Comparison of the number of maids
Lin Daiyu went into Jia's house and took two people, one was Mammy Wang, who had been nursed since childhood, and the other was Xueyan, who was ten years old. Take the Spring Festival as an example. In addition to being a wet nurse since childhood, everyone has four tutors, two maids who are responsible for washing and bathing, and five or six little maids who sweep the floor and run errands. In this way, Yingchun and others each have at least twelve servants, six times as many as Daiyu. As soon as Wang Xifeng appeared, she was surrounded by a group of daughters-in-law and maids. According to the whole book, there were fourteen masters (Jia Xichun) in Fu Rong at that time, with a total population of about 400, and the ratio of master to servant reached 1: 25. Judging from their family background, Jia Lin and his wife are both hereditary princes and nobles. Jia she, the first-class general when attacking; Jia Zheng was then Foreign Minister of the Ministry of Industry. Lin Ruhai, a doctor of Lantai Temple and a criminal record, was ordered to patrol the salt country, while Lin Ruhai's father, IV, attacked the salt country. The family is quite the same, the family background is quite the same, and the extravagant style is quite different. Can Jia Fuan be unbeaten? Can the ending be miserable?
Comparison of character description
Comparison between Wang Xifeng and others When Wang Xifeng appeared, the author adopted the writing technique of listening to his voice first and then meeting his people. Just as the old lady said she wanted to prepare an extra pill, "I didn't say a word, and someone in the backyard said with a smile,' I'm late, have I ever welcomed guests from afar!'" " "。 Everyone else held their breath and stood ready. In Lin Daiyu's view, this person is really rude. But this just highlights the special position and identity of Wang Xifeng in the Jia family and depicts the pungent side of her character. She won the favor of grandmother Jia, and no one in Hefei dared to joke in front of grandmother Jia except Jia Baoyu. It is because of thousands of pets that they dare to be so unscrupulous.
Comparison between Wang Xifeng and Jia San sisters When Jia San sisters appeared, there was only one outline description: "The first one was slightly rich in skin, with a strong figure, green plums on both cheeks, goose fat on his nose, gentle and silent, and amiable in appearance. The second one has a thin waist and shoulders, a slender figure, an oval face and fine eyes, looking forward to flying, seeing the essence of literary talent and forgetting the customs. The third one is not enough, and there are still few descriptions. " As for Wang Xifeng, "this person's clothes are different from other girls, and the colorful embroidery is brilliant, just like a fairy princess: the blue head wears gold silk and eight treasures to save pearls, and the pearls are hung with five phoenixes in the morning ..." A small detail, one simple and exquisite, one noble and vulgar, describes the charm and noble temperament of the three sisters Jia, implies Wang Xifeng's greed and vulgarity, and reflects her heart from the side.
Comparison between Wang Xifeng and Mrs. Wang When Daiyu went to see Jia Zheng, "Mrs. Wang took him to the kang four times, and Mrs. Wang sat on the other side." When it was time for dinner, I saw Grandmother Jia sitting alone on the couch with four chairs on both sides. Xifeng quickly pulled Daiyu to sit in the first chair on the left, and Daiyu was very reluctant. "A" carry "a" pull ",a cordial enthusiasm, a steady and fierce wave. The author highlights Wang Xifeng's enthusiasm here, which is nothing more than a performance. The ultimate goal is to please grandma, which reflects Wang Xifeng's shrewdness and cunning.
When Lin Daiyu and Jia Baoyu met, they both felt deja vu. Daiyu was taken aback when she saw it. "。 She thought,' It's strange, but it's just like what I saw there. "How familiar!" Baoyu looked at it and said with a smile, "I've seen this sister before." "Grandmother Jia said with a smile," That's nonsense again. Have you seen him? Baoyu said with a smile,' Although we have never met, we are familiar, and our hearts are old friends. Today, I just want to see him again. It's not necessary. ""one is the initiator and the other is the incarnation of the devil; One is to pay attention step by step and always care, and the other is to be outspoken spontaneously. So although the feelings are the same, one is just hidden inside and the other is expressed naked. This description makes the environment and characters perfectly integrated.
