This Zhu Houzong was only 15 years old at this time and lived in Huguang Anlu, which was later Zhongxiang, Hubei.
Zhu Houzong received an imperial edict from Zhang Taihou and immediately rushed to Beijing from Hubei. As he has not yet ascended the throne, ministers let him enter the Forbidden City from Dong 'anmen and live in Wenhua Hall, the east wing of the three halls facing the outside world.
After living in Wenhua Temple, Zhu Houzong felt very dissatisfied. Why?
It turns out that this Wenhua Hall has always been the place where the princes of the Ming Dynasty lived, and Zhu Houzong came to the Forbidden City as the emperor. Of course, he is not satisfied with this arrangement.
When Zhu Houzong was angry, he refused to ascend the throne and sat on the throne of the emperor. This worried Empress Dowager Cixi and her ministers, because it took them a long time to decide to let Zhu Houzong succeed to the throne. What's more, "a country can't be without a king for a day."
So, everyone was defeated by the stubborn boy, and finally agreed to move out of the Wenhua Hall after Zhu Houzong officially ascended the throne.
On May 27th this year, Zhu Houzong officially ascended the throne with the title of Jiajing, which was later Ming Yingzong.
On the second day after the emperor ascended the throne, he officially entered the Fengtian Hall to live and enjoy the specifications of the emperor.
1536, Zhu Houzong changed the cultural center into the emperor's convenience hall for his own study.
This Wenhua Hall was later destroyed by war in the late Ming Dynasty, and it was not rebuilt until the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. The existing Wenhua Hall in the Forbidden City is a monument handed down from the reign of Emperor Kangxi.
This hall is located in the east of the central axis of the palace, echoing the Wuying Hall in the west. It's martial arts, with east and west wings, guarding the three halls of the imperial court.
The existing Wenhua Hall in the Forbidden City is an independent courtyard consisting of Wenhua Gate, front and back halls and east and west halls. Now it has been turned into the ceramic museum of the Palace Museum, and a large number of ceramic exhibitions have been held.
The main hall of Wenhua Hall is an I-shaped plane. The front hall is the Wenhua Hall, facing south, with 5 rooms wide and 3 rooms deep, with yellow glazed tiles resting on the top of the mountain. There are 6 three-way hexagonal diamond doors in the bay, and the sill window between the second room and the top room. Each room has 4 three-way hexagonal diamond fan windows. There is a window on the east and west gables. Out of the platform in front of the temple, there is a Yong road leading directly to Wenhua Gate.
Houdian is the main temple of worship, and its regulation is slightly similar to that of Wenhua Hall, but its depth is slightly shallow. The front and rear halls are connected by corridors. The East Hall and the West Hall are Rendian Hall and Jiyi Hall respectively.
Wenhua Hall is the right wing of the three halls in architectural layout, and it is a supplement to the three external halls in function. In front of the Wenhua Hall, there is the Wenhua Gate, followed by the main worship hall, and there are affiliated halls in the east-west direction. There is also a courtyard on the east side, called the Heart Hall, which is the place where Confucius was sacrificed to "Jing Yan". There is a well in the hospital called Dadongjing, which is very sweet and famous in Beijing.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties and every spring and autumn period, banquets were held in the Wenhua Hall. In the Qing Dynasty, scholars, Shangshu, Zuodu Shi Yu, Assistant Minister and others served as lecturers at the banquet, with 8 in Manchu and 8 in Han. Every year, Manchu and Han people talk about "Jing" and "Shu" respectively, and the emperor writes his own imperial theory, expounds his experience, and gives tea and seats after the ceremony. The marking of court examinations in Ming and Qing Dynasties was also conducted in Wenhua Hall.
In the Ming Dynasty, there was a post of "exorcist in Wenhua Temple" to help the prince study. The cabinet system of "three halls and three pavilions" gradually evolved in the Qing Dynasty. The duty of the University of Wenhua Temple became to assist the emperor in managing government affairs and officials, and his authority was greatly expanded than that of the Ming Dynasty.
Of course, as the two-wing building of the three halls outside the Forbidden City, the east wing of the three halls not only has the Wenhua Hall building, but also the Wenyuan Pavilion, Shangyuan and Nansan. In the west wing, besides Wuying Hall, there are buildings such as the Interior Office.
