He lived as a nomad in the early days, lived in North Asia, and often clashed with Xiongnu, then moved west to Central Asia.
At this time, the monthly branch began to develop and gradually presented the embryonic form of the country.
As Da Yue is located on the Silk Road, it has controlled the trade between the East and the West, and gradually became stronger.
Later, it was captured by the Huns and divided into two parts: the one who moved westward to Yili was called Dayue; Today, those who moved south to China, Gansu and Qinghai are called Xiaoyuezhi.
history
Chinese and foreign historians have different views on the origin of Yue family.
According to the research of China scholar Wang Guowei, Yue's family is Bian Yu in Biography of Yi Wang Huijie and Yu Zhi or Yu Shi in Biography of Mu.
European scholars are also looking for records equivalent to Yue's in ancient western documents, and there are no fewer than six or seven different opinions.
Regarding the Yue clan, China ancient books such as Wei Lue called it Qiang, and Old Tang Shu called it Rong.
In the past hundred years, there have been many different opinions in academic circles: Tibetan, Turkic, Indo-European, Persian and so on.
Because they have no words and Yue's own records are incomplete, we can only understand them through the one-sided records in China's history books.
We know from China's history books that Yue lived in Hexi Corridor, about west of Lanzhou, Gansu Province, and all the way to Dunhuang.
As early as the early Warring States period, the Vietnamese lived a nomadic life in this area.
In the early Qin and Han dynasties, Yue was powerful. Together with the East Lake in the eastern part of the Mongolian Plateau, it shocked the Huns living in the central part of the Mongolian Plateau from two aspects. Xiongnu once sent protons to Yue family.
At the end of Qin dynasty, Xiongnu proton fled back from Yue family and killed his father to stand on his own feet. About 205-202 BC, troops were sent to attack the Yue family, and the Yue family was defeated.
Perhaps from then on, the Vietnamese began to abandon the Hexi Corridor and migrate westward.
Before 177 BC or 176 BC, modu chanyu defeated Yue again.
According to the letter Morton Khan wrote to Liu Heng, the emperor of China, in BC 174, "Therefore, he punished You Xian Wang and asked Yue Shi to beat him in the west.
God bless, officer Liang Ma Zhuang, Yue people were destroyed by barbarians and killed.
Loulan, Wusun, Hu Jie and the surrounding 26 countries are Huns, and the people who led the bow merged into one family, which was decided by Zhou Beiding.
"After the defeat, the Vietnamese moved westward to the Junggar Basin.
In the old society (174 ~ 16 1), the Huns broke the Yue family again, and the Yue family moved westward to the Yili River basin.
When Yue people left Hexi, a small number of people crossed Qilian Mountain, "Bao Nan Qiang, posthumous title Abortion".
This part of the Vietnamese will stay here for a long time in the future and gradually integrate with the Qiang people in Qinghai.
The Ili River valley was once inhabited by Serbs for a long time.
Hanshu? Biography of Zhang Qian: "The Yue people have been destroyed by the Huns and attacked the King Sai in the west.
The king of Cyprus moved to the far south, and the Vietnamese lived on their land.
Serbs are Sacae in ancient Iranian inscriptions and ancient Greek documents.
The Vietnamese killed the Serbs, migrated southwest, crossed the Syr Darya River and reached Sogdia in the middle of the river.
Wusun, who had moved to the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain and worked for the Xiongnu, under the command of his king Kunmo, "attacked Dayue's family in the west", forcing Dayue's family to abandon Ili area and migrate to the southwest like Serbs, and Wusun occupied their territory from then on.
The age of this migration is about BC 139 ~ BC 129.
Some people who failed to move westward, like a few Serbs, still stayed in the same place and belonged to Wusun, so Hanshu said that Wusun had "plug seeds and big moon seeds".
In the 2nd century BC, Dayue left the Hexi Corridor to "fill the land", and was chased by similar Wusun, and went south to Tushuo rostain, far away from the northern Tianzhu country.
The royal family in Khotan in the Tang Dynasty, the most popular clan in Xixia in the Song Dynasty, and the clans in Gansu and Qinghai, such as Waza and Uhezha, are all descendants of Yue or Uhezha. The pattern of Yue nationality spreading all over Hexi, Central Asia and South Asia was formed in the long-term and repeated migration activities.
