When it comes to expository writing, teachers do not emphasize the so-called objects, characteristics, procedures, methods and languages. Explain the elements? No, students will immediately display those boring and lifeless explanations on the brain screen. ? Explain the elements? Many students regard it as an expository Bible, so that the expository writings in their works are conventional and nothing new. Similarity and rigidity become expository? Chronic disease? . In fact, expository writing can also make new achievements, as long as you?
First, make the object of explanation more novel and avant-garde.
Liu Yuxi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in Yang Liuzhi Ci? Please don't play the old songs and listen to the new Yang Liuzhi? . Poetry, prose and other creations are like this, and so is expository writing. Only by writing more new things and spreading more information of the new era can the article present a new atmosphere. This new thing can be a new phenomenon in the process of reform and opening up, such as market economy, stock market, laid-off and reemployment, and burden reduction. It can be a new concept in economic construction, such as relocation, transformation, information superhighway, work and so on. It can reflect the new achievements of modern science and technology, such as computer, network, cloning technology, gene, nanotechnology and so on. It can be new things that reflect people's life changes, such as credit cards, shopping vouchers, welfare lottery tickets, red tea houses, fast food, slimming, tutoring and so on. In a word, the times are advancing, and a series of new phenomena, new things and new changes in the new era should be the writing objects we pay attention to. Please see?
[Example 1]
Moon umbrella
Li hongtian
Let night bid farewell to day, and let mankind bid farewell to darkness forever. This is the wish of generations. In recent years, the moon umbrella? With the development of high technology, this beautiful wish is gradually approaching reality.
As we all know, all kinds of stars rotate in a certain orbit, and the moon is no exception. Only by turning to a certain direction and a certain distance of the earth can it appear? Full moon? The state of. It is only in these days that people enjoy this great natural favor. But it is impossible to keep the moon in this position forever with the current technical level. The status quo of the moon cannot be changed? After the change, the fluctuation of tides, the distribution of volcanic earthquakes and various natural phenomena will change, and the disadvantages will outweigh the advantages. Can you think of a way for people to receive reflected sunlight at night without changing the phase of the moon?
The best way at present? Installed in space? Moon umbrella? . The so-called lunar umbrella is an umbrella-shaped reflector placed in space 1500-5530 km from the ground. These mirrors are generally composed of thousands of small lenses, and the thickness is only about 5 microns. They are Kevlar nylon films with high strength and good reflectivity. The whole reflector is umbrella-shaped, and the diameter should be as large as possible to reflect sunlight to a greater extent. And then what? Moon umbrella? You need to keep rotating in space, fold it during the day and open it at night, so that it won't block the sun during the day and reflect it at night. This is a high-tech experiment, and scientists all over the world are working hard to study and experiment. The leader in this respect is Russia.
1February 4, 999, Russia? Peace? The experiment started at 10 orbital station? Progress? What is the mission of the X spacecraft? Moon umbrella? Made by Russian energy production company, the quality is smaller than that of other countries. They think that the quality determines the effect of the experiment. If the mass is small, the rotation speed, centrifugal force and duration of the mirror are easy to master and adjust. That's the truth. This one weighs about 40 kilograms, but its diameter is 20 meters? Moon umbrella? For the first time in human history? Artificial moon? Experiment. At that time, it reflected a light band with a width of about 4 kilometers and a duration of 7 seconds from south to north in 6 minutes, just like a searchlight sweeping the European night sky, which was spectacular.
The success of this experiment has brought confidence to many people. The person in charge of the experiment said meaningfully: Although it is an experiment, the development has already started, and the success will be in the near future. ? Many people expect to wait. Artificial moon? After use, some places do not need lighting at all, which saves energy and does not pollute the environment. In fact, the benefits are not only that. Under its light, people can work as usual during the day, and it is convenient to rescue at sea and easy to rescue at night. With its high hit rate adjustment, sunlight can be concentrated in a fixed small range. Siberia, the Arctic and other regions at that time, really? Four seasons like spring? Yes Thousands of years of icebergs and snowfields can melt and flow into the desert to irrigate crops. Will China's vast Gobi really become? Oasis? Yes
? Artificial moon? The prospect is attractive, but many people are worried. Someone criticized? Moon umbrella? It may become the most terrible weapon in the future, and both sides of the enemy can use it to enhance the irradiation and let large doses of ultraviolet rays enter the enemy area, causing devastating harm to human beings and creatures. Ecologists worry that it may bring about an imbalance in the biosphere.
? Moon umbrella? What development means. Let's see its true colors in the near future!
