Risperidone, trade name, alias-Risperidone, has no side effects that damage intelligence, and is prone to extrapyramidal reactions. At present, compound Naofukang cerebroprotein hydrolysate tablets are generally used in clinic instead of treatment. Molecular formula and molecular weight C23H27FN4O2 4 10.49 character 1mg Risperidone tablets are white film-coated tablets, and they are white after removing the coating; 2mg risperidone tablets are light orange film-coated tablets, and the coated tablets are white. Edit the pharmacological characteristics of this paragraph. This product is a benzoxazole derivative, a new generation of antipsychotic drugs. Risperidone, its active ingredient, is a selective monoaminergic antagonist with unique properties, which has high affinity for 5- HT2 receptor of serotonin and D2 receptor of dopamine. Risperidone can also bind to adrenergic receptors, and bind to h 1- histamine receptors and α2- adrenergic receptors with low affinity. Risperidone does not bind to cholinergic receptors. Risperidone is a potent D2 antagonist, which can improve the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, but compared with classical antipsychotics, it causes less motor function inhibition and tension syncope. The antagonistic balance between serotonin and dopamine in the central system can reduce the possibility of extrapyramidal side effects and extend its therapeutic effect to negative symptoms and emotional symptoms of schizophrenia. Pharmacological characteristics of this paragraph: risperidone can be completely absorbed after oral administration, and its blood concentration reaches its peak within 1-2 hours, and its absorption is not affected by food. In vivo, risperidone is partially metabolized to 9- hydroxy-risperidone, which has similar pharmacological effects with risperidone. This product can be rapidly distributed in the body. The plasma protein binding rate of risperidone was 88%, and that of 9- hydroxyrisperidone was 77%. The elimination half-life of drugs is about 3 hours, and the elimination half-life of effective components of antipsychotics is 24 hours. Most patients reach the steady state of risperidone within 1 day and 9- hydroxyrisperidone after 4-5 days. After one week, 70% of the drugs were excreted in urine and 65,438+04% in feces. Among the substances excreted in urine, 35-45% are risperidone and 9- hydroxyrisperidone, and the rest are inactive metabolites. The blood concentration of risperidone in elderly patients and patients with renal insufficiency is high and the clearance rate is slow. The function and use of this paragraph is used to treat obvious positive symptoms (such as hallucination, fantasy, thinking disorder, hostility and doubt) and obvious negative symptoms (such as unresponsiveness, apathy, social indifference and silence) in acute and chronic schizophrenia and other mental states. It can also relieve emotional symptoms related to schizophrenia (such as depression, guilt and anxiety). For patients who get effective treatment in acute phase, Visteon can continue to play its clinical effect in maintenance period. Edit this adverse reaction 1. The common adverse reactions related to taking this product are insomnia, anxiety, headache, dizziness and dry mouth. 2. Less common adverse reactions include drowsiness, fatigue, decreased attention, constipation, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, blurred vision, abnormal erection of penis, erectile difficulty, ejaculation weakness, sexual apathy, urinary incontinence, rhinitis, rash and other allergic reactions. 3. It may cause extrapyramidal symptoms, such as muscle tension, tremor, rigidity, salivation, bradykinesia, akathisia and acute dystonia. It can be eliminated by reducing the dose or giving drugs against Parkinson's syndrome. 4. Occasionally there will be symptoms of (postural) hypotension, (reflex) tachycardia or hypertension. 5. There will be weight gain, edema and elevated liver enzyme levels. 6. Occasionally, water poisoning may be caused by the patient's thirst or improper secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). 7. It will increase the concentration of prolactin in plasma, and its related symptoms are: galactorrhea, male and female breasts, menstrual disorder and amenorrhea. 8. Occasionally, tardive dyskinesia, malignant symptom groups, abnormal body temperature and seizures can be seen. 9. There is a case report of a slight decrease in neutrophil and/or platelet count. 10. Depression, aggravating depression. 1 1. The hormone level is increased. Edit the contraindications and precautions in this paragraph. Patients who are known to be allergic to this product are contraindicated. Precautions 1. Patients with cardiovascular diseases (such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, abnormal conduction, dehydration, blood loss, cerebrovascular diseases, etc.) should use it with caution, starting with a small dose and gradually increasing the dose (see usage and dosage). 2. Because this product has α receptor blocking activity, postural hypotension will appear at the initial stage of administration and when the administration speed is too fast, so the dosage should be reduced. 3. Similar to other drugs with dopamine receptor antagonist properties, it will lead to tardive dyskinesia, which is characterized by rhythmic voluntary movement mainly in the tongue and face. If tardive dyskinesia occurs, all antipsychotics should be stopped. 4. It has been reported that taking classic anti-sperm drugs will lead to malignant symptoms, such as high fever, muscle stiffness, trembling, consciousness change and increased creatine phosphokinase level. At this time, all antipsychotic drugs including this product should be stopped. 5. Patients with Parkinson's syndrome should use this product with caution, because in theory, this drug will worsen the condition. 6. Classic antipsychotics will lower the threshold of epilepsy, so patients with epilepsy should still use this product with caution. 