(A) the characteristics of rayon fabrics

Rayon fabrics basically refer to viscose filament and staple fiber fabrics, commonly known as rayon and rayon. In addition, it also includes some fiber-rich fabrics and medium-long fiber fabrics between filaments and short fibers. Therefore, the performance of rayon fabric is mainly determined by the characteristics of viscose fiber.

1. rayon and rayon fabrics are soft to the touch, breathable, comfortable to wear and brightly dyed.

2. Rayon fabric has good hygroscopicity, which is the best in chemical fiber. However, its wet strength is very low, only about 50% of the dry strength, and the shrinkage rate of the fabric is large, so it is best to shrink in advance before cutting.

3. Ordinary viscose fabric has the characteristics of good drape, poor rigidity, poor resilience and poor wrinkle resistance, so its clothing has poor shape retention and is easy to wrinkle.

4. Viscose fiber fabric has good acid and alkali resistance, sunlight resistance and other drug resistance.

(2) Varieties of rayon fabrics

There are many varieties of rayon fabrics. In addition to its own pure spinning, there are many varieties of blended or interwoven fabrics of viscose fiber and other fibers.

1. Artificial cotton fabric is made of 100% cotton or medium-long ordinary viscose fiber or rich fiber. Such as rayon cloth and fiber-rich cloth. Among them, rayon is a plain weave fabric woven from 100% viscose fiber, which has the characteristics of thin and soft cloth body, fine yarn count, low density, good air permeability and bright dyeing, and is suitable for summer clothes and quilts with low price. Fiber-rich fabrics are plain and twill fabrics made of cotton-based fibers, that is, fiber-rich muslin, fiber-rich twill or fiber-rich gabardine. It has many characteristics similar to viscose fabric, except that the dyeing is not bright enough, and it feels cool and durable, so it is suitable for summer clothes or children's clothing fabrics.

2. Rayon fabric is a silk fabric woven from viscose filaments or long filaments rich in fibers. Such as: matte spinning, smooth spinning, meisi, Liam cashmere, rayon and so on. These varieties have been introduced in the section "Silk Fabric" and will not be repeated here.

3. Viscose fiber blended interwoven products This paper mainly describes the blended interwoven products of viscose fiber and synthetic fiber or viscose filament and staple fiber. Such as: polyester-viscose blended fabric, high-curl viscose spun wool fabric, hollow viscose knitted fabric, etc. They are all made of high proportion of viscose fiber mixed with low proportion of polyester fiber, or 50% each. High crimp viscose wool-like fabric is made of 67% fine denier high crimp viscose fiber and 33% polyester blended high count yarn. Rich feel and strong wool feeling, similar to the appearance and style of Fanliding. Suitable for making women's clothes, plain clothes, etc. Feather yarn and Fuchun spinning are interwoven products of rayon and rayon yarn or cotton yarn, which have the characteristics of firm texture, flat and solid cloth surface and low price, and can often be used as clothing linings.

In a word, man-made fiber fabrics are superior to other chemical fiber fabrics because of their excellent hygroscopicity. However, due to the fact that their fabrics will become hard after entering the water, their strength will become worse, so be careful not to rub hard when washing. In addition, when cutting, the hem should be left wider and the edge should be trimmed to avoid yarn slippage and "tripping".

Second, polyester fabrics

(A) the characteristics of polyester fabric

Polyester fabric is a kind of chemical fiber clothing fabric widely used in daily life. Its biggest advantage is good wrinkle resistance and shape retention, and it is suitable for making outerwear clothing. Generally speaking, polyester fabrics have the following characteristics:

1. Polyester fabric has high strength and elastic recovery. So durable, wrinkle-resistant, non-ironing.

2. Polyester fabric has poor hygroscopicity, feels sultry when wearing, and is easy to carry static electricity and dust, which affects beauty and comfort. However, it is very easy to dry after washing, and the wet strength hardly decreases, and it does not deform, so it has good washing resistance and wear resistance.

3. Polyester is the fabric with the best heat resistance among synthetic fabrics, which is thermoplastic and can be made into pleated skirts with lasting pleats. At the same time, the polyester fabric has poor melting resistance, and it is easy to form holes when encountering soot and Mars. Therefore, contact with cigarette butts and sparks should be avoided when wearing.

4. The light fastness of polyester fabric is better than that of acrylic fiber, and its light fastness is better than that of natural fiber fabric. Especially behind the glass, the sun resistance is very good, almost equal to acrylic fiber.

5. Polyester fabric has good resistance to various chemicals. Acid and alkali do little damage to it, and it is not afraid of mold and moths.

(2) Variety of polyester fabric

There are many kinds of polyester fabrics. In addition to weaving pure polyester fabrics, there are many products blended or interwoven with various textile fibers, which make up for the shortcomings of pure polyester fabrics and play a better wearing performance. At present, polyester fabrics are developing towards the naturalization of synthetic fibers such as wool, silk, hemp and deerskin.

1. Polyester silk-like fabric is a kind of polyester fabric with real silk appearance, which is woven from polyester filaments or short fiber yarns with round and irregular cross sections. It has the advantages of low price, wrinkle resistance and no ironing, and is deeply loved by consumers. Common varieties are: polyester, polyester crepe, polyester satin, polyester georgette and polyester interwoven yarn. These varieties not only have the elegant drape, smoothness and softness of silk fabrics, but also have the characteristics of stiffness, wear resistance, easy washing and non-ironing of polyester fabrics. The fly in the ointment is that this kind of fabric has poor moisture absorption and breathability, and it is not very cool to wear. In order to overcome this shortcoming, more new polyester fabrics have come out, and high moisture absorption polyester fabric is one of them.

