I saw an obstetrician comparing two baby models on the Internet:

She holds a baby weighing more than 5 kg in one hand and a baby weighing about 8 kg and a half in the other. It's no better than not knowing. She was startled. With such an intuitive appearance, it is conceivable that it is a challenge for the parturient to give birth to this baby weighing more than 8 kg.

In fact, the bones of newborns are almost the same, and the extra three pounds are basically fat and muscle.

However, the extra three pounds bring great risks to the baby and mother.

A fetus weighing more than 4000 grams at birth, that is, more than 8 kilograms, belongs to the scope of macrosomia.

In other words, the fetus grows too big during pregnancy, which has many negative effects on the baby, on the mother, in the long term and in the near future.

It's not easy for a mother to give birth during childbirth, nor is it easy for a baby. Overweight fetus is prone to neonatal birth injury, neonatal asphyxia and neonatal complications during delivery.

Therefore, if you still think that the heavier the child is after birth, the healthier the child is, and pregnant women must eat and drink more during pregnancy, then your concept needs to be changed.

The old people of the previous generation liked that their daughter-in-law could have a big fat baby, which was mainly related to the living conditions and medical level at that time. In fact, the population of our country has increased from 400 million to 654.38+04 billion, and it is not many years. At that time, the average life expectancy of people was only thirty or forty years old, which was mainly related to the survival rate of newborns and the mortality rate of children.

So in those days, the heavier the children, to a certain extent, it meant stronger and easier to survive. It also proves that pregnant women eat better during pregnancy, so everyone hopes that the fatter the child is at birth, the better.

But now people's living standard and social medical level are different from before. Except for premature babies or multiple births, fetal weight is generally not particularly low.

The reference range of newborn's weight at birth is normal.

The birth weight of newborns can be divided into three situations. The first type is low birth weight infants, weighing less than 2500 grams; The second type is a normal birth weight baby, weighing between 2500 and 4000 grams; The third is a giant baby, weighing more than 4000 grams. (Weight less than 1500g, very low birth weight baby, weight less than 1000g, very low birth weight baby. )

Of course, babies of different gestational ages and sexes have slightly different birth weight ranges. The normal range of male babies is 5-8 kg, and that of female babies is 4.5-7.5 kg.

Macrosomia is the result of many factors, such as heredity, pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain during pregnancy, pregnancy cycle, abnormal glucose metabolism during pregnancy and so on. Among them, excessive nutrition intake and decreased activity during pregnancy are the main reasons for macrosomia.

Therefore, it is very important to control weight throughout pregnancy.

Again, the weight gain after pregnancy cannot be infinite. The doctor suggested that under normal circumstances, the weight gain during the whole pregnancy should be controlled at around 25 kg. If Ma Bao is heavier before pregnancy, then the body mass index (weight divided by the square of height, kg/m? ) more than 25, then the weight gain during pregnancy is suggested to be controlled between 14-22 kg. If Ma Bao is thin before pregnancy, the growth rate can be more.

During the whole pregnancy, according to the different fetal development, the weight gain should be controlled within 2 kg in the first trimester, 5 kg in the second trimester and 5 kg in the third trimester.

To achieve weight control is basically known to all: shut up and spread your legs.

However, because it is during pregnancy, the situation is quite special. Weight control at this time is different from that of ordinary people. It is necessary to estimate the baby in the belly at any time, so there must be different control schemes for both diet and exercise.

① High nutrition and low calorie.

Foods with high nutrition and low calories are the first choice to ensure that nutrition does not get fat. Protein can eat a lot of food, such as chicken, fish, beef, eggs and milk. In addition, vegetables and fruits should also be guaranteed. The stomach is like this. You can't eat that if you eat this. Therefore, the first priority of balanced nutrition and not getting fat is a balanced diet.

2 eat less and eat more meals.

Ordinary people eat three meals a day, and pregnant women can eat five or six meals a day. In addition to morning, noon and evening, they can choose a middle meal and eat some snacks before going to bed at night, which is also in line with the problem of reduced stomach capacity caused by uterine compression after pregnancy.

③ Moderate exercise

As long as physical conditions permit, pregnant mothers can exercise during pregnancy under professional guidance. Many internet stars have taken photos of their pregnancy movements, such as Chen Yihan, Sebrina and Iola. Of course, you can also choose sports with lower difficulty and intensity, such as walking, but the exercise time should be guaranteed as much as possible. You can't go back after two steps and feel that you have exercised today.