The Legend of Blueberries Blueberries mean blue berries. It is a perennial green leaf or evergreen shrub with berries. Native and mainly produced in Alaska and other places in the United States, also known as American blueberry. Blueberries are wild, short shrubs with short feet, small particles and high anthocyanin content; The other is cultivated artificially, which can grow to 240 cm high, with larger fruit and more water, but the anthocyanin content is relatively low. The earliest country of blueberry cultivation is the United States, but the cultivation history is less than a hundred years. At present, blueberry has become one of the main fruit trees in the United States. After the United States, countries all over the world are competing to introduce and cultivate blueberries, with Europe, Australia, Oceania, Japan and other developed countries and regions as typical representatives. Blueberries produced in Oceania are also world-class blueberries. Commonly known as: Australian blueberry.
Blueberries originated in North America. At that time, Americans sailing to North America suffered from a serious shortage of fresh fruits and vegetables for a long time? Sepsis? The local Indians gave them a fruit with a star-shaped stem at the bottom. Carambola? Blueberries finally cured them of their illness. Americans think this is the fruit that God has given them to save lives, so they call it blueberry.
During World War II, the Royal Air Force brought some food before the mission. Legend has it that it can enhance the pilot's eye function, enhance the light sense at night, and better complete the task. This is blueberry.
According to legend, three thousand years ago, there lived a dragon king in Tianchi Lake in Changbai Mountain. The Dragon King has a daughter named Blueberry, who looks better than a fairy and is loved by everyone. One year, the Lotus Shop in Changbai Mountain produced a snake essence. It practiced witchcraft and made the demons dance wildly, and there were horrible scenes everywhere. Blueberry begged Tianchi Dragon King to kill the demon. After a life-and-death struggle, blueberry was poisoned by snake essence because of physical exhaustion. When the Dragon King of Tianshan Mountain arrived and killed the snake essence, the blueberry had fallen to the edge of the pool, and there was nothing he could do. Since then, the Lotus Hall has grown into a green dwarf plant covered with purple-black fruits, and people call her blueberry. After the beloved daughter of Tianchi Dragon King turned into a blueberry tree, the old dragon king missed all day and cried every day, until his eyes were almost blind. One night, the little dragon girl had a dream for her father. She said, "Father, I died defending my home. You should be proud of me. It really hurts me to see you cry day and night. If you miss me, eat a few blueberry fruits every day, which is made of my blood and can cure my eyes. ? The old dragon king got up the next day and ate a few blueberry fruits every day as his daughter said. After three months, his eyes really recovered. Because blueberries brought benefits to the people, the Dragon King of Tianchi used magic to commemorate his daughter. Since then, the whole Changbai Mountain area has been covered by this plant. Since then, people at the foot of Changbai Mountain have gone to the mountain to pick blueberry fruits to eat, no matter who has eye problems. It's really amazing. Therefore, people also call it the patron saint of eyes. People in the mountains like this fruit very much. Every time I come back from a day's work and eat a few blueberries, all the fatigue is gone; Old people who eat blueberries are neither deaf nor deaf. Children who eat blueberries look great; Girls eat blueberries, and they are beautiful and in good shape. There are guests at home, and the mountain people regard this fruit as the best hospitality.
The main value of blueberry The average weight of blueberry fruit is 0.5~2.5g, and the maximum weight is 5g. The fruit is beautiful, pleasing to the eye, blue, and covered with 1 layer of white fruit powder. The flesh is fine and the seeds are very small, and the edible rate is 65,438+000%. Light and fragrant, sweet and sour, it is a good fresh food. Besides conventional sugar, acid and Vc, blueberry fruit is also rich in VE, VA, VB, SOD, arbutin, protein, anthocyanin, dietary fiber and mineral elements such as K, Fe, Zn and Ca. According to the analysis of 14 blueberry varieties introduced from abroad by the Small Berry Research Institute of Jilin Agricultural University, the content of anthocyanins in fruits is as high as 163mg/ 100g, and the content of fresh fruit VE is 9.3L|g/ 100g, which is several times or even dozens times that of other fruits such as apples and grapes. The content of total amino acids is 0.254%, which is higher than that of hawthorn rich in amino acids.
Blueberry fruit has strong medicinal value and nutritional and health functions, and is listed as one of the five health foods for human beings by FAO.
nutritive value
Blueberries are rich in nutrients, not only conventional nutrients, but also flavonoids and polysaccharides, so they are also called? Fruit queen? And then what? King of berries? .
First, conventional nutrients
Blueberry has delicate pulp, unique flavor, moderate sweet and sour taste and pleasant aroma. Blueberries are rich in conventional nutrients such as protein and vitamins, and the contents of minerals and trace elements are also considerable. Therefore, blueberries are called. Fruit queen? Really worthy of the name!