The ratio of Lin Daiyu's understanding of Jia Baoyu Lin Daiyu learned from the population of Wang Fu that Jia Baoyu was a curse of evil life and a devil in troubled times. He was once sweet-talking, and at the same time crazy and silly, so I don't know how to give birth to a lazy and ignorant urchin, but I don't want to see that stupid thing. As a result, at first glance, it looks like the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and its color is like the flowers at dawn in spring. Although it sometimes gets angry and sometimes laughs, it is angry and affectionate. How familiar! Heart, immediately on Jia Baoyu's side. Become a staunch ally who betrayed feudal parents and feudal society. It highlights Lin Daiyu's sense of identity with Jia Baoyu.
Comparing Jia Baoyu with the feudal bachelor, he said, "Daiyu often heard from her mother that her second aunt had a cousin who was born with jade and was very stubborn. She hated reading very much and liked hanging out with her." This is ridiculous for all feudal bachelors, so Xijiang criticized in the middle of the month: even if she was born with good skin, her abdomen was rough. Know nothing about the world, stupid and afraid to read articles. There is no hope of living up to the good times at home and abroad. The world is incompetent first, unparalleled in ancient and modern times. Baoyu has no intention of fame and fortune, hates the four books, and prefers the West Chamber. He avoided fame and entered the boudoir, which was unacceptable to feudal parents and would be spurned by feudal rulers, so he was repeatedly beaten by Jia Zheng. Xijiangyue seems to be depraved, but she has successfully created a glorious image of a rebel of the feudal ruling class.
Through comparison, we can see the reasons for the decline of Jia family; Through comparison, we can see the elegant demeanor of the characters: Daiyu is delicate, Baoyu is crazy and eccentric, and Xifeng is vulgar, pungent and arrogant. Through comparison, we can sigh that Cao Xueqin's brushwork and the appearance of characters are appropriate, meticulous and appropriate, which not only changes his brushwork, but also highlights the focus of description among many characters. Deepen the understanding of the article and A Dream of Red Mansions.
Lin Daiyu entered Jia's house.
Academic goal
1. Understand the anti-feudal significance of A Dream of Red Mansions and Cao Xueqin's criticism of the dark reality at that time.
2. Understand how to describe the typical environment of Jiafu in this article and understand the characteristics of environmental description.
3. From the analysis of different personalities of Lin Daiyu, Jia Baoyu and Wang Xifeng, we can learn the methods of shaping characters around the central event in this paper.
4. Master the meanings of some words commonly used in classical novels and different from ancient times to modern times.
Teaching assumption
1. key points: analyze the personality characteristics of several characters in this article; The role of environmental description.
Difficulty: the role of Xijiang Yue in expressing the character.
2. Briefly introduce the main contents of the first four chapters of the novel, so that students can better understand the content of this article.
3. Organize students to watch TV drama clips related to the text: the first episode "Lin Daiyu's other father went to Beijing", the second episode "Baochai first met Rongqingtang" and the thirty episodes "The earth is thick and the sky is high".
Class arrangement
Three times teaching
First teaching time
Main content: A Dream of Red Mansions is understood as a whole.
First, import
(Slide projection) Bao Dai * * * read the illustration of The West Chamber and three paragraphs: extension, realm and people, with the music of "virtual eyebrows". Create an atmosphere.
Second, introduce A Dream of Red Mansions and Cao Xueqin.
1. Let the students briefly introduce what they know about a dream of red mansions.
2. Then the supplementary introduction is as follows:
A Dream of Red Mansions, formerly known as The Story of the Stone, is the most outstanding realistic work in China's ancient novels. It came into being in the so-called "flourishing age" of Qing Dynasty, and was called "Heqing Haiyan" in history. At that time, with the recovery and development of the economy, the factors of capitalism also increased. This new force inevitably clashed with the feudal system that seriously bound it. This conflict is reflected in the field of superstructure, which is the contradictory struggle between the budding but vigorous initial democratic thought and the decadent but dominant feudal patriarchal ideology and traditional system. In this era, A Dream of Red Mansions takes the rise and fall of Jia, Shi, Wang and Xue as the background and the love tragedy of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu as the main line, which truly and artistically reflects the historical trend of the decline of China feudal society.
