Pot conditions of canna
1. illumination: full sunshine. You need plenty of sunshine during the growing period, and you should receive at least 5 hours of direct sunlight every day. The environment is too dark and the light is insufficient, which will delay the flowering period. If you put it in a cool place when flowering, you can extend the flowering period.
2. Temperature: The suitable growth temperature is 15-30℃. When it blooms. In order to prolong the flowering period, it can be placed in a place with low temperature and no sunshine, and the ambient temperature is not lower than 10℃. When the temperature is above 40℃, the canna can be moved to a ventilated and cool place. Before and after the first frost, potted canna can be moved to the temperature of 5-65438 00℃, which can safely overwinter.
3. Humidity: During the growing period, spray water on the leaves 1-2 times a day to keep the humidity. Because canna loves being fat and resistant to moisture, the flowerpot should be watered.
4. Fertilization: In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer before planting, topdressing is 3-4 times a month during the peak growth period. If the flower buds do not germinate 20-30 days before the scheduled flowering period, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the leaves to accelerate flowering. Potted canna sometimes has yellow leaves, mainly due to excessive application of ferrous sulfate or exposure to drought and scorching sun. In hot summer, if the water is too cold, it will also cause the leaves to burn. If the fertilizer is too thick in hot summer, it will burn the roots and let them "burn to death".
5. Soil: the requirements for soil are not strict, and it grows best in loose and fertile sandy loam with good drainage, and is also suitable for the growth of fertile clay soil. Potted soil should be mixed with humus soil, garden soil, peat soil, mountain mud and other soils rich in organic matter. Potted canna should choose dwarf varieties. Generally, humus soil, vegetable garden soil and rice bran ash are used as raw materials in the ratio of 1: 1.5:0.5, and a small amount of fertilizers such as bean cake and bone meal are added to mix. In March-April in spring, take out the tubers, remove the rotten parts, select stem blocks with 2-3 strong buds and bury them in the pot soil, preferably with the bud tips exposed from the pot soil. Canna likes to be fat and moisture-resistant, so the pot should be watered thoroughly. When the fifth leaf grows, fertilize it every 7- 10 days, and then water it. Generally, apply 1% ferrous sulfate fertilizer water once a month, or add a small amount of plant ash to make the stems straight, the leaves green and plump, and the colors bright. Fertilization stopped at flowering stage. In winter, stop fertilizing.
6. Pruning: When the flowers at the end of the stem fall, the stems and branches should be cut off from the base at any time, so that the new buds will germinate and the flowers will bloom one after another.
Canna potted method
1, suitable for deep soil loosening in pots: Canna is a root plant, and the pots should be deep and large, and the pots with a diameter of 3040 cm can be used. Strong adaptability, do not choose soil, plant and grow best in fertile, loose and well-drained sandy loam, humus soil can be mixed with vegetable garden soil in equal amount, and a small amount of sand can be mixed as culture soil. When planting, it should be planted deeply and covered with 68 cm of soil. The bottom of the basin is padded with a layer of broken hard plastic foam to facilitate ventilation and drainage. Change pots and soil once a year in spring.
2. Moderate drinking water and diligent fertilization: the potted soil of Canna should be wet and dry, and it should be drained and waterlogged at any time in rainy season. The dormant soil is drier. Like fertilizers, in addition to adding some bone meal and NPK compound fertilizer when cultivating the soil, apply 1 NPK compound fertilizer about half a month during the growth period, and do not apply it when flowering, and continue to apply it after withering. Avoid applying nitrogen fertilizer alone, otherwise there will be more leaves and fewer flowers. No fertilization during dormancy.
3, like light, like warm and afraid of cold: beauty steamed as tropical negative flowers, should be placed in a sunny courtyard, roof garden or west sunny terrace with good ventilation and plenty of sunshine. In this way, not only the roots are big and the tillers are many, but also the flowers are gorgeous. If placed in the shade, the plants are tall, the flowers are light, and they don't even bloom. Afraid of frost and snow freezing, first cut off all the yellow leaves and buckle an empty flowerpot on the basin, so that Jiangnan can spend the winter safely outdoors, and the north of the Yangtze River needs a room for the winter. Trim the flower stems in time. Potted canna, after the flower withers, should cut off the flower stem from the lower part of the stem in time, and apply fertilizer to promote it to sprout a new stem from the root of the stem. It can bloom again after 1 half a month and two months, so that it can bloom 34 times from late May to 1 month, and always adhere to beautiful flowers and leaves.
4. Multiplication by ramets is easy to survive: in spring, combined with changing pots and soil, the root tuber is poured out, cut into several pieces with a sharp knife, each piece must have at least 23 buds, the incision is smeared with sulfur powder or peat, and put into human pots respectively. It can also be cultivated after flowering and sown and propagated in the next spring.
Canna disease control
disease control
mosaic disease
Symptoms: the leaves of infected plants appear mosaic or yellow-green spots, and the petals become smaller and mottled. When the disease is serious, the leaves will be deformed and rolled in, and the plaque will be necrotic.
Prevention and control methods:
Because canna is propagated by roots, it is easy to spread the virus year by year, so virus-free mother plants should be selected as breeding materials. If a diseased plant is found, it should be pulled out and destroyed immediately to reduce the source of infection.
The disease is spread by aphids. Insecticides are used to control aphids and reduce vectors. Spraying 2000 times of 40% omethoate or 1000 times of 50% malathion, 20% diazinon and 70% propargite respectively.
bud rot
Symptoms: Before banana leaves spread out and bloom, the pathogen of bud rot invades through the stomata of young leaves and flower buds. When the leaves are unfolded, many small spots appear on the leaves, which gradually expand along the veins and connect with each other to form large spots, and sometimes the spots form stripes. The lesion was grayish white at first and soon turned black. The infected buds turn black and die before flowering. This lesion will cause the sleeve to expand downward along the petiole, resulting in the death of young stems and buds. When the old leaves are injured, the lesion expansion package is slow, irregular, yellow and has water stains on the edge.
Prevention and control methods:
Selecting healthy rhizomes as propagation materials, soaking the rhizomes suspected of carrying bacteria in streptomycin with 500 ~ 1000 times for 30 minutes before planting can not only prevent diseases, but also promote the growth of buds and branches.
Should be planted in sunny, fertile and humid places with good drainage to avoid over-planting.
Spray bordeaux solution * *1:1:200 * * or 77% kocide wettable powder 500 times, 14% copper complex solution 400 times, etc.
Remove and burn seriously ill plants and disabled bodies at any time.
control of insect
Canna has strong adaptability, extensive management, no scorching and less pests. Attention should be paid to leaf curl pests from May to August every year to avoid damaging their tender leaves and inflorescences. It can be sprayed with 50% dichlorvos 800 times or 50% triadimefon EC 1000 times. Canna planted on the ground occasionally meets tigers on the ground, which can be captured manually or irrigated with 600 ~ 800 times of trichlorfon.