Second, the people in power.
Three, bamboo, lotus, chrysanthemum alias. 4. Plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum are called the Four Gentlemen.
5. The wife calls her husband. "I haven't seen a gentleman, I'm in a hurry." (The Book of Songs Zhao Nan)
Sixth, respect for ancestors.
Seven, refers to men. "Guan Guan follows the dove. In Jianghu, a gentle and graceful lady is a gentle and graceful gentleman." (The Book of Songs Nan Zhou)
Eight, in the upper position. "He is a gentleman, he is not a vegetarian." ("The Book of Songs, Cutting Tan" "Savages can't be cured without gentlemen, and gentlemen can't be raised without savages." (Mencius Teng Wengong)
Nine, studious people. "Confucius said: A gentleman does not think about satiety and security; If you are sensitive to things and speak carefully, you will be correct and thirsty for knowledge. Generally speaking, the word gentleman has more than one meaning. There are many explanations, and they are quite confusing.
In Confucianism, the word gentleman has moral significance. "The gentleman's way is three, I can't do anything. The benevolent does not worry, the knower is not confused, and the brave is not afraid. This seems to be the most concrete meaning of the word gentleman in virtue.
2. What does a gentleman mean in classical Chinese?
The concept of "gentleman" in various schools in China, the word "gentleman" is widely found in pre-Qin classics, which means "the son of the king" and emphasizes the lofty political status. Then Confucius endowed the word "gentleman" with moral meaning, and from then on, the word "gentleman" had virtue.
1. refers to a person with noble personality and good conduct (Confucianism)
2. Rulers and aristocratic men are collectively referred to as "villains" or "savages".
3. Ancient times refers to people with high status.
4. Respect others, Mr. You Yan.
5. The old lady calls her husband.
Excerpted from Baidu Encyclopedia "Gentleman" entry.
3. The translation of classical Chinese "A gentleman is cautious about independence" begins with Confucius' saying that "the earlier the better". Confucius said, "After I die, business will get worse and worse." Ceng Zi said, "What is it?" Confucius said, "Merchants are virtuous, doers are virtuous, and those without virtue are virtuous. I don't know my son but look at his father. " I don't know who he is, but treat him as a friend; I don't know who it is, see what it does; If you don't know the land, just look at its vegetation. So, if you live in a good place, if you enter Lan Zhi's room for a long time, you will be integrated with it; Not getting along well with people is like entering an abalone shop, but after a long time of not smelling it, it melts away. Dan hides red, and your painting hides black. Therefore, a gentleman must be cautious. "Confucius said: After I die, Xia Zi will make progress and Zigong will regress." Ceng Zi asked: Why? "Confucius said: Xia Zi likes to be with people smarter than himself (so his moral cultivation will improve day by day); Zi Gong likes to get along with people who are less talented than himself (so moral cultivation will be lost day by day). You don't know what the child is like, just look at the father. If you don't know yourself, you can just look at his friends. If you don't know your master, you can look at his emissary. If you don't know the local situation, you can just look at the local vegetation. Therefore, you often spend time with people of noble character, just like bathing in growing cheese. Being with people with bad conduct is like going to a place selling abalone. After a long time, it will not stink, and it will also blend into the environment; The place where Dan was hidden turned red after a long time, and the place where pigment was hidden turned black after a long time, which was also caused by environmental impact! Therefore, a real gentleman must carefully choose his own environment.
4. Confucius commented on Zi Chan and said, "He has four virtues as a gentleman: respect for deeds, respect for things, benefit for the people and righteousness for the people." Confucius evaluated Zi Chan's four virtues as a gentleman: solemn behavior, respect for the monarch, benefiting the people, and using the law to use the people. "From these four contents, it seems to be the standard for judging the rulers. At that time, it may have been a relatively high requirement, but by today's standards, it is far from enough to just do these four points. In particular, the requirements of the monarch should be spurned, because the requirements of the times for today's rulers should first be to respect and serve the people, not just their superiors.
5. The translation of China's classical way of being a gentleman is called Zi Chan. "There are four ways for a gentleman: respect for oneself, respect for things, support for the people with benefits, and the people with righteousness."
Confucius commented on Zi Chan and said, "He has four virtues as a gentleman: solemn behavior, respect for the monarch, benefiting the people and using it for the people."
We don't have to delve into whether Zi Chan has these four kinds of gentlemen's morality. I think Confucius is only here to expound his own standards of gentleman's moral cultivation by evaluating his own property. Judging from these four contents, it seems to be the standard for judging the ruling party, which may have been a relatively high requirement at that time, but according to today's standards, it is far from enough to only achieve these four points. In particular, the requirements of the monarch should be spurned, because the requirements of the times for today's rulers should first respect and serve the people, not just the superiors.