Cao Xueqin, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions (about 17 15- 1763), whose real name is Meng Ruan, is also known as Xueqin, Qinpu and Xiqin. His predecessor was originally a Han Chinese, but he became a flag bearer early. Starting from his great-grandfather Cao, his grandfather, his uncle Cao Qing and his father all inherited the office of Jiangning Weaving. His great-grandmother was Emperor Kangxi's wet nurse, his grandfather Cao Yin was Emperor Kangxi's waiting list, and his two daughters were chosen as princesses. Emperor Kangxi visited the South six times and took Jiangning Weaving Department as his palace four times. This shows the splendor of the Cao family and its close relationship with the royal family.
The Cao family is also a family with literary education. Cao Xueqin's grandfather, Cao Yin, was a well-read man who wrote many poems and songs and was also a famous bibliophile. He presided over the engraving of the famous Tang Poetry. This family environment undoubtedly has a direct impact on Cao Xueqin's literary accomplishment.
Cao Xueqin experienced a period of aristocratic life of "cotton-padded clothes and trousers" and "fragrant land" in his youth. After Yongzheng ascended the throne, he launched a cruel struggle to destroy his political enemies. Under the influence of the power struggle within the royal family, his father Cao Fu was dismissed and deprived of his property, and then sent back to Beijing. Since then, he has lived a life of "thatched rafters" (see the first episode of A Dream of Red Mansions) and "porridge and wine on credit" (Duncheng: for Cao Qinpu). He wrote A Dream of Red Mansions, "Mourning for Hongxuan, I read it for ten years, adding and deleting it five times" (see the first episode of A Dream of Red Mansions) Due to poverty and illness, and the sadness of my beloved son, this book died tragically.
Cao Xueqin experienced the ups and downs of the Cao family in his life, and also fell from a noble son to a "poor man." This world-different life change can not help but make him have a painful and profound memory of everything he has experienced in the past, which leads to ideological contradictions: on the one hand, the brand left on him by aristocratic family life in his youth has made him have a warm attachment to class and his thoughts are illusory; On the other hand, the corruption of society and the ugliness of the ruling class made him know the face of his class and his character was rebellious. All these laid a good foundation for him to write the masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions.
The last forty chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions were continued by Gao E in Qing Dynasty. Researchers generally believe that Gao E's love story with Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu ended in tragedy, but he followed Cao Xueqin's original intention. However, it is against Cao Xueqin's original intention to write the ending of Jia Fu as "Gui Lan Qi Fang" and his family returned to the beginning.
3. Introduce "good songs" read by people with broken feet (slide projection)
Everyone knows that immortals are good, but their fame is unforgettable.
Where will the past and present be? A pile of grass on the wasteland is missing.
Everyone knows that immortals are good, but gold and silver can't forget them;
In the end, I only hate getting together, but I close my eyes for a long time.
Everyone knows that immortals are good, but only wives can't forget them;
You said hello on your birthday, and you died with others.
Everyone knows that immortals are good, but only children and grandchildren can't forget them;
Since ancient times, there have been many infatuated parents. Who has seen filial piety for children and grandchildren?
4. The value and theme of red
The artistic achievement of A Dream of Red Mansions;
(1). Numerous immortal art models.
More than 400 people. Typical: dozens. Famous ones are: Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu, Xue Baochai, Wang Xifeng, Jia Mu, Mrs. Wang, Jia Zheng, Jia She, Jia Lian and Jia Yucun; Jia's Four Springs (Yuan Chun, Yingchun, Tanchun and Xichun); Attacking people, Qingwen; You Erjie, You Sanjie; Grandma Liu, etc.
A complicated story.
