Ju 87A-2 At that time, the German Air Force planned to organize six dive bombing regiments, four of which were equipped with Ju87 "Stuka", namely I./St.G. 162, II. /St.G. 162, I/St. g. 262 and I/st.g. Each group has 36 Ju87, and each group has 3 others.
Ju87A- 1 The maximum speed of empty bombs is 320km/h, only 294km when 250kg bombs are hung, and the range is 998km at 260km.
1in the early spring of 1937, I/st.g.162 "yinmaiman" bombing group changed the old Hs 123 bomber to Ju87, and changed its name to St.G. 163 in the same year, and joined the "vulture corps" to participate in the civil war in Spain. Since then, Ju87 has reduced the landing gear hatch to a two-stage type, and this landing gear hatch has become the standard for most Stuka.
Ju87A-2 appeared in the second half of 1937. It uses Yumo 2 10Da engine with two-stage speed change, and pilots and gunners have "EiV" communication devices. A-2 also changed the corner of the rudder to make it smoother.
With the successful development of the powerful Yumo 211a1(10,000 HP) engine, Junker began to redesign the fuselage of Stuka in the second half of 1937, and made a prototype of10 on the basis of V7. It uses junkers VS5 or VS 1 1 wooden propeller.
Ju 87B- 1, near 29-8, far 29-7. Compared with the A-type, the B-series has been greatly modified except the wing and the horizontal tail. Because the engine power increases, even if the driver and gunner are in the cabin, they can carry 500 kilograms of bombs; In addition, two new bomb racks under each wing increase the load of four 50 kg bombs (but at this time, the maximum weight of abdominal bombs can only be 250 kg, which means the total bomb load is 500 kg); The MG 17 machine gun installed on the left wing also strengthened the air survivability.
On the eastern route, a 50 kg SC50 bomb was hung under the wing of J 87B-2. The earliest mass production model of series B, B- 1, 1938 10, started production in June. It adopts a more powerful direct fuel injection Mo You 2 1 1DA (1, 200).
When the bonfire of World War II was lit in Europe, Stuka had nine dive bombing regiments belonging to the German Air Force and four. (St.)/TraegerGr. 186 (No.186 dive bombing brigade) has a total of 348 aircraft, of which 300 can fight. Ju87B "Stuka" dropped the first bomb on the European battlefield in World War II in Poland. In the four-week Polish campaign, only 3 1 Stuka was shot down by enemy ground fire.
1In the summer of 940, the subsequent model B-2 was successfully developed. The engine of B- 1 is used, but the wider wooden propeller of junkers VS 1 1 is used, and the push-type exhaust pipe and the baffle of oil pressure radiator are added. B-2 can carry 1 1,000 kilograms of bombs, with only 1 passengers. In addition, there are two kinds of equipment installed: FuG25 IFF device or PeilGIV direction finder (equipped under the fuselage).
According to the requirements of the army, a number of Ju87B series, called U series, were also modified in the field factory, including U-2 with improved internal communication device, U-3 with armor for close support, U-4 with skid, and Trop with sand filter and life-saving parts, which is tropical Africa.
The fatal flaw of the early Stuka was that the voyage was too short, so Junker Company urgently developed the Ju87R scheme to solve this problem. It is equipped with 150 liter fuel tank on each wing and 250 liter fuel tank at the wing root. In addition, it is equipped with a 300-liter auxiliary fuel tank. Although the range has been greatly increased, the bomb load has been reduced to only 250 kilograms. 1In the spring of 940, B- 1 modified Ju87R- 1 participated in the invasion of Denmark and Norway, 194 1 year, and Ju87R-2 modified by B-2 also appeared in the Mediterranean battlefield for the first time. In addition, Ju87R-3 and tropical Ju87R-4 with improved internal communication devices have also been put into battle.
Ju 87C- 1 carrier aircraft, whose wing has been folded 1938, the German army decided to equip the aircraft carrier "Count Zeppelin" under construction with a dive bomber brigade, so the ship-borne Ju 87C was specially developed. This model is based on type B, equipped with ejection device, landing hook and airbag (which can protect passengers when landing on water). The biggest feature is that the main landing gear can be abandoned by itself. Like many carrier-based aircraft, the wings of Ju87C can be folded by hand to save space, and the wing tip is flattened, so the width of this aircraft is 80cm shorter than that of B-type. In order to increase the range, Model C took the lead in installing a 300-liter auxiliary fuel tank (earlier than Model R).
Because Ju87C was not put into production immediately, all 4. (St.)/TraegerGr. 186 (No.186 No.4 dive bombing brigade of carrier aircraft group) was equipped with Ju87A in February. It was not until the summer of 1939 that 10 Ju87C-0 (trial production) was delivered from the factory and equipped to the 4th submarine bombing brigade.
