Sow in autumn or spring. In South China, south of Huaihe River, it is suitable for autumn sowing and can be mowed in the next spring. Sow in Yichun, North China and Northwest China, sow in April-May, and harvest in September-65438+1October. When the temperature drops below 25℃ in early autumn, broadcast it as soon as possible. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River should be sown in the middle and late September, no later than the middle of 65438+ 10 or before the end of March, but the yield of fresh grass and seeds of some varieties sown in spring is lower than that sown in autumn. According to the seed quality, determine the sowing amount. Under the condition that the germination rate and purity meet the standard, the sowing amount per mu is 1.5-2 kg. General drilling can also be broadcast or interplanted, and the row spacing of grass collection is 20-30 cm. Cover the soil for 2-3 cm after sowing, and suppress it after sowing in the north. In some intensive areas in southern Jiangsu, seedlings can also be transplanted.
Soil preparation: Ryegrass seeds are small and light, which need careful soil preparation. In order to ensure the quality of sowing and the good development of root system, it is necessary to deeply cultivate the ground, and the tillage depth is not less than 20 cm. Ryegrass seeds are small and light, so they should be intensively cultivated and harrowed before sowing, and the stubble should be removed immediately after the previous crop is harvested. Australian ryegrass has deep roots, so the soil must be deeply cultivated, and the soil should be subdivided and the ground should be as flat as possible to facilitate the growth and development of seedlings.
Fertilization: At present, most of the land where grass is planted has poor fertility, and grass needs more fertilizer, so the application of base fertilizer is very important. The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, with high-quality manure 1500-2000 kg per mu, and appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer (standard nitrogen 10 kg) can also be added. In phosphorus-deficient soil, calcium superphosphate 15-25 kg mixed with organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer per mu. Top dressing in winter and early spring is usually 7.5- 10 kg urea per mu. Fertilizer should be applied 1 time after mowing, and urea should be applied 6-8kg per mu each time.
Ryegrass has strong tillering ability, fast growth and high grass yield, so it needs to absorb more nutrients from the soil. If there is a lack of fertilizer, the yield will drop, and nitrogen fertilizer is the most sensitive. Applying nitrogen fertilizer can improve the tiller and plant growth rate. The practice of the experimental field of special animal and plant varieties in Minquan County, Henan Province is to apply 3000 kg of organic fertilizer or 50 kg of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer per mu before sowing, and seed dressing with 20 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer at seedling stage and every time.
Field management: Ryegrass grows slowly at seedling stage, so intertillage and weeding should be done in time. Monobroadcast fields such as broad-leaved weeds can be sprayed with 2,4-D sodium salt at seedling stage, which is 1-2 times, and the plants grow rapidly after spring, which can inhibit the growth of weeds. Irrigation is needed when the weather is dry. Lolium multiflorum is vulnerable to armyworm and stem borer, so it should be controlled in time.
If there are too many weeds in Lolium perenne seedling stage, weeding should be done in time. If the soil is hardened, it should be cultivated in time. Combined with soil cultivation, Australian ryegrass is sensitive to water at tillering stage, jointing stage and booting stage, so it should be watered properly to keep the field moist. Australian ryegrass has strong resistance to pests and diseases. If the harm of cutworms, larvae and crickets is found at seedling stage, pesticides such as carbofuran and trichlorfon can be used for prevention and control.