6. A gentleman must learn classical Chinese, and translate the original text: Luz met Confucius, and Confucius said, "Why are you happy?" Confucius said, "What a long sword! "I didn't ask this question. I said that with my son's ability and knowledge, I can do it. How can I reach it? Lutz said: "Is learning beneficial? Confucius said, "A gentleman's wife who doesn't remonstrate is wrong, and a man who doesn't teach is deaf. Those who resist crazy horses don't give up their tactics, those who hold bows don't fight back, those who take up ropes are straight, those who remonstrate are holy, and those who learn and ask again are not smooth. " ? Destroying benevolence and evil officials must be punished, and gentlemen must learn. Luz said: "There are bamboos on the South Mountain, but they are not tall and straight. If you chop them up and use them, they will reach the level of rhino skin. What can you learn with this statement? "Confucius said," Not deep into the feather, not deep into it. " Lutz bowed again and said, "respected and taught." -"Confucius Family Language"? Lutz fell in love at first sight XIX: Once, Lutz visited Confucius, and Confucius asked him, "What are your hobbies?" ? Lutz replied, "I like long swords." Confucius said with a smile, "That's not what I asked, but what you can't achieve with your own talents and efforts? Confused, Lutz asked, "What are the benefits of learning? Confucius said, "If you don't have a loyal minister, you will go astray; If a gentleman doesn't have a friend who is good at enlightening and admonishing, he is easy to listen to. To operate the bow well, it should be adjusted repeatedly on the bow correction device. With the correction of rope ink, the wood can be straightened and people can accept suggestions more wisely. Accept instruction with an open mind, and ask questions if you have any questions. How can you be unreasonable? Slander benevolence and hate officials is bound to approach punishment. A gentleman must learn! Lutz still didn't understand, so he asked, "There is a kind of bamboo in Nanshan, which is straight and has not been kneaded and processed. Can be cut and used, sharp enough to penetrate the leather of rhinoceros. In this case, what do naturally gifted people need to learn? Confucius said, "If you take this arrow and insert an arrow feather into its tail, the arrow will sharpen, so you can shoot deeper." ? After listening to this, Lutz was convinced and could not help admiring the master's knowledge, so he bowed respectfully to the master and said, "Disciple respectfully accepts your teachings.
7. The Learning of Gentleman Explain the Learning of Gentleman in Classical Chinese (1)
The gentleman's learning is also in the ear, the heart is in the heart, the cloth is in the four bodies, and the shape is moving. Finally, ⑦, creep ⑧, one can be the method ⑨. The knowledge of villains is also heard, not spoken. Between the mouth and the ear, there are four inches of ears, which is seven feet beautiful.
To annotate ...
(1) from Xunzi. ② Mei: Same as "writing", remember. 3 cloth: distribution. Extended to express four bodies: limbs. 5 shape: embodiment. 6 exercise: behavior. All in all, the meaning of words is subtle. At the end, use "interest". ⑧ Creeping: It is a metaphor for elegance. Crawling, insect activity. Pet-name ruby rule: for example.
translate
The learning of a gentleman is that the ears are empty, the mind is true, and the body is polite. His profound language and elegant manners can be taken as examples. Little people learn from their ears and speak from their mouths. There is only four inches between your mouth and your ears. How can I beautify my seven-foot figure (improve my moral character)?
8. Gentleman is a common notional word in classical Chinese translation.
1. The floorboard of monarchs and nobles. Often used with "villain" or "savage".
Example: Poem Feng Wei Vatan: "He is a gentleman, he is not a vegetarian! 」
2. Generally speaking, it refers to people with outstanding talents and noble morality.
Ex.: Doing one thing: 93, a gentleman works all day. 」
The old lady calls her husband.
Example: Poem Zhao Nan Cao Chong: "Worry if you don't see a gentleman. 」
4. Refers to the gentleman army of Yue State in the Spring and Autumn Period.
Example: "Mandarin? Wu Yu: "(King Yue) took his private soldier 6,000 as the central army. 」
5. Respect for people. You Yan sir.
For example, in the volume "The King of Wu Attacks Pinghua", "Jiang Shang asked:' What's your name, sir?' 」
6. Good wine.
Example: The Classics (Volume 43) quotes Huangfusong's Drunken Hometown Sun and Moon in the Tang Dynasty: "Anyone who drinks alcohol ... is a gentleman who intoxicates people with glutinous rice at home. 」
7. Another name for bamboo.
Example: In the Song Dynasty's "The Resurrection of Lin Sunfu", it was written: "Occasionally, a thunderstorm is one foot deep, and you are a gentleman in the South Garden. 」