Use a lot of daily life to describe fascinating. (Inheriting Jin Ping Mei, but different from it. The main contents described are: daily life, family dinner, chatting after the board, enjoying the scenery with flowers, singing poems against each other, and being deeply in love with children ... This period was occasionally punctuated by major events-visiting relatives in the spring of January, dismissing officials and seizing property, reflecting the change of Jia family from prosperity to decline. Describe the environment, mainly the Grand View Garden, Er Fu, Rong Ning, and life outside the government. Many stories are based on the love between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu, the owners of the Garden and Xiaoxiang Pavilion. Daiyu's entry into the government was the beginning of their relationship. After two small guesses, love sprouted, misunderstanding and suspicion, she finally fell in love, but it ended in tragedy (Daiyu died and Baoyu became a monk).
(3) Expressive language.
Literary language based on northern spoken language and refined through processing; Accurate, concise, clear, smooth and vivid.
Second, introduce the contents of the first five chapters of Red.
The first time is the opening. First, two fairy tales, Mending the Goddess of Heaven and Meng Qian in Wood and Stone, are used as a wedge to shape Jia Baoyu's character and describe the love story between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu, which is stained with romanticism. Tell two stories.
In the story of "unfortunately, women make up the sky", the author deliberately describes a stubborn stone of "making up the sky without material, and joining the WTO is illusory". This is the "psychic Baoyu" that Jia Baoyu wore when he was born. A metaphor for Jia Baoyu's rebellious character. On the one hand, it implies that he is a fool who does not meet the requirements of feudal society. On the other hand, it also implies that his ideological character, which is opposite to feudalism, is as "stubborn" as a hard stone falling from the sky and difficult to be changed by the secular world.
The "alliance of wood and stone" mainly explains the relationship between this stubborn stone and crimson pearl grass. It shows that this stubborn stone was transformed into a magical waiter before being reincarnated into the WTO, and a "crimson pearl fairy grass" was watered with nectar, making it enduring. Later, it took off the vegetation and became a human form and a female body. When this stubborn stone is in the afterlife, she will go with her to repay the virtue of irrigation and return all her tears to him. This crimson pearl fairy grass is the predecessor of Lin Daiyu. It is because of this marriage that when Lin Daiyu first met Baoyu, she felt "strange, as if she had seen it there"; Jia Baoyu also felt that "I have seen this sister before" and "I feel like an old acquaintance when I look at her kindness. I only wish to meet again today." As for the "tears", it is in line with the excerpt "I am afraid that his illness will not be cured for a lifetime." If you want to get better, you must never cry again from now on.
The second time is to explain Jia people. Through Leng Zixing's On Guo Rong's Fu, this paper briefly introduces the relationship between the characters in Jia Fu, and lists a concise "character list" for readers to read through the book.
(Slide) Jia Family Relationship List
The third time is the typical environment of introducing novels. Through what Lin Daiyu heard and saw, she made a direct description of Jia family for the first time. Lin Daiyu's whereabouts in the government are clues to introduce Jia people and describe Jia's environment.
The fourth time is to show the broader social background of the novel. This paper introduces the relationship between Jia, Shi, Wang and Xue through the case of Hulu monk judging Hulu, and describes Jia's family background in a broader social background to make it more typical. At the same time, Xue Pan's case naturally leads to the plot of Xue Baochai entering Jia Fu.
The fifth time is the total steel of the book. Through Jia Baoyu's fantasy, he metaphorically conveyed the development and ending of many characters in A Dream of Red Mansions in the form of picture books, judgments and songs. A Dream of Red Mansions has only been circulated for eighty times, and sequels are basically based on these metaphors to try to figure out the fate of the characters in A Dream of Red Mansions.
At this point, the main characters, environmental background, development context and characters' fate in the book have been basically explained, and the plot development of the novel has been carried out on this basis.
Four, (slide projection, with illustrations) Jinling twelve hairpin and xiren, Qingwen's verdict.
Judge the person written in the judgment and infer the fate and character of the character. After the students discussed it, the teacher briefly summarized it.
Judgment: It's a pity to stop working, but it's a pity to praise talents! The jade belt hangs in the forest and is buried in the snow.
For 20 years, Liu Zhanfang has taken care of Gong Wei; Three spring for the early spring scenery, the tiger and rabbit meet and dream of returning to their hometown.
I am smart and ambitious. I was born in the last days. Qingming tears are sent to the riverside to see, and Dongfeng dreams.