1939 When the European War broke out, 85% of Count Zeppelin was stopped after 1 month and was not completed until the end of the war. Therefore, the mass-produced Ju87C-1are all manufactured according to the standard of B-2, which is included in the order of B-2.
Even before the outbreak of the European War, Junker Company had already begun to prepare the successor model of Ju87, which was called Ju 187 at that time. Therefore, the serial number of Ju87F was specially prepared as a transitional model, but the F model was stopped at the beginning of design. Junker Company developed the most important model of Stuka family-JU87D series by combining the initial technology of F-type and the operational experience accumulated in recent years.
1942 in the Stalingrad theater in the second half of the year, captain Gunter Schmidt's Ju 87D- 1 1940 "Assassination II". /St.G2 finalized. Because the original Yumo 2 1 1F engine was delayed, Yumo 2 1 10J engine with horsepower of 1400 was adopted. The most striking feature of type D is that the air inlet moves backward. The landing gear has been redesigned to be stronger and the shape of the landing gear cover has become smoother. However, due to the delay in development, the early Ju87D- 1 used the old type B landing gear. The fuselage armor and rear arm of the D series have also been strengthened, and at the same time, up to 1 0,800 kg of bombs can be carried under the fuselage! The bomb rack under each wing can carry 1 250kg bomb or two 50kg bombs, and there are many optional spare parts that can be installed at any time-including auxiliary fuel tank, antenna, sled, flame arrester, glider traction device and tropical equipment. PeilGIV direction finder covered with transparent material is installed at the back of the cockpit.
The German Air Force issued an order for 1 0,037 JU87D-1in June, and Junker Company began delivery in July. The subsequent D-2 intended to implement the concept of further strengthening weapons, but it was suspended at the planning stage.
The emergency transport type Ju87D-3 is equipped with personnel transport cabins on the two wings of Ju 87D-2, which is an armored reinforced type and designed for increasingly powerful ground firepower. Although it was developed at the same time as D- 1, it was put into actual combat in May of 1942 and achieved great success. The mid-production Ju87D-3 cancelled the siren previously equipped on the landing gear to scream and scare the enemy, and made some minor changes, such as replacing the metal parts on the fuselage. Ju87D-3 * * * made as much as 1, 559.
The Ju 87DJu87D-4 being loaded is a torpedo machine, but only Ju87D- 1 is used to refit one for testing. Later, D-4 developed into Ju87E. After modification and testing of Type B and Type D, Junker Company got the order of 1 15 Ju87E torpedo machine in the summer of 1942.
Ju87D-5 is the last type of dive bombing "Stuka". Its wing is lengthened, its wing weapon is strengthened into MG 15 1 20 mm gun, and the window at the lower part of the fuselage is bulletproof. Ju87D-5 made its debut at the Kursk Conference in July, 1943, and delivered in July, 1944, * * * 780.
1at the dawn of spring in 944, the Ju 87D-7Ju87D-7 and D-8 that the Soviet union was preparing to attack were night-time ground attack aircraft modified by D-3 and D-5 respectively. Because of the fire-fighting exhaust pipe, the radiator baffle was cancelled, and Yumo 2 165438+ with 6500 horsepower was used. Ju87D series is the most mature and prolific in Stuka family.
Ju87G is a special anti-tank developed to cope with the increasingly powerful Soviet tanks. A Flak 18 37mm anti-tank gun is hung under each wing. D-3 modified G- 1 and D-5 modified G-2 cancelled the original D-type bomb rack, radiator baffle, auxiliary fuel tank and oxygen pump because of their heavy weapons. That's it. There is still not enough ammunition-only 65,438+02 37mm shells can be carried in each launch. Rudder, the most famous tank killer on Ju87G, used the prototype of Ju87G to fight against the Soviet Union in Crimea for the first time, but the large-scale participation of G-type began with the Battle of Kursk in July 1943.
Ju 87H installed the cockpit of Ar 96 upside down as the rear cockpit, and the model of Ju87H is the coach model. It is characterized in that the rear cockpit of the Ar96 aircraft is changed to the seat facing the rear facing forward. It is used by instructors, equipped with two sets of operating systems for teaching, and the rear windshield is specially changed to get a better view.
export
Ju87K is not a proprietary serial number, it stands for export type.
1937, two Ju87A-2 were exported to Japan, known as K- 1. The Japanese army has been putting it in a base called "Soze" to accumulate ashes since it was exhibited at the Aviation Expo, and it has never been used. 1940 two ju87b-2s exported to Hungary are called K-2, and 194 12 ju87r-2s exported to Bulgaria are called K-3. 1942 Four Ju87A-2s exported to Hungary are called K-4. In addition, the Italian and Romanian air forces have used Stuka, and it is believed that Spain has also used a small amount of equipment.