Second, special nutrients
1, anthocyanin
Anthocyanin is a very important plant water-soluble pigment, which belongs to pure natural anti-aging nutritional supplement and is the most effective antioxidant bioactive agent discovered by human beings at present. The content of anthocyanins in blueberry is very high, and the types of anthocyanins are also very rich. It was found that the anthocyanin content in the fruit of Vaccinium uliginosum was as high as 15. Although the anthocyanin content of different varieties of blueberry is not the same, it is generally high.
2. Total acids and organic acids
The content of organic acids in blueberry accounts for more than half of the total acid content. Most organic acids are citric acid, others are ursolic acid, quinic acid and malic acid. Ursolic acid, also known as ursolic acid, belongs to a class of weakly acidic pentacyclic triterpenoids. It is a functional component of many natural products and has a wide range of biological activities, especially in anti-tumor.
3. Phenolic acid
Blueberries contain many kinds of polyphenols, among which phenolic acid is an important one. Phenolic acid is a phenolic substance with good nutritional function and antioxidant activity. Blueberries contain more than ten kinds of phenolic acids, among which chlorogenic acid, also known as caffeic tannic acid, is the highest. It is found that it has obvious inhibitory effect on many cancers (lung cancer, esophageal cancer, etc.). ), and its antioxidant effect is also very strong.
4, superoxide dismutase
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an acidic metalloenzyme widely existing in organisms, and it is an important free radical scavenger in organisms. Its main function is to specifically scavenge superoxide anion free radicals produced in biological oxidation, which is known as? 2 1 century medical care fund? . Blueberries are rich in superoxide dismutase. Although the SOD content of different varieties of blueberry is slightly different, there is little difference in general.
5. gum
Pectin is a polysaccharide polymer. Scientific research has found that pectin can effectively remove toxic substances such as undigested chyme in human body, and at the same time help to regulate postprandial blood sugar and intestinal flora balance, which is very important for many modern people. Civilization disease? It plays a very good role in prevention and adjuvant treatment. The pectin content in blueberry is rich, which is about 1-3 times that of ordinary apple or banana.
6, rosewood stilbene
Chelidonium majus, named after its first discovery in Chelidonium. In 2004, scientists first isolated pterostilbene from berries such as blueberries and grapes. It is found that pterostilbene also has good antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects. The role of pterostilbene in anti-cancer has also been highly concerned by people, especially in anti-colon cancer, pterostilbene has shown very gratifying results.
In addition to the above nutrients, blueberry also contains Yunbin tannin, sodium benzoate and other substances, which is why the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization has identified blueberry as one of the five healthy foods for human beings.
Third, the value of diet.
Blueberry is a kind of fruit pulp with high nutritional value, which is rich in vitamins, protein, minerals and other nutrients. Among them, the unique and precious anthocyanin pigments in blueberries account for a very high proportion in many fruits, and blueberries are rich in nutrients such as protein, dietary fiber, fat and vitamins, which are higher than other fruits. Blueberries are also rich in trace mineral elements such as calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium and zinc, and the proportion of these mineral elements is obviously higher than that of other fruits. So blueberry is a kind of fruit with high nutrition.
Anthocyanin can protect eyes. The high content of anthocyanin pigment in blueberry has a good maintenance effect on human eyes. It can relieve eye fatigue and improve people's vision. Blueberries not only contain vitamin A, but also mainly contain anthocyanins, which can directly accelerate the synthesis and regeneration of retina and rhodopsin and make eyes shine! Kazuhiro Nakagawa, a doctor of biomedicine in Japan, wrote: Medical clinical reports show that anthocyanins in blueberries can promote the regeneration of rhodopsin in retinal cells, prevent myopia and improve vision. Blueberries are rich in vitamins and minerals.
Eating more blueberries can improve human immunity and improve human quality.
In addition, the rich vitamin C in blueberries can prevent cancer and resist heart disease. Blueberries are rich in pectin, which can dilute human fat and protect cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health. In addition, blueberries are rich in antioxidants, which can delay human aging.
Anthocyanins in blueberries have strong antioxidant capacity, which can resist free radicals, delay aging and prevent cell degeneration. They have certain effects on inhibiting platelet aggregation and preventing brain diseases, arteriosclerosis and other diseases. At the same time, they can also strengthen capillaries, improve blood circulation, reduce platelet viscosity, prevent thrombosis, enhance heart and brain function, enhance children's bone density and prevent constipation.
Suitable for all ages, especially patients with heart disease, each time 10 ~ 20.
Do not eat when diarrhea; Because some ingredients in blueberry juice can cause protein to solidify, it is not allowed to be eaten with dairy products such as milk.
