public hospitals at all levels and other non-profit medical institutions to attach importance to providing basic medical and health services, joining the "Healthy Huimin Service Project" and taking Huimin service as one of the main indicators of hospital evaluation.
An important part of medical reform
The Guiding Opinions on the Reform of Medical and Health System in Cities and Towns forwarded by the General Office of the State Council put forward requirements for the reform of drug management system in medical institutions: centralized bidding and purchasing of drugs should be carried out, and modern electronic information technology should be actively used in drug purchase and sale activities to improve efficiency and reduce circulation costs. It is an important content and inevitable choice to use electronic information technology to reform the old model of hospital drug management and rebuild an efficient, competitive and orderly new model of drug management that adapts to the socialist market economic system. It is understood that developed countries actively used modern information network technology to integrate drug circulation methods as early as a decade ago. In recent years, some areas in China have started the pilot of centralized drug bidding. In the process of exploring the establishment of a new management and operation mode of centralized drug procurement in medical institutions, Henan Province will study and launch an e-commerce solution for centralized drug bidding. The purpose of opening this column is to study problems, introduce experiences and promote this reform.
Since the reform and opening up, China's health undertakings have made unprecedented development, and the problems of "difficulty in seeing a doctor, hospitalization and operation" have basically been solved. However, in recent years, in some places, the problem of "expensive medical treatment or even contempt" has appeared to some extent. There are many factors leading to this problem. Among them, the rise in drug prices is the most important reason. At present, the general goal of medical reform in China is to provide relatively high-quality medical services at a relatively low cost, and strive to meet the needs of the broad masses of people for basic medical services. Bidding for drugs in medical institutions is one of the effective measures to realize the overall goal of medical reform.
First of all, the implementation of drug bidding in medical institutions can strengthen the competition between drug production and circulation enterprises and promote the production of high-quality and low-cost drugs. Since 1980s, the rapid development of pharmaceutical industry in China has provided a strong material foundation for medical services. But at the same time, China's pharmaceutical industry has many enterprises, small scale, overall overcapacity, low product grade and disorderly circulation. Purchasing drugs through public bidding can promote fair competition, eliminate the fittest, and promote the development of Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises and the quality of drugs to a new level.
Second, the implementation of drug bidding and purchasing in medical institutions can reduce the service cost of medical institutions and establish a reasonable economic operation mechanism of medical institutions. The economic operation mechanism of medical institutions formed on the basis of the planned economic system has serious drawbacks of "supporting doctors with medicine". Economic interests drive medical institutions to use more drugs and expensive drugs, and medical expenses often remain high because of drug abuse. Purchasing drugs through public bidding is a common way for medical institutions, which can greatly reduce the cost of medical institutions. From the pilot situation in China, the effect is also very obvious, which is conducive to reducing the false high pricing of drugs and promoting the improvement of the economic operation mechanism of medical institutions. Excessive procurement should benefit patients and let the masses enjoy the benefits of drug price reduction.
Third, the implementation of drug bidding in medical institutions is conducive to curbing unhealthy practices in drug purchase and sale and forming a good medical ethics. As an important reform measure, drug bidding can standardize the purchasing behavior of medical institutions and control the unhealthy trend in drug purchase and sale from the source, which is a transaction under the sun. Centralized bidding for drugs is different from government procurement, and medical institutions are the main body of bidding for drugs. Actively explore bidding, chain procurement, centralized distribution and other modes to reduce the purchase price of drugs. Good medical ethics can be established by purchasing drugs through public bidding, rectifying kickbacks in drug purchase and sale, severely cracking down on illegal and criminal acts of colluding inside and outside to sell fake and inferior drugs, and driving away evil spirits and strengthening the body.
Notice on Organizing the Declaration of Education and Teaching Reform and Research Projects in 2008
-
Publisher: Academic Affairs Office, May 2008-158: 31:13.
All secondary colleges (directly affiliated departments):
In order to deepen the reform of education and teaching and improve the quality of education and teaching in an all-round way, combined with the work arrangement of the Academic Affairs Office this semester, the relevant matters concerning the application for the establishment of school-level teaching reform and research projects in 2008 are hereby notified as follows:
1. On the basis of the research on the training mode of applied talents carried out by our school in 2007, this teaching reform project should conduct in-depth research on classroom teaching methods (research teaching, discussion, case teaching, cooperative learning, etc.). ), curriculum system optimization research, teaching content reform research, teaching evaluation system research, students' innovative ability and practical ability training research (including students' ability training program research), design and design. Priority is given to applying for subjects related to normal education. The research content of the declared project is duplicate or similar to the previous project, and the project will not be established without a new breakthrough.
2. Those who have presided over school-level and above educational reform projects in the past have not finished the questions and cannot declare this year's school educational reform projects.
3. The person in charge of the project fills in the "Declaration Form for Teaching and Scientific Research Projects in lishui university" (the declaration form can be downloaded from the website of the Academic Affairs Office), and the unit conducts preliminary examination and recommends it. Ask the computer to print in duplicate.
