Vacation in the mountains reminds me of my brothers in Shandong.

Author: Wang Wei

I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays.

When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.

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A person can't reunite with his family when he is far away from home, and he misses his distant relatives every Double Ninth Festival.

Far away, I feel sorry for myself when I think of my brothers climbing high with dogwood.

To annotate ...

1, September 9th: Double Ninth Festival. In ancient times, nine was the number of yang, so it was called Chongyang. Memory: nostalgia. Shandong: Wang Weiqian moved to Puxian County (now Yongji County, Shanxi Province), east of Hanguguan and Huashan, so it was called Shandong.

2, a foreign land: a foreign land, a foreign land. Become a stranger: become a guest of another country.

3. Festival: a beautiful festival.

4. Climbing: In ancient times, there was the custom of climbing on the Double Ninth Festival.

5. Cornus officinalis (zhūyú): A kind of vanilla, namely cassia. In ancient times, people thought that wearing dogwood on the Double Ninth Festival could avoid disasters and ward off evil spirits.

Creation background

The original note of this poem: "That was seventeen years old." Explain that this is the work of Wang Wei's Seventeen Points. Wang Wei was wandering between Luoyang and Chang 'an alone. He is from Zhou Pu (now Yongji, Shaanxi Province), and Zhou Pu is in the east of Huashan Mountain, so he called his hometown brothers Shandong brothers. September 9th is the Double Ninth Festival, and some places in China have the custom of climbing mountains. The thirty-second volume of "Taiping Magnolia" quoted the story of local customs: "This day is established by convention and matured with the strong spirit of Cornus officinalis. On this day, the folded house is blocked to prevent early cold. "

Make an appreciative comment

Wang Wei's poem "Thinking of Shandong Brothers in the Mountain" is included in The Whole Tang Poetry, Volume 128. The following is the appreciation of this poem by Mr. Liu, the executive director of the Tang Dynasty Literature Research Association.

Wang Wei is a precocious writer. He wrote many excellent poems when he was young. This poem was written when he was seventeen. Different from his later landscape poems, which are rich in painting and exquisite in composition and color, this lyric poem is very simple. But for thousands of years, people read this poem when they left their hometown, but they strongly felt its power. This power comes from its simplicity, profundity and high generalization.

I wrote this poem because I missed my relatives in my hometown on the Double Ninth Festival. Wang Wei lives in Zhou Pu, east of Huashan Mountain, so it's called Remembering Shandong Brothers. When he wrote this poem, he was probably seeking fame in Chang 'an. Although the bustling imperial capital was very attractive to young literati who were keen on official career at that time, it was a "foreign land" for a young wanderer after all. The more bustling and lively, the more lonely and helpless the wanderer is in the vast sea of people. The first sentence uses a word "unique" and two words "different", which is sufficient. My thoughts about my loved ones and my feelings about my lonely situation are all condensed in the word "independence". "Being a stranger in a foreign land" only refers to being a guest in another country, but the artistic effect caused by the word "different" is much stronger than that caused by the general description of being a guest in another country. In the feudal era dominated by natural economy, there were great differences in customs, languages and living habits in different regions. When you leave your hometown where you have lived for many years and go to a strange place, you will feel that everything is strange and unaccustomed, and you will feel like duckweed floating in a strange place. "Foreign land" and "stranger" are the simple and true expressions of this feeling. A stranger's homesickness naturally exists on weekdays, but sometimes it doesn't necessarily show up, but once it encounters some kind of catalyst-the most common one is "festival"-it is easy to explode and even uncontrollable. This is the so-called "I miss my relatives twice during the festive season". Festivals are often a time for family reunion, and many fond memories of hometown scenery are often associated, so it is natural to "miss your family more during festivals". This kind of experience can be said that everyone has it, but before Wang Wei, no poet has successfully expressed it with such plain and highly summarized poems. Once the poet speaks it, it becomes an epigram that can best express the homesickness of the guests.

The first two sentences can be said to be the direct method of artistic creation. There is almost no detour, but directly into the core, quickly forming a climax, with epigrams. However, this kind of writing often makes the last two sentences unsustainable, resulting in insufficient stamina. If the last two sentences of this poem extend in a straight line along the line of "I miss my relatives more during the festive season", it must be a snake's foot; It is also difficult to find new ideas and form a new climax. The author takes another approach: with the torrent of emotion, a rippling lake appears, which seems calm, but it is actually deeper.

There is a custom of climbing mountains on the Double Ninth Festival. It is said that wearing a dogwood bag when climbing a mountain can avoid disaster. Cornus officinalis, also known as Moongum, is an aromatic plant. In three or four sentences, if we just think about how brothers climb mountains and wear dogwood in the Double Ninth Festival, but they are alone in a foreign land and can't participate, although they write about their homesickness in the festival, they will appear straightforward and lack freshness and affection. The poet thought in the distance: "There is one person missing from the dogwood." Brothers far away from home all wore horns when climbing the mountain today, only to find that one brother was missing-he was not among them. It seems that it is not a pity that I failed to spend the holidays with my brothers in my hometown, but that my brothers failed to reunite completely during the holidays; It seems that it is not worth saying that a person is a stranger in a foreign land, but the shortcomings of brothers need to be understood. This is tortuous and unnatural. And this unusual place is precisely its deep place, where the new police world lies. Du Fu's Moonlit Night: "For our boys and girls, poor little babies, it's too young to know where the capital is" is similar to these two sentences, but Wang Shi doesn't seem to be so focused.

Brief introduction of the author

Wang Wei (70 1-76 1, 699-76 1), a native of Zhou Pu, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), was a poet in the Tang Dynasty and was called "Shi Fo". Su Shi commented: "Poetry is full of paintings; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (72 1), he was a scholar and was appointed as Tai Lecheng. Wang Wei is a representative of poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Today, there are more than 400 poems, including Acacia and Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains. Wang Wei is proficient in Buddhism and is greatly influenced by Zen. Buddhism has a Vimalakīrti Jing, which is the origin of Wang Wei's name and ci. Wang Wei's poems, paintings and calligraphy are very famous, very versatile and proficient in music. Together with Meng Haoran, they are called "Wang Meng".