First, the influence of sports.
Since the first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens, Greece in 1896, for a long time, the influence of the Olympic Games was mainly manifested in the field of sports, and hosting the Olympic Games was a pure sports event. This is also the inevitable result of the historical period when the Olympic Games began to take shape and was far from being recognized by the society. At this time, the influence of the Olympic Games on the host country is mainly to popularize and promote the development of modern sports. The Olympic Games in this period had little influence on other aspects of the host society because there were few participating countries and regions and the resources involved were limited.
Second, political influence.
After the end of World War II, a cold war pattern of bipolar confrontation led by the Soviet Union and the United States was formed, and the Olympic Games also became a stage for political competition. Marked by 1952, the Soviet Union participated in the Helsinki Olympic Games, and political factors became the main driving force for the development of the Olympic Games. From the 1950s to the mid-1980s, the Olympic Games was intertwined with the contest of political system, national sovereignty and prestige, which led to political conflicts of all sizes. During this period, the political intentions of the host countries of the Olympic Games became increasingly clear, and they regarded the Olympic Games as a tool to pursue national political interests and achieve national goals. For example, 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games and 1972 Munich Olympic Games all have strong political intentions, aiming to show the world the new image of Japan and Germany after World War II. 1988 Seoul Olympic Games made South Korea, which was on the edge of the international community, get unprecedented attention from the international community, broke the ice of international relations and became a milestone in the development history of South Korea.
At the end of the 20th century, the Cold War ended, but the political influence of the Olympic Games and the political utilization of the Olympic Games by the host country did not end with the end of the Cold War, but the forms of expression changed, and the conflict of political ideology was no longer the focus, instead, attention was paid to cultural differences and conflicts.
Third, the economic impact
After World War II, the political motivation of the cold war pattern and the rapid development of science and technology greatly expanded the scale of the Olympic Games and greatly increased the cost of hosting it. However, the organizers of the Olympic Games (the International Olympic Committee and the host city) have not yet found an economic operation model suitable for the Olympic Games of this scale. In order to pursue the political influence of the Olympic Games, the host country has to invest huge economic costs and bear a heavy economic burden. 1976 The high debt left by the Montreal Olympic Games to the host city once made the Olympic Games unsustainable. This situation began to change in the mid-1980s. The 23rd Olympic Games, held in Los Angeles from 65438 to 0984, successfully created an operation mode conforming to the laws of market economy, fully released the potential economic benefits of the Olympic Games, and played a significant role in boosting the economic development and municipal construction of the host country. So on the basis of the original sports and political influence, the economic influence is superimposed.
Fourth, environmental impact.
Driven by political and economic forces, the scale of the Olympic Games has been further expanded. The Olympic Games not only brought profound changes to the natural landscape and human landscape of the host place, but also caused great pressure on the environment, leaving a lasting follow-up impact, thus causing corresponding ecological problems and follow-up development problems in a larger space-time scope. 199 1 year, the IOC revised its constitution to include environmental protection, and established a special committee on sports and environment. Since 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, the host country has re-examined the Olympic Games from the perspective of sustainable development and taken measures to reduce the negative impact of hosting the Olympic Games on the environment and energy.
The core value of sustainable development is harmony, so this concept not only leads to the harmonious development between people and the environment, but also covers all issues related to harmony, including social issues, such as the harmony between elite sports and mass sports, the participation of vulnerable groups, and the rights of large and small countries. Olympic Games has become a comprehensive force for sustainable development.
To sum up, the potential of the Olympic Games is various, which can be used to promote the development of different fields of society, and its influence on the host country is multi-dimensional and all-round. However, hosting the Olympic Games naturally cannot bring the expected results to the host country. Organizers often choose or focus on their own national conditions to achieve their goals, which makes the Olympic Games have different influences in different countries. For example, in terms of economic impact, due to the huge difference in economic aggregates between Australia and the United States, the economic impact intensity of Atlanta Olympic Games on the United States is far less than that of Sydney Olympic Games on Australia. For example, Seoul and Barcelona aim at urban renewal, while Los Angeles and Atlanta have little demand in this respect, so there are obvious differences in the transformation of municipal construction in these Olympic Games, which of course also affects the types of industries that have benefited from these Olympic Games.