Among them, the Wen Yuan Pavilion is located behind the Wenhua Hall in the East Gate of the Forbidden City. Wenyuan Pavilion is located on the north and south sides, and the pavilion is modeled after Fan Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo, Zhejiang. The exterior is two-story, with a concealed building at the waist eaves, six rooms wide, and stairs at the west end connecting the upper and lower floors.
The blue bricks of two gables are paved to the roof, which is simple and elegant. Black glazed tile roof, green glazed tile trimming, meaning black main water, fire water pressure to protect the books collected in the pavilion.
The front porch of the exhibition hall has palindrome railings, lintels hanging upside down under the eaves, green eaves columns, fresh and pleasing Soviet-style color paintings, which are more garden architectural style. There is a square pool carved in front of the pavilion to introduce gold water and river water into it. A stone bridge is built on the pool, and aquatic animals are carved on the stone bridge and the fence around the pool, which is beautiful and exquisite.
After the pavilion, the lake stones pile up into mountains, just like barriers. During this period, pine and cypress were planted, which lasted for more than 200 years and flourished.
On the east side of the pavilion, there is a unique pavilion with yellow glazed tiles on the top. There is a stone tablet in the pavilion. On the front, there is Wen Yuan Pavilion inscribed by Emperor Qianlong, and on the back, there are royal poems presented by Wen Yuan Pavilion.
The existing Wen Yuan Pavilion in the Forbidden City is the Royal Library, which houses Sikuquanshu.
Sikuquanshu is the largest series in history, which contains the essence of ancient books and traditional culture. Emperor Qianlong specially named the Siku Pavilion built in the forbidden area of the court and the entrance to the imperial palace.
Except Wenyuan Pavilion, which was named after the Ming Dynasty, the other three parts of the palace were hidden in Wenyuan Pavilion, Jinwen Pavilion and Wenshui Pavilion, and the four pavilions were also called "North Temple Pavilion". After that, there are three volumes in Wenzong Pavilion, Wenhui Pavilion and Wen Lan Pavilion, which are called "Nansan Pavilion". In other words, the naming of the fourth courtyard of the Forbidden City, represented by Wenyuan Pavilion, adopts the method of "Tianyi Pavilion", which embodies the concept of "incompatible with water and fire".
Located in the northeast of Wenhua Hall on the east road of Nansanwai, the east wing building of Waichaosan Hall is the general name of a group of halls. In the Ming dynasty, this area was occupied by the prince with the end of the temple and the end of the palace.
Among them, the original name of the temple was "Xie Fangting", which was the place where the imperial secretary of Prince Yin Ren lived during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. 1746, three courtyards were built on the original site of Xie Fang Hall as the residence of the prince.
Because it is located in the south of Ningshou Palace, it is also called "South Third Hospital" and "Argo Hospital" or "Sol". After Jiaqing, it was usually called "Xiefang Hall" as the whole building complex.
The princes of the Qing dynasty could only run around and enjoy the love of their parents when they were young. /kloc-at the age of 0/0, he will move out of the harem and temporarily live in Yuqing Palace or the more remote "South Third Hospital" on the two wings of the Imperial Palace. After being made a prince, he will completely move out of the Forbidden City and live in the Wang Fu given by his father.
The South Third Hospital has palace gates, three wide and one deep. Green glazed tiles rest on the top of the mountain, the door opens in the middle, and there is a slow road inside and outside. There is a long and narrow Little Square in the door, and three places are arranged in turn from east to west on the north side of the square, one before and one after.
The South Third Hospital has the same shape: there is a glazed door at the southern end, with three rooms in the front hall, five rooms in nave and five rooms in the back hall, and the green glazed tiles are hard to reach the top of the mountain. There are three main halls in front of the temple, and there is a well pavilion in front of the middle hall.
In addition, there are wing rooms, mountain rooms, duty rooms, restaurants, clean rooms and other halls. The entire South Third Hospital has more than 200 rooms. Later, each of the three institutes added a back building with a black glazed tile roof.
Nansan is located in the east of the Forbidden City. According to the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements, the East belongs to the blue wood, so the roof is covered with green glazed tiles, and the prince is arranged to live here.
At the same time, according to feudal etiquette, the roofs of the three buildings in the south are all single-eaved hard hilltops or rest hilltops, which are slightly inferior to the temples used by the emperor.
