Can I wash my face and feet after childbirth?
Matters needing attention on the first day after delivery: postpartum maternal situation. In the first 24 hours after delivery, the maternal body temperature will rise slightly, generally not exceeding 38℃. After that, the maternal body temperature will mostly return to the normal range. Due to the stop of uteroplacental circulation and bed rest, the maternal pulse is slightly slow, about 60 ~ 70 times per minute; Breathe 14 ~ 16 times per minute; Blood pressure is stable with little change. If it is pregnancy-induced hypertension, the blood pressure drops significantly. On the first day of delivery, the bottom of the uterus is about one finger below the umbilicus (the uterus descends to the pelvic cavity about 10 day after delivery). Just after delivery, the parturient will have paroxysmal lower abdominal pain due to uterine contraction, which is called "postpartum uterine contraction pain" and generally disappears naturally after 2 ~ 3 days. Precautions: Have a good rest: After giving birth, many women will be elated and feel very satisfied. Then, due to the fatigue of having children, I will feel sleepy unconsciously. At this time, you can close your eyes or take a nap, don't fall asleep, because you have to feed the baby for the first time, the medical staff should do postpartum treatment, and the mother should eat. First of all, we should pay attention to the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. After the delivery of the fetus, the amount of vaginal bleeding reaches or exceeds 500 ml within 24 hours, which is called postpartum hemorrhage. Its etiology is related to uterine inertia, placenta retention or residue, birth canal injury and so on. Once there is more vaginal bleeding, you should inform the doctor, find out the reason and deal with it in time. Half an hour after delivery, the baby can suck the nipple, so that lactation and milk ejection reflex can be established as soon as possible to promote milk secretion. It is also beneficial to uterine contraction. Breastfeeding time is 5- 10 minutes. You can breastfeed every 1 ~ 3 hours on the first day after delivery. The time and frequency of breastfeeding are related to the needs of the baby and the situation that the mother feels abdominal distension. On the first day after delivery, if the parturient is weak and the wound is painful, she can choose to nurse in the lateral position. After each feeding, you should pick up the newborn and pat it a few times to prevent it from returning to milk. Women who give birth naturally can urinate 4 hours after delivery. A few parturients have dysuria and urinary retention, which may be related to long-term bladder compression and perineal pain reflex. Mothers should be encouraged to get up as much as possible to urinate, or they can ask doctors for acupuncture or medication. If they still can't urinate, they should have a catheterization. In the first few days after delivery, almost all parturients have constipation. This is due to the relaxation of intestinal and abdominal muscles. Therefore, women who give birth naturally can add more fluids and eat some fruits and vegetables from the day of delivery to improve. Pay attention to the hygiene of perineum, rinse it twice a day with pp aqueous solution of 1:5000, put sterile sanitary napkins on perineum and replace them in time. If you feel discomfort or pain from perineum or anus falling to the ground within 24 hours after delivery, you should seek medical advice in time to prevent infection and hematoma. Adjust diet and strengthen nutrition. Even healthy women will consume a lot of energy and physical strength after giving birth. They should adjust their diet and strengthen nutrition in time. The principle is to choose nutritious and digestible food. Generally, you should eat some light food on the first day after delivery, and then you can eat ordinary meals, but they should be nutritious, such as meat, eggs, fish, tofu and so on. Something with soup, such as chicken soup and sparerib soup, is effective for milking; But it is too much to say that chicken soup is more delicious than chicken. Eating more fresh vegetables and fruits will not only increase the intake of vitamins, but also help prevent constipation. In short, it is necessary to mix meat and vegetables, stimulate appetite and diversify. Anemic women should eat more pig liver, duck blood and spinach. Women with cramps and joint pain should continue to take calcium tablets. In order to ensure the needs of lactation, you can also add a semi-liquid or snack at night. Cold and spicy food should be temporarily banned. Women who give birth naturally with proper exercise can get up in 6 ~ 12 hours to do light activities, and can walk indoors the next day to do appropriate postpartum health care exercises. The practice on the first day after delivery can include the following sections: finger flexion and extension starts from the thumb, then holds it in turn, and then unfolds from the little finger in turn. Expand, lift, expand, lift, repeat. Take a deep breath. Take a deep breath slowly through your nose, and then spit it out slowly from your mouth. Shoulder turning action: arms are bent, fingers touch shoulders, and elbows are turned outwards. Turn in the opposite direction when you come back. Stretching movement of back and wrist ① Hold your hands in front and stretch horizontally forward. (2) The hand is still stretched forward and the back is pulled hard. Elbows close to ears, palms together. Hold on for five seconds and relax. (3) Hold