In 2003, we chose two fish ponds in the 6.67hm2 contiguous fish pond in Hekou Development Zone of Xilang Town, which is located at the foot of the scenic Rong Da Mountain in the suburbs. The area of pond A is 0.73hm2, and the area of pond B is 0.27hm2, which is used for breeding crispy pomfret. The experiment of changing from raising family fish all the year round to raising crispy pomfret has achieved good economic benefits and provided scientific basis and technical support for farmers to increase their income. The average output value of fish ponds reached 169 15.4 yuan /667m2, an increase of 100 15.4 yuan /667m2 over the previous year. The survival rate of crispy pomfret reached 92.5%. The test results are summarized as follows. ?
I. Materials and methods
(1) material?
Pond 1. Cement sand piles around A and B, with an area of *** 1hm2, a pond depth of 2.5m and a water storage depth of 1? 7m, the bottom of the pool is white sand sediment. The pond faces the sun, with abundant water, fresh water and convenient irrigation and drainage. It is equipped with two 1.7kW aerators. The water inlet is blocked with fixed bamboo, and the water outlet is reinforced with steel bars welded into a fish fence to prevent escape.
2. Pond B is used to breed and supply the large fish stocked in Pond A, and the feed is Guangdong Zhanda grass carp feed with full-price granular heavy water. The weight of fingerling reaches 2500 ~ 3000g/tail, with uniform specifications, liveliness and robustness, good quality and no disease.
3. During the whole experiment, broad beans produced in Northeast China were mainly fed, and a small amount of green feed was usually added.
(2) Method?
1. Preparation before fish farming?
(1) Build fish houses and feed warehouses, and reinforce them to prevent water leakage without damaging feed.
(2) Build a feeding tent, because it takes a long time to feed the fish, so be prepared for rain and sun protection.
(3) In pond culture, planting elephant grass around ponds can save expenses, supplement green feed, improve the quality of fish, reduce drugs and achieve the goal of green and pollution-free food. ?
④ pond cleaning and disinfection. Impurities in the dry pond of the fish pond have been removed. After 30 days exposure and 667m2 storage, the pond was thoroughly cleaned with 150kg quicklime. ?
⑤ Reservoir water and landscape with pollution-free, colorless, tasteless and odorless water. The oxygen content is preferably above 4mg/l, and the pH value is 7.0 ~ 7.5. ?
2. Fish stockings?
Crispy pomfret was cultured in Pool A, and after "testing water", grass carp with a size of 1 100 was mixed with domestic fish on June 3, 2003 (see table 1 for details).
Table 1 fish stocking situation table
Variety specification (gram) quantity (tail)
Grass carp species 2800 ~ 3000 species 2000
Bighead carp 250 100
High-yield crucian carp 200 1000
Total 3 100
3. Technical measures?
① During the feeding process, follow the principle of "four fixed feeding" twice a day, and the feeding time is generally 10: 00 and 18: 00. The daily feeding amount is generally 2% ~ 3% of the estimated fish weight. When feeding, observe the situation of 1h residual bait after feeding, and make a flexible decision to ensure that the fish can eat enough and not overeat and waste feed. In the hot season, change the water according to the color of the pond, so that the water quality is fresh and the fish scramble for food.
② The fed broad beans must be soaked and germinated, and the broad beans must be washed and odorless before feeding. The germination time should be connected with the feeding time, so it is better to stick to eating. Feeding germinated broad beans, fish are willing to eat, easy to digest and absorb, high conversion rate, fast fish growth, delicious meat and crisp muscles.
4. Prevention and treatment of fish diseases
By adjusting the water environment in the pond, the environmental factors are kept in ecological balance, and a good living environment is created for fish, which is suitable for the growth and development of fish, so that fish will not get sick or reduce diseases. And do a good job in prevention and control. Generally, the whole pool is sprayed with a mixture of 0.8mg/l copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5∶2), or 0.4mg/l trichloroisocyanuric acid or 0.2mg/l chlorine dioxide, 65,438+0 times a month, and the three drugs are used alternately.
5. Daily management?
(1) patrol the pond, check whether the inlet and outlet are perfect and whether there are loopholes, and observe whether the fish activities are normal and the growth and water quality changes; Strictly guard against theft and theft, and reduce the influence of human factors on project testing.
(2) The weight of fish is detected by irregular sampling, so that the total weight of fish can be estimated, which is convenient for grasping the feeding amount.
Second, the result
The test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Harvest of Experimental Pond *
Variety quantity (tail) output (kg) output value (yuan)
Crispy pomfret185010637.5+080837.5
Bighead carp 98 168 1344
High-yield crucian carp 8 10 486 3888
The total is 275811291.5186069.5.
* Note: The purchase price by the pond is crispy pomfret 17 yuan/kg, bighead carp and high-yield crucian carp 8 yuan/kg.
1. output. The harvest began in June 5438+1October 65438+May, and the dry pond ended in June 5438+February 65438+May. * * 2758 fish were caught, with total output 1 129 1.5kg and average output 18. The yield of crispy pomfret 10637.5kg, the average fish yield was 967kg/667m2, and the crispy pomfret 1850 was harvested, with an average of 5.75kg/ tail. The survival rate of crispy pomfret reached 92.5%.
2. Economic benefits. After the project is completed, the total output value is 186069.5 yuan, and the average output value is 169 15.4 yuan /667m2, of which the output value of crispy pomfret is 180837.5 yuan, and the average output value is 16439.77 yuan. The fee is 3 1.200 yuan, the pond rent is 8,500 yuan, the electricity fee is 2,000 yuan in 500 yuan and fixed assets cost, the medicine fee is 1.000 yuan, and the salary of the pond keeper is 4,800 yuan, accounting for 39.08%, 39.6%, 10.79% and 0.79% of the total investment respectively. The total profit of the project is 107269.5 yuan, the average net profit is 975 1.77 yuan /667m2, and the input-output ratio is 1: 2.36.
Three. discuss
1. The experimental results show that the culture of crispy fish is successful, with the characteristics of high input, large output, short cycle and easy management, and can be operated on a large scale under the above experimental conditions. The economic benefit is remarkable, the operation method is simple, and it is suitable for pond culture promotion.
2. Crispy pomfret, mixed filter-feeding, omnivorous fish and pond culture have high survival rate due to good ecological environment.
3. The important technical measures for pond culture of crispy pomfret are: supporting pond culture, putting in large-sized fish (more than 2.5kg/ tail), persisting in feeding the beans produced in Northeast China after technical treatment, preventing fish diseases, and matching with suitable filter-feeding fish.