Fourth, the value of medical care.
Vaccinium uliginosum is rich in amino acids, trace elements, anthocyanins (mainly composed of cyanidin -3- galactoside, paeoniflorin -3- galactoside and cyanidin -3- glucoside), anthocyanins, catechins and other polyphenols. Among them, Vaccinium uliginosum anthocyanin has strong antioxidant capacity, good curative effect on ophthalmology, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and can play a variety of functions such as beauty and health care. The vitamin content is average, but the contents of vitamin E and pyridoxine (vitamin B6) are relatively high. Flavonoids account for 0.5% of dry weight, which has the functions of lowering blood pressure, softening blood vessels, preventing arteriosclerosis, lowering blood sugar and reducing cholesterol accumulation. Fruit juice has the ability to decompose carcinogenic nitrosamines. Leaves and fruits have astringent, heat-clearing and other effects, and medicine can strengthen the stomach, promote digestion and stop diarrhea.
Vaccinium uliginosum can also be used to treat infectious urethritis, cystitis and other diseases. It is rich in copper, iron, zinc, manganese, calcium and magnesium. Manganese is helpful to treat nephropathy, and its content is higher than that of copper, which is helpful to anti-aging; Zinc is helpful to the treatment of chronic kidney diseases. For example, uremia patients can alleviate their condition after zinc supplementation. The zinc content of Vaccinium uliginosum is 8 1.7 μ g/g, which is helpful to the treatment of kidney diseases. Vaccinium uliginosum and Vaccinium uliginosum can be used to treat nerve cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress, and they have good protective effects on nerve cells, and the protective effects of Vaccinium uliginosum are better than those of Vaccinium uliginosum.
The nutritional components of Vaccinium uliginosum leaves are similar to those of fruits and can be used as health tea. The decoction of the roots and leaves of Vaccinium uliginosum is often used as a mild laxative, or it is dried and ground and applied externally to the wound.
The effect of blueberry is 1, which protects eyesight.
Studies have found that eating blueberries can reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration by 38%.
Step 2 prevent constipation
1 cup of fresh blueberries contains about 4g of dietary fiber, accounting for 14% of the daily intake of dietary fiber. The water-soluble dietary fiber in blueberries can promote intestinal peristalsis and prevent constipation.
3. Enhance immunity
Studies have found that blueberries contain more antioxidants than other fresh fruits and vegetables. Antioxidants can neutralize free radicals in the body and strengthen the immune system.
4. reduce your stomach.
The polyphenols rich in blueberries can decompose abdominal fat and help control weight. In addition, blueberries are low in calories and will not cause obesity.
5. Improve your brain power
Dried blueberries as snacks can improve brain vitality. A new study found that flavonoids rich in blueberries can alleviate memory loss in the elderly.
6, good for heart health
Blueberries contain ingredients that can help blood vessels dilate, thus reducing the risk of thrombosis and heart disease. Studies have found that eating more than five servings of blueberries a week can reduce the risk of heart disease.
Step 7 lower blood sugar
Eating blueberries helps diabetics to regulate their blood sugar levels. Eating 5 servings of low glycemic index fruits such as blueberries every week for two months can significantly improve the ability of blood sugar regulation.
8. Strong bones
Blueberries are rich in trace element manganese, which plays a key role in bone development. The study found that children who like blueberries have higher bone density than those who don't.
9. Prevention of cancer
Anthocyanins in blueberries can inhibit the growth of tumor cells, and eating half a cup a day can achieve anti-cancer effect.
10, prevention of cystitis
Medicinal value
Blueberries can effectively lower cholesterol, prevent atherosclerosis and promote cardiovascular health; Has the functions of enhancing heart function, preventing cancer and heart disease, preventing brain nerve aging and enhancing brain power; Can enhance vision and reduce eyeball fatigue. In addition, blueberries can also treat the common cold, sore throat and diarrhea.
The juice yield of Vaccinium uliginosum is 80-85%, the sugar content of the juice is 80- 1 10g/L, the total acid content is 20-25g/L, and the tannin content is 1.5-2.5g/L, but the disadvantage is that it is easy to stick to lips, teeth and skin. Toast fruit wine brewed with fruit juice is purplish red in color, transparent and clear, sweet and sour in taste, and suitable for people with low alcohol consumption.
The fruit vinegar brewed by Vaccinium uliginosum juice pomace is rich in nutrition, which can regulate the metabolic balance, improve the detoxification and immunity of human body, and has a strong anti-cancer effect. Strong ability to decompose alcohol, good hangover relieving effect, control skin oil secretion, and have certain beauty and skin care effects. The tannin content of Vaccinium uliginosum stem and leaf is 6%, which can be used to extract tannin extract.
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