After the completion of the South Third Hospital, Emperor Jiaqing lived in the middle of Qianlong for 40 or 60 years, and Qianlong was crowned Prince in 60 years and then moved to Yuqing Palace. During the Jiaqing period, the prince lived in Yuqing Palace when he was young and moved to Nansan after marriage.
Since then, Daoguang and Emperor Xianfeng have lived here. During Xuan Tong's time, it was the residence of Regent Zai Feng.
Nansan is not the name of a building, but the common name of the fixed residence of the Qing emperor. It also includes five places in eastern Jiangxi and five places in western Jiangxi. Generally speaking, after the prince gets married and knighted, he will move out of Argo's house, but some people still stay in Argo's house after getting married and knighted.
Gandong No.5 is located in the east of Gan Qing Palace and north of Qianyingmen. In fact, there are five courtyards facing south, which are called Dongtou No.2, Dongsan, Dongsi and Wu Dong respectively from west to east. This area became the residence of the prince in the Ming Dynasty. Most emperors of Gan, Jia and Dao dynasties lived here.
Ganxi Fifth Hospital is located in the west of Gan Qing Palace, north of Baizimen. Like the Fifth Hospital of East Jiangxi, it is also called "Head Hospital" and "Second Hospital". All the emperors before Yongzheng lived here. After Qianlong ascended the throne, the five houses in Ganxi were upgraded to China Palace, Fu Jian Palace, Jingshengzhai and so on because they were "Qianlong Mansions". , no longer live by princes.
Generally speaking, the South Three Halls and the East Wing of the Three Halls facing the outside world are essentially places to cultivate the prince to stand on his own feet at an early date and have the function of educating people.
Wuying Hall in the west wing of the three main halls outside the Forbidden City is a slant hall, located in the west of the meridian gate outside the courtyard, which is symmetrical with and made of Wenhua Hall. The difference is that the Neijinshui River flows eastward from the front of Wuying Hall, while the Wenhua Hall flows eastward from the front of Wenyuan Pavilion behind the house. The names of the two temples seem to be that Wenhua talks about literature and Wu Ying talks about martial arts, but they are not.
In the early Ming Dynasty, the emperor used Wuying Hall as a fasting place, and the queen also accepted congratulations from married women here. But more time is engaged in cultural activities here. For example, the emperor often called officials in the cabinet who have titles and can write good paintings to compile books and paintings here.
The existing Wuyingdian complex was completed in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, covering an area of about1200,000 square meters, with more than 60 main buildings and more than 6,500 square meters. The building complex consists of Wuyingmen, Wuyingtang, Jingsitang, Ningdaotang, Zhanghuantang, Hengshou Zhaitang, Yudetang and about 63 corridors.
The main hall, Wuying Hall, faces south, with five rooms wide and three rooms deep, with yellow glazed tiles resting on the top of the mountain. Sumitomo was surrounded by a white marble fence. When he left the stage, there was a permanent road leading to Wuyingmen.
The shape of Jingsi Hall in the back hall is similar to that of Wuying Hall, and the front and back halls are connected by cloisters. The east and west halls are Ningdao Hall and Zhanghuan Hall respectively, with 63 corridors on the left and right. There is Hengshouzhai in the northeast and Yudetang in the northwest.
At the same time, in the Qing Dynasty, Wuying Hall was also the place where the imperial court wrote books and made statements, and it was the core of the royal cultural undertakings. There are thousands of people here who repair, edit and proofread books at most.
The existing painting and calligraphy gallery in the main hall of Wuying Hall contains rare and unique works of Jin, Tang, Song and Yuan dynasties, as well as representative works of famous painters in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which can clearly and systematically reflect the development of ancient painting and calligraphy art in China, in order to feel the classics, share the beauty of China painting and calligraphy art and show the profoundness of China traditional culture.
The ancient books recording hall in the east-west annex of Wuying Hall contains a large number of precious ancient books, related artifacts, paintings and calligraphy, which shows the amazing achievements of the Qing court in book collection, reading, editing and book binding from many angles.
Wu Yingtang's paintings and calligraphy works include Luo Shen Fu, Ping Fu Tie, You Chuntu, Bujitu, Han Xizai's Night Banquet, Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, New Year's greeting, and Poem to Forty-nine Nephews.
The internal affairs office in the west wing of the three halls of the foreign dynasty is the institution that manages court affairs in the Qing Dynasty, which is unique in the Qing Dynasty and was first established in the early years of Shunzhi. The existing office building in the Forbidden City no longer exists.