What should the elderly do when they are short of breath? After they reach a certain age, their physical function will be much worse than before, and they are prone to some serious incurable diseases, such as asthma. First of all, what should I do if the elderly are short of breath during activities?
What should the elderly do if they are short of breath during activities? 1 Recently, the weather is getting warmer and warmer, and the outdoor activities of the elderly are increasing. Due to the decline of cardiopulmonary function in the elderly, many elderly people often have symptoms such as shortness of breath and palpitation after activities. Many people think that this is just a normal phenomenon after the event. As we all know, shortness of breath in the elderly may prompt a variety of heart and lung diseases, so don't be careless. Once the symptoms of shortness of breath appear, we must first make clear its nature.
Physiological shortness of breath is the most common. Under normal circumstances, the elderly will have symptoms such as shortness of breath and palpitation after strenuous exercise. It can be relieved by a short rest, which belongs to physiological shortness of breath. Physiological shortness of breath generally has no other accompanying symptoms.
Shortness of breath accompanied by cough, expectoration and other symptoms often indicates lung disease. Shortness of breath is an early manifestation of chronic diseases such as lung cancer and pleural effusion, and the gradually aggravated symptoms of shortness of breath are an important sign of the severity of emphysema. For example, I used to climb three floors, but now I'm panting when I climb to the second floor, which means my shortness of breath is getting worse and I need to see a doctor in time.
Shortness of breath with angina pectoris may be coronary heart disease. Heart disease (coronary heart disease) is also an important cause of shortness of breath. Shortness of breath caused by heart disease usually occurs after overwork and emotional excitement, and is accompanied by precordial discomfort. If you are short of breath for a long time and have a history of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, you need to consider serious diseases such as heart failure. It is even more important to go to the hospital as soon as possible so as not to delay the treatment opportunity.
When shortness of breath occurs, first try to calm the patient down. You can touch the patient's chest and drink a cup of warm water. Patients with shortness of breath often open their mouths to breathe air, so the tracheal mucosa is easy to dry. A cup of hot water can be used to let the patient inhale hot steam and moisten the airway mucosa. It is worth noting that respiratory diseases occur frequently in spring, and it is necessary to do a good job in preventing diseases such as influenza and pollen allergy. Open the window regularly every day for ventilation, pay attention to hygiene, strengthen exercise and enhance immunity.
What should I do if the elderly have shortness of breath during activities? Generally speaking, the reason why the elderly develop asthma after activities is because the elderly themselves suffer from chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, among which the more common diseases are chronic bronchus, obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease and severe anemia.
If the elderly have the above situation, they need to stop strenuous exercise and rest in time. If you continue to exercise vigorously in this situation, the patient's hypoxia will be further aggravated, leading to life-threatening. In addition, if you have such a patient at home, you can buy an oxygen generator and cooperate with a pulse oximeter to monitor the patient's blood oxygen for a long time, so that your family can know the patient's situation in time.
If the patient suffers from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or fibrosis, it is suggested to keep some drugs for moistening lung or powerful bronchiectasis in daily life, among which the most common drugs are western anticholinergic drugs, tiotropium bromide and inhaled glucocorticoid. In addition, you can always keep some first-aid drugs, such as salbutamol aerosol. In addition to some first-aid drugs, patients should insist on using some antiasthmatic and expectorant drugs. If inflammation occurs during illness, antibiotics should be used appropriately. If the patient's breathing is severe and can't be relieved, it is recommended that the patient go to the hospital for treatment in time.
To sum up, when the elderly have asthma symptoms, they need to dilate the trachea in time to restore normal respiratory function, and the drugs used need to be selected according to the patient's own situation. Of course, for such patients, daily prevention is the most important. Patients should find ways to improve their immunity and eat more foods rich in vitamins and protein.
What should the elderly do if they are short of breath? Recently, the weather is getting warmer, and the outdoor activities of the elderly are increasing. Due to the decline of cardiopulmonary function in the elderly, many elderly people often have symptoms such as shortness of breath and palpitation after activities. Many people think that this is just a normal phenomenon after the event. As we all know, shortness of breath in the elderly may prompt a variety of heart and lung diseases, so don't be careless. Once the symptoms of shortness of breath appear, we must first make clear its nature.
Physiological shortness of breath is the most common. Under normal circumstances, the elderly will have symptoms such as shortness of breath and palpitation after strenuous exercise. It can be relieved by a short rest, which belongs to physiological shortness of breath. Physiological shortness of breath generally has no other accompanying symptoms.
Shortness of breath accompanied by cough, expectoration and other symptoms often indicates lung disease. Shortness of breath is an early manifestation of chronic diseases such as lung cancer and pleural effusion, and the gradually aggravated symptoms of shortness of breath are an important sign of the severity of emphysema. For example, I used to climb three floors, but now I'm panting when I climb to the second floor, which means my shortness of breath is getting worse and I need to see a doctor in time.
Shortness of breath with angina pectoris may be coronary heart disease. Heart disease (coronary heart disease) is also an important cause of shortness of breath. Shortness of breath caused by heart disease usually occurs after overwork and emotional excitement, and is accompanied by precordial discomfort. If you are short of breath for a long time and have a history of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, you need to consider serious diseases such as heart failure. It is even more important to go to the hospital as soon as possible so as not to delay the treatment opportunity.
