Antirheumatic drugs are also called second-line drugs or slow-acting antirheumatic drugs. Methotrexate is commonly used, orally or intravenously; Sulfasalazine, starting from a small dose, gradually increased, and hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide, cyclosporine, auranofin, total glucosides of paeony, etc.
Yunke, technetium methylene diphosphate injection, is a non-excited isotope, which can quickly relieve symptoms in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with few adverse reactions. Intravenous medication, 10 days is a course of treatment.
Biological agents At present, several biological agents have been approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and achieved certain results. Infliximab, also known as TNF-α chimeric monoclonal antibody, has been proved by clinical trials to be effective in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have no response to methotrexate. The fusion protein of etanercept or human recombinant TNF receptor p75 and IgGFc fragment, and the fusion protein of etanercept and human recombinant TNF receptor p75 and IgGFc fragment are effective and well tolerated in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and AS. At present, there are two kinds of commercial dosage forms in China: Len and Exept. Adalimumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody TocilizumabIL-6 receptor antagonist against TNF-α, which is mainly used for moderate and severe RA and may be effective for patients with poor response to TNF-α antagonist. Rituximab has achieved satisfactory results in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rituximab can also be used in combination with cyclophosphamide or methotrexate.
At present, there are many kinds of herbal medicines for treating rheumatoid arthritis, such as tripterygium wilfordii, total glucosides of paeony, sinomenine and so on. Some drugs have a certain effect on rheumatoid arthritis, but the mechanism of action needs further study.
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis often have high titers of autoantibodies, a large number of circulating immune complexes, high immunoglobulin and so on. Therefore, in addition to drug therapy, immune purification therapy can be used to quickly remove immune complexes and excessive immunoglobulin and autoantibodies in plasma. If there are too many immunocompetent lymphocytes, monocyte clearance therapy can also be used to improve the functions of T, B cells, macrophages and natural killer cells, reduce blood viscosity, achieve the purpose of improving symptoms and improve the curative effect of drug treatment.
Functional exercise is an important method to restore and maintain joint function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Generally speaking, in the acute stage of joint swelling and pain, joint activity should be appropriately restricted. However, once the swelling and pain are improved, functional activities should be carried out without increasing the pain of patients. For those who have no obvious joint swelling and pain, but are accompanied by reversible joint activity limitation, regular functional exercise should be encouraged. In conditional hospitals, it should be carried out under the guidance of rheumatologists and rehabilitation experts.