[brief comment]
What did you write? Moon umbrella? It is a high-tech thing that has not been realized before the project. It is refreshing, even many people have never heard of it, so the article has advantages in creating new colors. It can be seen that the explanatory text should also be in? People don't have me, people have me new? Focus on digging.
Second, make the explanation language more vivid.
Explanatory texts can be divided into ordinary expository texts and literary expository texts. Literary expositions, also known as scientific sketches, are short and concise articles that introduce scientific knowledge and are easy to understand. It is often expressed in literary style. The language is lively, and various literary rhetorical devices (such as metaphor and personification) can be used. Its characteristics are scientific, knowledgeable, vivid and interesting. However, scientific sketch is different from scientific literature and art, and fantasy and arbitrary exaggeration are not allowed. Of course, literary means and rhetorical means are only auxiliary means of writing, both for illustration? Scientific knowledge? Service, that is, the use of literary means and rhetorical devices to stimulate readers' strong interest in learning and mastering certain knowledge. Please see?
[Example 2]
Self-report of computer
Chen lianfeng
1946 was born in Moore Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, USA. I am one of the earliest members of the computer family. I'm the first generation. My name is ENLAC.
When I was just 3 years old, another compatriot of mine was born in Cambridge University, England. His name is EOSAC. He belongs to the first generation like me, but he already has all the characteristics of computers in the 1980 s. He covers an area of 170 square meters and weighs 30 tons. Later, due to the needs of society and the rapid development of science and technology, the second and third generations were born one after another. After several years' efforts, human beings have improved the huge electron tubes into tiny transistors, and used programming languages, which greatly reduced the weight of the second generation of our family and made it easier for human beings to use. Soon, they settled down in many management departments and were responsible for making plans. Even the production departments and institutions have the footprints of the second generation of our family. For example, the second generation leader F8 microcomputer weighs less than half a kilogram, but its working efficiency and accuracy far exceed mine. This is not surprising, because science always pushes the waves behind the Yangtze River. At present, the most popular ones are our three or four generations, that is, integrated circuit computers. The fifth generation also began to appear. Today in the 2 1 century, our family has been widely used in various fields of the national economy.
One of our important development directions is intelligent simulation, which means that we can recognize words and images, understand languages, learn and reason. This development goal has made great progress at present.
After years of reform, the work efficiency of our family is getting higher and higher. For example, in the 1950s, the fastest operation speed was 50,000 to 60,000 times per second, the fastest operation speed of the second generation was12 million times per second, and the fastest operation speed of the third generation was tens of millions to hundreds of millions of times per second. Now we are developing a computer with a calculation speed of 1000 billion times per second. It takes 20 years for a member of our family to complete the calculation task in 1 minute at 1 100 million times per second, and it also takes 20 years for a person to calculate around the clock with an abacus. Robots installed by computers have the advantages of high efficiency and low cost. He is also the pride of our family.
Science is developing constantly, and so are we. Although we have the advantages of fast operation speed and high efficiency, it is not a human brain after all. We can never replace the human brain, but we have to rely on people to make it. The development of the world depends on you? Teenagers.
[brief comment]
It is a scientific essay that successfully introduces the historical development process and infinite bright prospects of the computer industry. Through anthropomorphic self-report, this paper introduces the process of computer development: from heavy to light, the operation speed is getting faster and faster, the efficiency is high and the use is convenient. The article breaks away from the old interpretation mode, which is refreshing.
Third, make the explanation more profound and flexible.
The ancients said:? If you are interested, you will be the master of the whole body. ? What does that mean? Meaning? It is the life of an article, no matter what genre it is, must it be? Give priority to meaning? Or as long as the article contains new ideas, it will fly and gain artistic life. Explanatory text should also explore the profound connotation of the explanatory object from the concept, so as to make the article have? Love? what's up Meaning? , a new color, both for people? Do you know? , and give it to people? Wisdom? . Please see?
[Example 3]
Interesting topic about chopsticks
Huang Lichun
Occasionally, I remember hearing people say that in China, everyone has three doctoral qualifications: Dr. Chopsticks, Dr. Coal Blower, and Dr. Guazi. As for blowing coal paper, it is long gone. More than half a century ago, Mr. Feng Zikai sharply ridiculed the bad record of China people eating melon seeds, saying that they spent their time on? Boom? Sound, isn't this the decline of national character? No wonder the old man feels bitterly that he is afraid at the sight of melon seeds. Today, this leisurely attitude towards life has been buried by the high-efficiency and fast-paced melody of the times. Only chopsticks, ups and downs for more than two thousand years, are still enduring. ? People eat for the sky? For China people, chopsticks are indispensable tools for eating.
