Group training method:
Group training method refers to the training of various contents under the unified guidance of coaches. Group training is generally used for warm-up activities, physical exercises and basic skills exercises, and it is also one of the training means to adjust the amount of exercise. Coaches should have clear objectives, rich contents and reasonable methods when arranging group training. Athletes are trained together to correct the shortcomings of the same sex, improve the enthusiasm of practice and cultivate the spirit of collective attention. Group practice is conducive to emotional communication between coaches and athletes, as well as between athletes. It can create a good atmosphere and improve the overall effect, which is of great help to improve athletes' physical quality and fencing basic skills.
Double training method:
Double training method refers to that two athletes cooperate with each other to complete various technical trainings under the guidance of the coach's knowledge and according to the characteristics of double confrontation in the competition. It is based on the principles and characteristics of fencing competition. When practicing in pairs, the object and content of practice should be arranged according to the purpose of training competition, the age, level and specialty of athletes. He can choose opponents through the changes of content and different requirements, and cultivate athletes' sense of sword, distance, opportunity and rhythm. Coaches should consider the relationship between athletes and match them reasonably when arranging double practice. Only by correctly handling the relationship with sparring athletes can athletes get the best training effect. This training method can not only carry out basic technical exercises, but also exercise in various tactical exercises. It is a bridge between basic skills and actual combat, and it is one of the main methods of fencing training. Both beginners and high-level athletes must attach importance to this dual training method.
Personal training methods:
Individual exercise refers to the method that athletes carry out various special exercises by themselves. It is generally used to get familiar with the basic movements of fencing, correct some habitual mistakes and solve the basic exercises without sparring. It can also be used for the recovery training of injured athletes. In this way, athletes can choose whether to hold a sword or not through the target and mirror to practice the coordination of pace, technique and physical reaction. Personal training is an indispensable training method in systematic training.
Simulation training method:
Simulation training method refers to training in an environment similar to the competition conditions on the basis of mastering accurate information, or imitating the characteristics of opponents to be met in the competition. The contents of the simulation mainly include: the opponent's figure, strength, speed, sword-holding arm, nerve type, psychological characteristics and tactical characteristics, and also consider the situation of the competition venue, including audience, competition time, referee and so on. To carry out simulation training, first of all, we should make full investigation and study, grasp the necessary actual information, and make a simulation training plan on this basis. In order to achieve the best effect of simulated training, athletes should be integrated with environmental conditions and trained under similar conditions. In short, the more realistic the simulation, the better the effect. Simulation training is generally used in the upcoming competition training, with the purpose of understanding the opponent, adapting to the competition and finally defeating the opponent.
Practical training methods:
Practical training method refers to the method of practical training in a planned way under the specific guidance of coaches. Actual combat practice is different from double practice and formal competition. Its difficulty is higher than that of double practice and lower than that of formal competition, which is a training method for the transition from practice to competition. When conducting actual combat exercises, we must have a clear purpose and the contents of the arrangement should not be so complicated as in the past. We can solve one or two practical problems at a time. Actual combat training is divided into conditional combat and unconditional combat. Conditional actual combat is a method often used in actual combat practice, which limits the skills and tactics in actual combat. Athletes are required to train according to certain requirements in order to complete the task. And get some improvements or overcome some shortcomings from it. Unconditional actual combat training is actual combat training without restrictive conditions. It can freely use all kinds of techniques and tactics, regardless of the relationship between victory and defeat. It can improve athletes' awareness of actual combat, be familiar with new moves and tactics, cultivate athletes' competitive ability and improve their technical, tactical, physical and psychological qualities.
Recovery skills after fencing;
Recovery and rest of fencing (1)
After training, the most basic thing is to relax. Because the nerve sensitivity will be high during training, generally speaking, the attention is highly concentrated, so the neurons in the cerebral cortex are prone to fatigue; At the same time, the muscles and breathing stimulated by the internal and external environment will produce symptoms such as tension, fatigue and disorder. At this time, muscle relaxation can inhibit the excitement caused by muscle tension in the body, thus improving the muscle control ability.
When you relax, you should consciously give language hints to all parts of your body. Then start from a certain point of the body and gradually expand to the whole body to relax. For example, from hands to forearms, arms, neck, shoulders, chest, back, abdomen, buttocks, and finally to thighs and calves.
Recovery and rest of fencing (2)
After relaxing, start to recover your strength. Friends with a little common sense know that it is not easy to rest immediately after strenuous exercise, and fencing is no exception. Sudden stop after strenuous exercise, the static state of the body is not conducive to breathing and blood supply. On the contrary, a small amount of moderate finishing activities can accelerate the elimination of metabolism, which is an important means to eliminate fatigue and accelerate physical recovery in leisure sports. So after training, you can walk slowly on the kendo 1 2 times, and at the same time, the upper body can do a slight chest-expanding rotation to accelerate oxygen inhalation and blood circulation.
Recovery and rest of fencing (3)
Many friends don't have the habit of exercise at ordinary times, so it is inevitable that their muscles will be sore after they start training, especially after practicing footwork, the thigh muscles will gather a lot of lactic acid. At this time, the simplest and most effective way is to take a hot bath. According to the experiment, athletes have an average of 30 mg of lactic acid per 100 ml of blood before bathing after moderate intensity training. Soaking in warm water at 42℃ for 5 minutes will reduce 7 to 8 mg, and after soaking for 30 to 40 minutes, it will basically return to the pre-exercise level.
After taking a bath, you can use massage and hot compress to eliminate the pain. Massage is generally concentrated in the part with the largest exercise load, and can be carried out by rubbing, rubbing, shaking and beating. The order is to massage the large muscle group first, and then massage the small muscle group. It is suggested that hot compress should be carried out 2 ~ 3 hours after exercise, and the temperature should be kept at about 47℃~ 48℃, with emphasis on the obviously sore parts.