Otsuka
Before 162, Da Yue was captured by Xiongnu again.
At that time, Laoshang Khan, the son of modu chanyu, also killed the king of Dayue family, cut off the king's head and brought it back to Xiongnu to make a tragedy with his skull.
The Vietnamese hated the Huns, but they suffered from no backup.
The only defeated Da Yue moved west again and came to Sogdian.
Here, the big moon family conquered Daxia and established a country in the local area.
After the founding of New China, it prospered due to the transit of trade.
(Summer is Bactria established by the Greeks in Central Asia.
About the demise of Bactria, the big moon family is just one of them.
Another way of saying it is that it was destroyed by Xixu people.
)
In 138 BC, after hearing the news that Wang Yueshi was killed, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty immediately summoned people who could be sent to Yueshi, because sending Yueshi had to go through Xiongnu.
Zhang Qian came to apply, and he only took 100 people to the Western Expedition.
Out of Longxi, in case of tarquin, Zhang Qian and his party were all captured alive and brought to Khan.
When Khan learned that Zhang Qian was going to send an envoy to Yue's home, he said angrily, "Yue's home is in the north of me, and your Han Dynasty is going to send an envoy over my head? I want to go to South Vietnam. Will Han Tianzi agree? " So Khan detained Zhang Qian in Xiongnu for ten years, forcing him to take his wife and children with him, hoping to kill his will, but Zhang Qian always remembered his mission.
Finally, one day, Zhang Qian took advantage of the lax guards to escape, climbed mountains and crossed mountains, and went west for dozens of days, and came to Dawan. King Dawan heard about his experience and the richness of the Central Plains. He was very happy and wanted to make friends with the Han Dynasty, so he sent a guide to lead Zhang Qian to Kangju and then moved to Renyue.
However, at this time, Yue had established a new wife as king. They surrendered to the kingdom of Daxia and got a fertile land to live and work in. They couldn't bear to take revenge on the Huns anymore.
What's more, they felt that the Han Dynasty was too far away from them and it was more difficult to help them.
Zhang Qian stayed in Ren Yue for a year, but he failed to complete his mission successfully, so he had to return home.
According to legend, Dayue was the one who brought Buddhism to China.
At that time, it was 2 BC, and Yicun, the envoy of the King of Yue, introduced oral classics such as Fotu Buddhism.
However, it has also been pointed out that this statement is rather hasty.
Xiaoyueshi
As for the abortion branch, that is, Gansu and Qinghai, which moved to the southeast in China today, because Gansu and Qinghai were still outside China at that time and were ruled by Xiongnu, this group of Ren Yue people living among Xiongnu gradually merged with Xiongnu, which was called Lushui Lake, another part of Xiongnu.
Among them, the Juqu family pushed the post-Han Liang official circles as the main business and established the North Liang in Gansu area today.
After Qu Mengxun killed Duan Ye, he became the master of Beiliang.
Later, it was destroyed by the Xianbei people Tuoba's Northern Wei Dynasty.
Da Yue Family and Guishuang Dynasty
In the past, historians have always believed that the Guishuang Dynasty was founded by Da Yueshi.
But later, as more historical relics from the past were excavated and more ancient documents were interpreted, this view was proved to be wrong.
On the Pronunciation of Yue "Yue"
The word "moon" in the Yue family was originally pronounced as "meat", which is the result of misinformation and misunderstanding.
"Yue" and "Rou" in Shuo Wen Jie Zi are similar but different radicals, but they are often confused.
The new edition of Ci Hai changes the pronunciation of "Moon" to "Moon".
The "Yue" country has long been recorded in the historical records of the pre-Qin period, that is, the "Yu" country recorded in Yizhoushu and Guanzi.
Yu and Yue are different translations of the same foreign pronunciation and should not be pronounced as "meat".
In the Chinese dictionary of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China (Taiwan Province Province), Yue also reads "yuezh:".
However, it accepts two pronunciations: "ㄖㄡㄓ" (Rü uzh) and "ㄖㄨㄓ" (Rü zh).