In ancient times, chopsticks were called? Hey? This sound is still used in Minnan dialect. Later, it was said that Wu people tried their best to avoid it? Hey? With what? Live broadcast? Homophony, stranded ship, and then change? Hey? For chopsticks. That is, the ship is fast and smooth. Chopsticks in the Han dynasty are also called? Carrying it? It means holding it and then picking it up, which vividly shows the role of chopsticks.
Chopsticks were born with civilization after our ancestors ended their life of eating and drinking blood. According to a chopstick collector, there are more than 600 kinds of chopsticks so far, including copper chopsticks in Shang Dynasty, iron chopsticks in Spring and Autumn Period and jade chopsticks with rhinoceros head. In the Tang Dynasty, chopsticks were also used to symbolize people's integrity. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty once gave Prime Minister Song Jing a pair of gold chopsticks, saying, If you don't give me gold, I'll chop off your straight ear if you cover it with tattoos. ? so this is it？ With a straight face? Allusions. In fact, the most common chopsticks are bamboo chopsticks and wooden chopsticks, as well as modern plastic chopsticks. They are neither as heavy as metal chopsticks nor as expensive as jade chopsticks. They are easy to make and can be made of local materials. Legend has it that there is a kind called? Bamboo? Bamboo, produced in Yuefu area of Guangxi, is as small as chopsticks and as hard as ivory. It is very good to make chopsticks. ? It can be seen that China people still pay attention to chopsticks. 1972, US President Nixon visited China, and Premier Zhou held a state banquet in the Great Hall of the People, using Jiang 'an bamboo chopsticks. It is really puzzling to know that President Nixon used to use knives and forks and the Prime Minister arranged chopsticks. In fact, this is the good intention of our prime minister. He entertained the guests according to the meaning of chopsticks, which means that the two countries live in peace without fighting. No wonder a Canadian is busy packing these chopsticks.
Chopsticks not only have symbolic meaning, but also have special functions. What do people say? Planning? , is a method of calculating with chopsticks during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The famous China algebra "Nine Chapters Arithmetic" also mentioned the use of? Planning? To calculate volume and volume. Anyway? Raise? The application of this method made the ancient mathematics in China reach a very high level. But the biggest function of chopsticks is to eat. Ask the bamboo stick frequently and taste it first; He tastes good. Are you busy when you are free? .
The traditional habits of a nation often reflect the characteristics of its life. Just as China people are used to using chopsticks, while westerners are good at using knives and forks, we can see the personality differences between China people and westerners. As Mr. Cai Yuanpei said when answering questions from westerners, China people have always advocated civilization, not force. From the dining table, we can see the differences between China people and westerners. ?
[brief comment]
Originally, chopsticks were just chopsticks and tools for eating. What is there to explain? But after reading this article, you will find that the two chopsticks used for three meals a day have such profound cultural connotations. Advocate civilization. The article is tight? Fun? Words, first quote some anecdotes: Feng Zikai's teasing, huh? 、? Chopsticks? Homophonic, Tang Xuanzong? With a straight face? Premier Zhou's good intentions at the state banquet were all very interesting. At the end of the article, the use of chopsticks by China people comes down to a concept? Advocate civilization, so as to raise the ideological significance of the article to a new height.
[revealed]
Teacher Li Shaoquan, a special teacher in Anhui Province, is in "? Explain? Still due? Words? The article points out:? It is generally believed that explanatory text only needs to emphasize the explanatory object? Explain? You don't have to force it, do you Words? . This meets the functional requirements of the explanatory text. The literary exposition is more vivid, more exciting and can achieve the purpose of explanation. So, pay attention to the explanatory text? Literary talent? Is very necessary. ? As can be seen from the above three aspects, as long as you are good at extending the tentacles of writing to? New? If you are good at using certain literary means and rhetorical devices, occupy the commanding heights of understanding and explaining the object, and observe and explain the object from multiple angles, you will certainly be able to write it? Both literary and beautiful? Explanatory text. ? Of course, when I encourage you to write literary discourses here, I don't mean that you ignore the stylistic features and writing purposes when writing discourses. Words? It was just a phone call, and what happened? Words? If you are neither fish nor fowl, painting a tiger is not anti-dog. Explanatory writing should be easy to understand first, then literary talent, and strive to add icing on the cake. ?
If you have good works, you can also click below? I want to contribute? Send your work to us, and more readers will appreciate your masterpiece!