Lymphoma is the basic pathogen of pleural effusion, which is generally fever, emaciation and iron deficiency anemia. Pleural involvement can lead to pleural effusion, and thoracic lymph nodes are often swollen on one or both sides. Lymph node and bone marrow puncture are helpful for diagnosis.
Lung abscess: acute onset, high fever, coughing up a lot of thick sputum, white blood cell count and neutrophil increase, antibiotic treatment is reasonable and effective. Cavities are mostly located in the lower lobe of the lung, and the surrounding inflammation and infiltration are more serious. The liquid level often appears in the cavity, and tuberculosis cavity mostly appears in the upper lobe of the lung, with thin cavity wall and less liquid level.
Tuberculosis and tuberculous pleurisy: Tuberculosis often presents symptoms of systemic poisoning, such as low fever, lethargy, cold sweat, weight loss, insomnia, palpitation and shortness of breath. It may be accompanied by hemoptysis, or it may be a first visit. Blood test showed that TB antibody was positive, and X-ray examination showed that the disease was mostly in the upper lobe of both lungs, with uneven relative density, polymorphism, multiple lesions, multiple thickening, rare nodule aggregation, cavities or lungs. Cytological classification of tuberculous pleurisy pleural effusion is mainly mononuclear cells, and the ADA of pleural effusion is increased.
Pleural effusion caused by heart failure: this can be seen in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Generally, there are other symptoms and clinical symptoms of heart failure, such as dyspnea during progressive labor, sitting breathing, sudden dyspnea at night, peripheral edema, jugular vein dilatation, rales in both lungs or galloping rhythm. After the symptoms of heart failure are improved, most of the pleural effusion can dissipate automatically. Wet rales can be heard in the lower parts of both lungs. In addition to pleural effusion, mammograms may have heart enlargement. Pleural effusion is often bilateral and exposed.
Pulmonary infection with pleural effusion: the onset is urgent, and the symptoms are fever, chest pain, dry cough, expectoration and shortness of breath. X-ray examination showed lung infection. At the initial stage, pleural effusion was grass yellow with high white blood cells, mainly neutrophils. Protein >: 25g/l, pathogen can be found in pleural effusion smear and culture, and antibiotic treatment is reasonable and effective.