2. Polyester wool-like fabric is a wool fabric made of polyester filaments such as polyester plus elastic yarn, polyester mesh or polyester yarn with various special sections, or blended with medium-long polyester staple fiber and medium-long viscose or medium-long acrylic fiber, which are called worsted wool-like fabric and medium-long wool-like fabric respectively, and the price is lower than that of similar wool-like products. It not only has the characteristics of fullness and elasticity of woolen cloth, but also has the characteristics of fastness, durability, easy washing and quick drying, smoothness, crispness, no deformation and no pilling of polyester. Common varieties are: polyester elastic serge, polyester elastic gabardine, polyester elastic striped tweed, polyester mesh spun wool fabric, polyester viscose medium-long tweed, polyester nitrile hidden tweed and so on.

3. Polyester linen-like fabric is one of the most popular fabrics in the international clothing market. Woven with polyester or polyester-viscose strong twist yarn, it has the dry feeling and appearance style of linen fabric. For example, molik, a light imitation linen, is not only rough in appearance and dry to the touch, but also comfortable and cool to wear, which is very suitable for making shirts and skirts in summer.

4. Deerskin-like polyester fabric is a new type of polyester fabric. Fine denier or superfine denier polyester fiber is used as raw material, and after special finishing, a fine short-staple polyester suede fabric is formed on the fabric base fabric, which is called deerskin-like fabric. Generally, nonwovens, woven fabrics and knitted fabrics are used as base fabrics. It has the style characteristics of soft texture, fine fluff, fullness and elasticity, rich feel and durability. There are three common kinds of artificial high-grade deerskin, artificial high-quality deerskin and artificial common deerskin. Suitable for women's wear, high-end dresses, coats, suits and tops.

Third, nylon fabric.

(A) the characteristics of nylon fiber fabric

Nylon fabric is famous for its excellent wear resistance. It is not only the best choice for down jackets and mountaineering clothes, but also often blended or interwoven with other fibers to improve the strength and fastness of fabrics. The characteristics of nylon fiber fabric can be summarized as follows:

1. The abrasion resistance of nylon fabric ranks first among all kinds of fabrics, which is many times higher than other fiber fabrics of similar products, so it has excellent durability.

2. The hygroscopicity of nylon fabric is a good variety in synthetic fiber fabric, so the clothing made of nylon is more comfortable than polyester clothing.

3. Nylon fabric is a kind of light fabric, which is second only to polypropylene fabric and acrylic fabric in synthetic fiber fabric, and is suitable for making mountaineering clothes and winter clothes.

4. Nylon fabric has excellent elasticity and elastic recovery, but it is easy to deform under a small external force, so its fabric is easy to wrinkle during wearing.

5. Nylon fabric has poor heat resistance and light resistance, so attention should be paid to washing and maintenance conditions when wearing it to avoid damaging the fabric.

(2) Variety of nylon fabric

Nylon fiber fabrics are divided into three categories: pure spinning, blended spinning and interweaving, and each category contains many varieties. Let's briefly introduce them below.

1. nylon pure textiles are all kinds of fabrics made of nylon yarns, such as nylon taffeta and nylon crepe. Because it is woven with long nylon filaments, it has the characteristics of smooth feel, durability and moderate price, but it also has the disadvantages that the fabric is easy to wrinkle and not easy to recover. Nylon taffeta is mostly used to make light clothes, down jackets or raincoat fabrics, while nylon crepe is suitable for summer clothes, spring and autumn shirts and so on.

2. Nylon blended fabrics and interwoven fabrics are made by blending or interweaving nylon filaments or short fibers with other fibers, which have the characteristics and advantages of various fibers. For example, viscose/brocade gabardine is blended with 15% nylon and 85% viscose, which has the characteristics of twice the warp density than the weft density, thick body feeling, toughness and durability, but the disadvantages are poor elasticity, easy wrinkling, decreased wet strength and easy sagging when wearing. In addition, there are viscose/brocade, viscose/brocade/woolen tweed and other varieties, which are commonly used fabrics.

Four. Acrylic fabric

(A) the characteristics of acrylic fiber fabric

Acrylic fabric, commonly known as artificial wool, has a soft and fluffy feeling similar to wool fabric and bright color, which is deeply loved by consumers. Acrylic fiber fabric is characterized by:

Acrylic fiber has the reputation of synthetic wool, and its elasticity and bulkiness are similar to those of natural wool. Therefore, the warmth retention of its fabric is not lower than that of wool fabric, and even higher than that of similar wool fabric by about 15%.

2. Acrylic fabrics are brightly dyed, and the light resistance is the first among all kinds of fiber fabrics. But its wear resistance is the worst among all kinds of synthetic fiber fabrics. Therefore, acrylic fabric is suitable for outdoor clothing, swimwear and children's wear.

3. Acrylic fabric is poor in hygroscopicity, easy to stain and sultry to wear, but good in dimensional stability.

4. Acrylic fabric has good heat resistance, ranking second among synthetic fibers, acid resistance, oxidant resistance, organic solvent resistance and relative sensitivity to alkali.

5. Acrylic fabric is a lightweight fabric among synthetic fiber fabrics, second only to polypropylene, so it is a good lightweight clothing material, such as mountaineering clothes and winter warm clothes.