Pre-production includes planning, work setting and fund raising. Mid-term production includes split mirror, original painting, intermediate painting, animation, coloring, background painting, photography, dubbing and recording. Post-production includes editing, special effects, subtitles, synthesis, screening and so on.
The main production process is as follows: 1. Storyboard: The director draws a cartoon-like sketch according to the script and shows the actions described in the script. While drawing the shot, the storyboard should have corresponding actions, lines, time, photography instructions, picture connection and other instructions.
2. Design: Design work includes character design, scene design, prop design, lens screen design, etc. The design should be carried out according to strict standards, which is convenient for the staff in the next production process.
3. Original painting split mirror: There is also a special split mirror paper for animation, with rectangular grids printed on it. Draw the general layout (background, characters) of each scene of the animation in these grids, and mark the actions and lines of the characters in this scene with words.
4. dubbing editing: cartoons need editing just like movies, but editing is relatively simple. We should combine the shots one by one in order, delete the useless parts appropriately, and edit the combination method at the joint of each shot.
Extended data:
The main tools for animation:
Animation table: also known as "transparent table" and "copy table". It is different from the general writing desk in that it uses frosted glass as the desktop, and lamps are installed below it, so that the desktop can transmit light, and multiple superimposed drawings can be clearly seen for drawing and copying animated line drawings. The desktop always tends to avoid direct light to the eyes, which is convenient for work.
Copying desk: also known as "writing desk", it is a tool for copying manuscripts. There is a platform composed of fluorescent lamp, white acrylic board, glass and box.
Positioning ruler: a tool used by animators to fix animation paper when drawing design drafts and original animation drawings. In traditional animation photography, the positioning ruler is also used to ensure the accurate positioning of the background draft and celluloid. The positioning ruler can fix dozens of drawings with standard holes at a time, and can also be used to browse drawings.
Animation paper: According to different uses, animation paper can be generally divided into three types: original drawing, modified paper and intermediate drawing. General animation paper can choose 70~ 100g/m2 white paper. When making movie and television animation, the paper size is mainly divided into two types, and its size is 24cm*27cm(9F) or 27cm*33cm( 12F), which is set according to the different needs of picture framing and screen size. Animation paper should have good transparency, paper should be uniform, white and smooth, and paper edges should be hard, thin and tough. The original drawings do not require high paper quality. Most of the setting paper is light yellow tissue paper.
Punching machine: the function of punching machine corresponds to the positioning ruler. The main function is to punch holes with the same size and the same distance as the three fixing columns of the positioning ruler for the papers that need to be fixed on the positioning ruler, such as original drawings, modified papers and animation papers, so that these papers can be accurately sleeved on the positioning ruler.
Animation pen: Animation pen generally refers to all kinds of pens used in the pre-production and post-production of cartoons. Mainly pencils, mechanical pencil, colored lead, signature pens, Gou Xianbi, brushes, watercolor pens, etc.
Celluloid sheet: also known as "transparent sheet", it is a transparent film made of polyester material, with smooth surface and full transparency like tissue paper. This material can not only make different action figure paintings be shot on different films in multiple layers, but also overlap with the background, and the pictures do not affect each other, which can enhance the layering and three-dimensional sense of the picture.
Photography platform: a platform for shooting animation, which can be set with multiple shooting layers and columns for placing cameras.
Frame-by-frame camera: It is a frame-by-frame camera that can shoot animated drawings one by one. It is vertically placed on the column of the photography platform specially used for shooting cartoons, and can move up and down through the crank as needed.
Photographic table: Photographic table is a table used to record the time, speed, dialogue and background photography requirements of animated characters, and it is the main basis for drawing and shooting each animated shot. The form is marked with the title of the film, the number of shots, specifications, seconds, content, mouth shape, photography requirements and other items. It is a bridge between director, original painting, animation, line drawing, coloring, proofreading and shooting.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Animation
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