hands tightly in front, palms outward, and stretch forward, holding hands. Hold on for five seconds and relax. Foot movement ① The soles of the feet are opposite, and the toes bend inward and then turn outward. (2) Feet together and toes forward. Tighten the thigh muscles and bend the ankle backwards. After breathing twice, take back the force applied to your feet. ③ Put your feet together, with the tip of your right foot extended forward and your left ankle bent backward, alternating left and right. Practice lying on your back with your hands behind your head and your shoulders on the ground, but your neck bends forward. To recover, turn your neck to the right (shoulder on the ground), especially if you look to one side and then turn left. Pay attention to establishing a good environment. After the delivery room is transferred to the ward, the room should be sanitary, the indoor temperature should be appropriate (generally controlled at 18 ~ 20℃), the air should be fresh and well ventilated. Even in winter, we should have a certain time to open the window for ventilation and keep the air fresh, but we should pay attention to avoid direct blowing. The room should be clean and comfortable. Don't smoke in the room. Because the parturient needs rest to recover her physical strength, it is best for relatives and friends not to visit at this time. Relatives and friends with chronic diseases or colds had better not visit parturients and newborns to avoid cross-infection. Pay attention to personal hygiene. Postpartum clothes should be clean and comfortable, warm and cold-proof, and not too far away from the temperature. Pay attention to cool in summer and keep warm in winter. Excessive "covering up" bad habits is unscientific. No matter how cold it is in winter or how hot it is in summer, it is strictly covered, only the hands and face are exposed, so that sweat cannot evaporate and heat dissipation in the body is affected. Especially in hot summer, it is easy to cause postpartum heatstroke. Pay attention to personal hygiene after delivery. You should brush your teeth, wash your face, wash your feet and comb your hair as usual, and wash your hands before and after meals and before feeding. On the first day after delivery, the lying-in woman is too weak to take a bath, so she can take a bath with warm water. Whether to lose weight in time after childbirth in the golden period of postpartum weight loss has a lot to do with weight gain in the future. Six months after delivery is the golden period of weight control. If the pre-pregnancy weight can be recovered within half a year after delivery, the average weight will increase by 2.4 kg after 8 to 10 years. If the postpartum weight cannot be reduced, the average weight will increase by 8.3 kg after 8 to 10 years. Women who exercise and breastfeed after childbirth will not gain weight. If they can breastfeed for more than 3 months, the weight loss effect will be better. According to the daily nutrition recommendations published by the Department of Health of the Executive Yuan this year, the recommended calorie intake is about 300 calories less than that of 1982. For women with low workload, the daily calorie is about 1.550 calories. If women are manual workers, they only need about 2300 calories a day. In the middle and late pregnancy, you should consume 300 calories a day and 500 calories a day during lactation. In addition, many reports have found that the daily intake of 2,000 to 2,300 calories after delivery is not only beneficial to weight control, but also does not affect breastfeeding. If you eat 400 calories less a day, you will probably lose 1.5 kg a month. Breast-feeding women who consume less than 500 calories a day and exercise for 45 minutes four times a week can lose 2 kilograms a month without affecting their baby's growth. Precautions for using diet pills Dr. Zhou stressed that it is best to start with diet and exercise after delivery, and don't expect to lose weight soon. It is most suitable for breast-feeding women to lose 0.5 ~ 1 kg a week, and it is the most ideal situation to lose 10% body weight within 6 months. As for the use of diet pills, doctors will recommend being overweight (body mass index >; 27, body mass index = kg weight ÷ square of height meters) is considered for women. For women whose physical recovery is not very good after childbirth, doctors usually do not recommend postpartum use. Theoretically, the diet pills prescribed by doctors will not affect breastfeeding, so users need not worry too much. However, the side effects of diet pills vary from person to person. There are many illegal diet pills on the market, which will cause harm to the body after use. Therefore, it is best to use it after the doctor's evaluation and advice, and it is best not to use it during confinement and lactation.
Will you have a checkup after delivery?
Many mothers attach great importance to pre-pregnancy and prenatal examination. For the routine check-up for 42 days after delivery, they often only pay attention to the baby's physical examination and think that the mother's physical examination is dispensable. Many mothers think that everything will be fine as long as the baby is born smoothly, but it is not. Postpartum examination is as important as prenatal examination.
Postpartum mothers should have a health check-up 42 days after delivery, so that doctors can know the recovery of the parturient. It is necessary for postpartum mothers to know the recovery of the whole body and pelvic organs, find abnormalities in time and prevent sequelae.