When shortness of breath occurs, first try to calm the patient down. You can touch the patient's chest and drink a cup of warm water. Patients with shortness of breath often open their mouths to breathe air, so the tracheal mucosa is easy to dry. A cup of hot water can be used to let the patient inhale hot steam and moisten the airway mucosa. It is worth noting that respiratory diseases occur frequently in spring, and it is necessary to do a good job in preventing diseases such as influenza and pollen allergy. Open the window regularly every day for ventilation, pay attention to hygiene, strengthen exercise and enhance immunity.
When it comes to nutrition, people naturally think of eating. Usually, people think that eating well means being nutritious. Furthermore, people gradually know that both undernutrition and overnutrition will affect health. However, people seldom know that nutrition is also a way and means to diagnose and treat diseases.
At the lecture on "Winter Nutrition for the Elderly" held by Beijing Sport University, Lv Li, director and chief physician of the Nutrition Department of the Armed Police General Hospital, gave advice to the elderly: keep a balanced nutrition. Lu Li told the old people that according to the current research, the human body needs 100 kinds of life-sustaining nutrients, half of which (about 50 kinds) can not be synthesized by the human body itself, but can only be obtained through food, which is the so-called "essential nutrients". No food is without nutrition, and no food has all the necessary nutrition.
Therefore, it is very important to maintain the diversity of daily food to meet the human body's demand for total nutrients. According to the viewpoint of nutrition, the ideal diet structure requires no less than 4 kinds of vegetables and 2 kinds of fruits every day, and it is best not to repeat sampling within one week to prevent the lack of some nutrients caused by partial eclipse.
Lu Li pointed out that the most common nutritional problems of the elderly in winter are mainly related to the decrease of activities, especially the decrease of outdoor activities. First, digestion is reduced and appetite is poor, resulting in a decrease in total intake. Correspondingly, the intake of high-quality protein such as meat, eggs and milk is also insufficient, and the lack of essential amino acids directly affects the resistance of respiratory system to infection; Second, after sun exposure is reduced, vitamin D synthesis is less and calcium intake is insufficient. Daily free calcium in blood can only be replenished from bones to blood, resulting in osteoporosis; Third, drinking less water during activities, coupled with insufficient dietary fiber intake, leads to constipation.
Therefore, the nutrition strategy for the elderly in winter should focus on getting enough calories and protein, and the high-quality protein of meat, eggs and milk should not be less than 60% of the total in protein. Specifically, you need to eat about150g of lean meat, an egg and 250ml of fresh milk or yogurt every day. In addition, Lu Li also concluded that the elderly should have "eight taboos" in their diet:
Avoid salty and greasy-prevent hypertension, heart disease and kidney disease; Avoid partial eclipse, picky eaters and overeating-maintaining a balanced nutrition is conducive to longevity;
Avoid overeating-prevent the induction of myocardial infarction;
Avoid being too cold-so as not to affect the digestive function;
Avoid fat and sweet taste-mainly prevent hyperlipidemia, diabetes, gout, gallstones, pancreatitis, kidney disease and so on.
Lu Li said that although eating habits were formed in childhood, they were not immutable. In theory, there is no absolutely unpalatable food, and people who don't like it are often because the taste is not good enough. There is a phenomenon in life that mothers will pass on their eating habits, such as partial eclipse, picky eaters and overeating, to their children, and children will pass them on when they grow up. After several generations, this will cause family nutrition deficiency, which will not only affect health, but even cause genetic variation. I hope people will remain vigilant about this.
Winter is a season that is easy to get fat. Many people are used to taking various supplements and foods, and their weight will inevitably increase. Getting fat in middle age seems to be a common phenomenon, but even for the elderly, getting fat is not necessarily a good thing. Old people often don't care so much about weight gain, which just lays a hidden danger for many diseases. Tang Hong, director of endocrinology department of Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, pointed out that simple obesity is more common in the elderly, and there are two main reasons for simple obesity in the elderly: eating too little.
In winter, as the temperature drops, people's activity is relatively reduced, and the loss of energy is also reduced, so excess energy is stored in the body in the form of fat, and people gain weight. Excessive calorie intake. In winter, the average person's diet will increase, on the one hand, it will increase calories to keep out the cold, on the other hand, it will enhance physical fitness through tonic. Invisibly, you will consume too many calories and make your body fat.
Getting fat in old age is not a good thing. The ancients regarded obesity as a blessing, but in modern society, more and more diseases are related to obesity, and obesity has become the "root" of many diseases-obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Obesity is an important factor leading to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and it is also one of the important factors leading to the mortality rate of obese people higher than that of normal weight people.
The increase of lipid components in the blood of obese people will easily lead to atherosclerosis, weakened vascular elasticity, and then hypertension. Obesity complicated with hypertension, diabetes and heart disease are the main causes of cerebrovascular accidents in obese patients. Obesity accelerates joint injury. Obesity may cause three kinds of osteoarthropathy: osteoarthritis, diabetic osteoarthropathy and gouty osteoarthropathy.
Among them, osteoarthritis is the most common and harmful. It mostly occurs in movable joints and is a chronic degenerative disease. Obesity is an important risk factor for osteoarthritis, and it is easier to remove than other risk factors, so losing weight is beneficial to the prevention of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis caused by obesity mainly affects knee joint, followed by hip joint and finger joint. Obesity leads to abnormal blood sugar.
Obesity can cause insulin resistance, lead to abnormal blood sugar, decreased glucose tolerance at the initial stage, and finally develop into diabetes. At present, most of the weight-loss products on the market achieve the purpose of losing weight through "diarrhea". Director Tang believes that middle-aged and elderly people are physically weak. To lose weight, we should start from two aspects: controlling diet and increasing exercise, so as to achieve a balance between entry and exit, and we must not "have diarrhea".