What is wealth? Parental disobedience between infants; The beautiful eyes hang oblique light, and the Xiangjiang River died in Chu Yunfei.
If you want to be clean, you can't be clean, and the clouds may not be empty. Poor Xiaoyu finally got stuck in the mud.
My son is a Zhongshan wolf. If he succeeds, he will be crazy. Golden boudoir flowers and willows, a burden to fight.
It can be seen that the spring scenery is not long, and the clothes are replaced with the makeup of the year before. Poor embroidered maid, lying alone beside the ancient Buddha in Deng Qing.
All the birds from the last days know that they love this life. Obeying two orders, three people were in a daze, and crying to Jinling was even more sad.
If you are defeated, you will lose your family. I met a benefactor because I helped Liu.
After the spring breeze bears fruit, who is like an orchid? Like ice water, you are jealous in an empty space, and you play jokes on others in vain.
Love the sky infinitely, love the phantom body, and love the main yin when it comes to time; If you talk nonsense, you will have honor. It's a good start to trouble.
The moon is hard to meet, and the colorful clouds are easy to disperse. The heart is higher than the sky, based on this. Romance and dexterity are offensive. Immortality begets slander, and amorous childe is empty.
Warm in vain, empty clouds like osmanthus. The actresses are blessed, but the sons have no chance.
Second teaching time
Main contents: analysis of the typical environment of Jiafu; An analysis of the images of three generations of housewives in Rong Guo Fu
First, review the relationship between the red characters.
Using courseware, let the students go to the stage to operate, drag the character icon to the corresponding position in the picture, and if the seat is wrong, the icon will automatically return.
Second, analyze the typical environment of Jiafu.
1. Q: What's the difference between Jiafu and other families? (The slides are played step by step)
After discussion, the grand and luxurious mansion was launched from three aspects.
The big plaque of the emperor's imperial book
The couplet inscribed by the king
Gorgeous appearance, clear manners
Jiamuyuan
Exquisite layout Jiasheyuan
What's the difference between Jiafu and other families? Jia zhengyuan
Gorgeous furniture
Find the relevant sentences from the text.
2. Discuss the characteristics and functions of environmental description.
3. Draw the "Orientation Map of Rongguofu Courtyard" by deducing the relevant paragraphs of the text.
(Slide projection) The Schematic Diagram of the Hospital Location of Guo Rongfu draws the road map of Lin Daiyu entering Jia's house with arrows.
4. Close the book, students go to the stage to operate the computer and drag the building icon to the correct position.
3. 1. What is the relationship between the two types of people that Daiyu met in the government?
2. When Lin Daiyu entered the Jia family, her husband's family naturally met many important people in the Jia family. Although the introduction of them in the article is more detailed, there are some false facts, but after all, some main characters are appearing in front of readers for the first time.
Finish the exercise after class 1.
Four, three generations of housewives, Mrs. Wang and Rong Guo Fu.
This lesson discusses and analyzes the images of Jia Mu and Mrs. Wang.
The third teaching time
First, analyze the image of Xifeng Wang.
1. What's your impression of Xifeng Wang?
2. Analyze her character and her position in the Jia family from the plots of writing her appearance, drawing portraits, seeing Daiyu and returning to the lady. (slide show)
3. How do we feel when we see the three dignitaries in charge of internal affairs in Guo Rong Palace? Can Daiyu get along with them? What will be the fate in the future?
Second, "however, I feel the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn": Daiyu and Baoyu.
1. Read the text and analyze Lin Daiyu's personality characteristics.
Find a sentence to summarize Daiyu's actions;
Find out Daiyu's arguments of "always caring" and "paying attention step by step";
Appearance description.
2. Jia Baoyu
Profile before appearance;
Portrait description after appearance;
A summary of the word "Xijiang Moon".
(The slide is played step by step, accompanied by the song "Virtual Eyebrows")
3. Bao Dai's first encounter (with the tune "A sister Lin fell from the sky")
The other person in the eyes of two people;
A "shock" and a "sigh".
4. (Slide) Illustrations of "Good Marriage" and "White Highland" with songs of "Good Marriage".
Third, master some classical Chinese vocabulary in combination with after-class exercises.