4. All secondary colleges (directly affiliated departments) are requested to seriously organize the declaration, and at least five or more projects are recommended to participate in the school evaluation. The application materials shall be submitted to Room 205 of the Academic Affairs Office before May 30, 2008.
Beginning this spring, all primary and secondary school students in compulsory education will be exempted from textbook fees; Exempt migrant workers' children from compulsory education borrowing fees that meet the admission requirements; Raise the minimum standard of public funds for primary and secondary schools' birthdays in the compulsory stage from 230 yuan and 330 yuan to 300 yuan and 450 yuan respectively ... Yesterday afternoon, at the meeting of provincial education directors in 2008, good news came one after another.
Significantly reduce local teaching materials.
According to Liu Xiping, director of the Education Department of Zhejiang Province, in order to reduce the burden of primary and secondary school students, this year, our province will carry out a comprehensive "textbook slimming"-on the basis of careful analysis and listening to the opinions of all parties, the relevant departments are determined to significantly reduce some local textbooks.
At the same time, our province will fully promote the practice of allocating the enrollment quota of model high schools to junior high schools according to a certain proportion, and the actual allocation quota of each model high school should reach at least 30% this year. As for the enrollment ratio of vocational education in senior high school, we should strive to improve it to actively support the development of vocational education.
The college entrance examination enrollment reform will also continue. This year, the coverage of parallel volunteer will be extended to art enrollment; We will continue to promote the pilot program of independent enrollment in demonstrative higher vocational colleges, in which the proportion of independent enrollment in Zhejiang University of Finance and ningbo polytechnic, which was piloted first, increased from 5% to 10%.
Cultivate leading geese in rural areas
Students have good news, and teachers are no exception. Liu Xiping pointed out that to solve the problem of "reading good books", we must first solve the problem of improving teachers' quality and improving teachers' enthusiasm. This year, our province started the "Wild Goose Introduction Project" for rural primary and secondary school teachers from 2008 to 20 10. It took three years to train a group of leading geese teachers for rural primary and secondary schools. Through these leading geese, the overall quality of rural primary and secondary school teachers has been improved.
NO 1。 This year, we should further strengthen macro-control, relatively stabilize the enrollment scale of colleges and universities, strengthen the construction and structural adjustment of disciplines and majors, and support school-enterprise cooperation to build disciplines and majors that are short of talents in key national development fields.
NO2。 Deepen the reform of personnel training mode, strengthen education and teaching practice, and actively promote students to practice in enterprises and institutions.
Third. Build a national experimental teaching demonstration center and fund college students to carry out innovative experiments.
Fourth place. Improve the teaching system of undergraduate basic courses and strengthen the construction of teachers. Comprehensively promote the construction of study style in colleges and universities.
Fifth place. Start a new round of postgraduate education innovation plan centered on improving the quality of postgraduate education. Further promote the reform of postgraduate training mechanism, and further improve and implement the tutor responsibility system and funding system led by scientific research.
Sixth place. Do a good job in the investigation and analysis of the quality of doctoral education and improve the quality assurance system of degree and postgraduate education.
Seventh place. Start a new round of prosperity plan for philosophy and social sciences in colleges and universities, and run a backbone seminar on teaching and research of philosophy and social sciences in colleges and universities. Strengthen and improve the construction of key research bases for humanities and social sciences of the Ministry of Education.
Eighth place. In-depth implementation of the "sunshine project" for college enrollment. Improve the open and transparent enrollment system, further intensify the information disclosure, and disclose all the qualifications, enrollment plans, tuition standards, admission rules, admission procedures and admission results of the school. Promote and improve parallel volunteer's admission methods, such as filing, public solicitation of volunteers by sections, etc. (Author: Guo Jiao)
Main contents of housing reform
1. Establish a new housing supply system, reserve a few high-end commercial houses to meet high-income consumption demand in housing positioning, and focus on low-and middle-income people, and develop affordable housing, including relaxing the housing project policy. In terms of measures, the government should intervene, control prices, allocate land administratively and exempt some taxes and fees. In addition, some moderate rental houses have been set up for low-income families to rent.
2. Increase the effective demand and increase the rent at the same time. From the second half of 1998, the traditional welfare housing allocation will be phased out and the housing will be distributed in a monetary way.
3. Open the secondary market. Encourage the improvement of self-housing. Houses purchased by residents at market price, meager profit price and cost price can be embezzled and traded in the market.
4. Improve the ability to pay. The general method is: pay part of it yourself (down payment); Part of the provident fund; Part of the subsidy; The financial subsidies originally used for building houses will be changed to subsidies for employees. When the government stopped building houses, the development company borrowed money from the bank to build houses. All units use the money originally used to build houses to give subsidies to employees.
5. Develop housing finance, expand the scope of personal housing guarantee loans, cancel personal housing guarantee loans, and cancel the scale limit of affordable housing development and construction loans.
6. Reform the wage system and grant housing subsidies. There are two opinions on the way of subsidy payment: one-time payment and monthly payment.
7. Vigorously develop property management, speed up the reform of the current housing maintenance management system, and establish a socialized, professional and market-oriented property management system that combines owner autonomy with professional management of property management enterprises, so that owners can live in peace of mind.