7. Patients taking this product should avoid overeating to avoid getting fat. 8. In view of the effect of this product on the central nervous system, caution should be exercised when taking it together with other drugs acting on the central nervous system. 9. This product has an impact on activities that need vigilance. Therefore, patients are advised not to drive or operate machines until they know their sensitivity to drugs. It is not clear whether it is safe for pregnant and lactating women to take this product. Animal experiments show that risperidone has no direct toxicity to reproduction and no teratogenic effect. Nevertheless, pregnant women should not take this product unless the benefits obviously outweigh the possible risks. It is not clear whether this product will be excreted in breast milk. Animal experiments show that risperidone and 9- hydroxyrisperidone are excreted in animal milk. Therefore, women who take this product should not breastfeed. Edit this paragraph "Drug Instructions for Children and the Elderly". At present, children under 15 lack sufficient clinical experience in children's medication. It is suggested that the initial dose of elderly patients should be below 0.5mg per day, and the dose should be gradually increased to 1-2mg according to individual needs, once every two times. Before gaining more experience, the elderly should be cautious in the process of adding more. Edit this drug interaction 1. This product can antagonize the effects of levodopa and other dopamine agonists. 2. Amimidine imipramine and other liver enzyme inducers will reduce the plasma concentration of the active ingredients of this product. Once the use of amidinoimipramine or other liver enzyme inducers is stopped, the dosage of this product should be re-determined and reduced if necessary. 3. Phenothiazine, tricyclic antidepressants and some β -blockers will increase the plasma concentration of this product, but will not increase the plasma concentration of antipsychotic active ingredients. 4. When taken together with other drugs with high protein binding, there is no clinically significant exchange of plasma protein. The curative effect of this clinical study is mainly used to treat obvious positive symptoms (such as hallucination, delusion, thinking disorder, hostility and doubt) and obvious negative symptoms (such as slow response, apathy, social apathy, few words, etc.) in acute and chronic schizophrenia. It can also relieve emotional symptoms related to schizophrenia (such as depression, guilt and anxiety). For patients with effective treatment in acute phase, this product can continue to play its clinical effect in maintenance period. Chemical composition The main component of this product is risperidone. Its chemical name is 3-[2-[4-(6- fluoro-1, 2- benzisoxazole -3- yl)-1- piperidinyl] ethyl]-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro -2- methyl -4H- pyridine. Molecular weight of C23H27FN4O2; 4 10.49 pharmacological action This product is a benzoxazole derivative, a new generation of antipsychotic drugs. Risperidone, its active ingredient, is a selective monoaminergic antagonist with unique properties, which has high affinity with 5- HT2 receptor of serotonin and D2 receptor of dopamine. Risperidone can also bind to α 1- adrenergic receptor, but its affinity to α 1- adrenergic receptor is low. H 1- histamine receptor binds to α2- adrenoceptor. Risperidone does not bind to cholinergic receptors. Risperidone is a potent D2 antagonist, which can improve the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, but compared with classical antipsychotics, it causes less motor function inhibition and tension syncope. The antagonistic balance between serotonin and dopamine in the central system can reduce the possibility of extrapyramidal side effects and extend its therapeutic effect to negative symptoms and emotional symptoms of schizophrenia. Drug interaction 1 This product can antagonize the effects of levodopa and other dopamine receptor agonists. 2 amidinoimipramine and other liver enzyme inducers will reduce the plasma concentration of active ingredients in this product. Once the use of amidinoimipramine or other liver enzyme inducers is stopped, the dosage of this product should be re-determined and reduced if necessary. Phenothiazine, tricyclic antidepressants and some β -blockers will increase the plasma concentration of this product, but will not increase the plasma concentration of antipsychotic active ingredients. When taken together with other high-protein binding drugs, there is no clinical exchange of plasma proteins. Adverse reactions 1 Common adverse reactions related to taking this product include insomnia, anxiety, headache, dizziness and dry mouth. Less common adverse reactions include drowsiness, fatigue, decreased attention, constipation, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, blurred vision, abnormal erection of penis, erectile dysfunction, frigidity, urinary incontinence, rhinitis, rash and other allergic reactions. May cause extrapyramidal symptoms, such as muscle tension, tremor, rigidity, salivation, bradykinesia, akathisia and acute dystonia. Symptoms of hypotension (postural), tachycardia (reflex) or hypertension can be eliminated by reducing the dose or giving drugs against Parkinson's syndrome. 5 there will be weight gain, edema and increased liver enzyme level. Occasionally, water poisoning may be caused by patients' thirst or abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). 7 will increase the concentration of prolactin in plasma, and its related symptoms are: galactorrhea, male and female breasts, menstrual disorder and amenorrhea. Occasionally, tardive dyskinesia, malignant symptom groups, body temperature disorders and seizures occur. There is a case report of a slight decrease in neutrophil and/or platelet count. Patients who are known to be allergic to this product are contraindicated.