Postpartum examination mainly refers to puerperal examination. Puerperal period is the recovery period of various postpartum systems, and some potential diseases will undergo drastic changes during puerperal period, such as depression or infection. It may also cause diseases such as heatstroke due to improper nursing during the recovery period.
Postpartum examination can find many diseases of postpartum mother in time, avoid the influence of sick mother on baby's health, and help mother to take appropriate contraceptive measures in time, especially for new mothers with serious complications during pregnancy.
1. Endometritis
Endometrial inflammation is easily complicated by prolonged labor or water breakthrough, too many vaginal examinations during labor, too long operation time, anemia of pregnant women before operation, or excessive bleeding during operation.
2. The problem of surgical incision
Because pregnant women suffer from diabetes or malnutrition, anemia, or the operation time is too long, the selected drainage tube or front line is not suitable, and the incision suture technology is not appropriate, which may lead to incision complications.
3. Urinary system diseases
It is easy to cause urinary tract infection because of the need to insert catheter during operation.
4. Gastrointestinal diseases
Due to the use of narcotic drugs or postoperative analgesics, intestinal peristalsis is affected, intestinal paralysis occurs, and symptoms such as abdominal distension, nausea and vomiting appear. Generally, after 24 hours, with the recovery of intestinal function, symptoms can subside. If the above symptoms persist, abdominal distension and abdominal pain will worsen, and intestinal obstruction may occur.
5. Venous thrombosis
Venous thrombosis is more likely to occur at the end of pregnancy or postpartum, and women who have cesarean section are more likely to have deep venous thrombophlebitis of lower limbs.
6. Heart disease
Within 24-28 hours after delivery, the parturient feels flustered, chest tightness, unable to lie flat, shortness of breath and other abnormal phenomena, and may suffer from postpartum heart disease.
Postpartum examination is best carried out between 42 days and 56 days after delivery.
1. weight
Weight measurement can monitor the nutritional intake and physical recovery of new mothers, and remind new mothers at any time to prevent unbalanced nutritional intake and uncoordinated activities.
Pay attention to compare the measured weight with the weight before and after pregnancy. Postpartum 1 month, that is, during confinement, the weight should remain basically stable, and the increase or decrease should not exceed 2 kg. If you gain weight quickly, you should pay attention to properly adjusting your diet and increasing your activity; If you lose weight too fast, you should also pay attention. On the one hand, you should strengthen nutrition, on the other hand, you can consider checking your metabolic system.
2. Blood pressure
Changes in blood pressure will have a serious impact on the body in many ways. Long-term increase in blood pressure can easily lead to systemic vasospasm, which reduces the effective circulating blood volume, while ischemia and decreased oxygen carrying capacity may endanger organs and tissues of the whole body. If the brain, heart, liver, kidney and other important organs are threatened, their pathophysiological changes may lead to convulsions, coma, brain edema, cerebral hemorrhage and so on. And even death.
The new mother must be quiet when taking her blood pressure. If she has just done a light activity, she should rest for 10 ~ 15 minutes. Otherwise, measuring blood pressure immediately will artificially increase the blood pressure reading. It is best not to eat, smoke or hold your urine half an hour before pressure measurement, and try to avoid nervousness, anxiety, cold and overheating. These factors will affect the accuracy of measurement.
3. Breast and milk
Postpartum lactation often occurs breast pain and milk deposition, and in severe cases, it may be infected with mastitis, threatening breast health and affecting the lactation system. The milk secreted by the breast directly affects the baby's health.
Common inspection methods include palpation and color Doppler ultrasound. Check the color of breast skin surface, whether there is edema, superficial vein swelling, skin wrinkles, etc. If the skin is red or the above phenomenon exists, pay attention to whether there is breast duct obstruction; Check the nipple for deformity, bulge, retraction, depression, erosion and desquamation; Check whether the nipple overflows, whether it overflows by itself or after extrusion, whether it overflows unilaterally or bilaterally, and the characteristics of overflow.
4. Reproductive system examination
The recovery of postpartum pelvic organs is closely related to the probability of new mothers suffering from gynecological diseases in the future, so it is absolutely necessary to conduct a comprehensive gynecological examination.
Check the recovery of uterus, perineum and vagina laceration or suture, cervical recovery, pelvic floor muscle support, bilateral fallopian tubes and ovaries, postpartum lochia, etc. Through simultaneous diagnosis and B-ultrasound examination, the diagnosis and treatment effect is the best.
It is best for new mothers not to have vaginal lavage or use vaginal drugs before gynecological examination (at least 3 days), because it will wash or cover some potential diseased cells and affect the effect of examination.