Hello, sports medicine in China started in the mid-1950s. From 65438 to 0956, experts from the former Soviet Union came to China to hold "Physician Supervision Class" and "Sports Hygiene Class", which trained the first batch of sports medicine professionals for China. They became pioneers and founders of sports medicine in China, and started the cause of sports medicine in new China.

On 1958, China established the Institute of Sports Science of the State Sports General Administration, 1959 established the peking university health science center Institute of Sports Medicine, 1978 established the China Sports Medicine Association, and 1980 established the China Sports Medicine Association. In the middle and late 1950s, some medical colleges and physical education colleges in China offered the course of "Sports Health Care". During the Cultural Revolution, the cause of sports medicine in China was stagnant, and the course of "sports health care" was also replaced by the course of "sports physiology and health care".

After the Cultural Revolution, everything flourished, and sports medicine courses were set up in physical education majors in colleges and universities all over the country, and sports colleges and universities compiled sports medicine textbooks (1978). In the early 1980s, the Ministry of Education revised the teaching plan of physical education major (undergraduate) in colleges and universities all over the country, holding that the main task of "sports medicine" course is to study and solve the medical problems related to sports training and competition in the field of competitive sports, and to train high-level coaches and athletes for sports training management major, while physical education major is mainly to train qualified middle school physical education teachers, which belongs to the training of high-level physical education talents in mass sports and school sports.

Therefore, according to the professional teaching plan, the teaching plan of physical education should terminate the course of "sports medicine" and offer the course of "sports health care", and closely focus on the overall requirements of training objectives. Under the background of such a new historical period, a new discipline of sports health care was born.

At the same time, the State Council Academic Degrees Committee has also added two new disciplines: Sports Health Care. After the introduction of sports health care in the early 1980s, subject teachers of Zhejiang University, Yangzhou University, Fujian Normal University, Northeast Normal University and Capital Institute of Physical Education, on the basis of extensive investigation and repeated discussion, formulated the first "Sports Health Care Teaching Outline" issued by the Ministry in 1984, and established the discipline system of sports health care. National Physical Education Major is published by Higher Education Press 1987.

1997, 200 1 The second and third editions of the textbook "Sports Health Care" were successively published by Higher Education Press. At this point, it marks that sports health care, like other related disciplines, is gradually maturing.

Sports health care and sports medicine have a historical relationship. Their disciplines are similar, but their research objects, contents and tasks are different. In short, sports health care belongs to the category of mass sports research and serves to promote the implementation of the Outline of National Fitness Program, while sports medicine belongs to the category of competitive sports research and serves to implement the strategy of winning glory for the Olympic Games.

Of course, no discipline will exist in absolute isolation, and sports health care, sports medicine and other related disciplines are also intertwined and infiltrated. With the successful bid for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the development of traditional sports in middle schools, the development of high-level sports teams in colleges and universities, and the cultivation of competitive sports talents in schools, sports health care has naturally been given a new research topic.

We must adhere to the ideas, viewpoints and methods of dialectical materialism when studying Sports Health Care. Correctly establish the dialectical relationship between human body structure and function. Structure and function depend on each other and restrict each other. Structure determines function, and the application of function will also have an impact on structure. For example, the shoulder (glenohumeral joint) of human body is anatomically a suspended ball-and-socket joint that can move around three axes. Joint capsule relaxation; The peripheral ligament is weak; The articular surface is quite different.

Therefore, it is a flexible joint in function, which can rotate the shoulder in a large range, but at the same time it has the weakness of weak joint in anatomical structure. Therefore, in the training of throwing, gymnastics, volleyball, tennis, badminton, swimming and other sports. The incidence of shoulder injuries is relatively high. According to the viewpoint that the structure and function of shoulder (glenohumeral joint) are unity of opposites, it is necessary to arrange the local load of shoulder scientifically and reasonably, overcome the "single-handedly" training method, and consciously strengthen the muscle strength exercise of shoulder and rotator cuff to enhance the stability of shoulder (glenohumeral joint) and make it flexible and firm. Correctly establish the dialectical relationship between the part and the whole.

The human body is a unified and inseparable organic whole composed of various organs and systems, and all parts are interrelated and influenced each other. Sports is a physical activity coordinated by all organs and systems of the human body. This view has been deeply reflected in the research of sports injury, medical supervision and physical function evaluation.

Correctly establish the dialectical relationship between the body and the external environment. The physiological explanation of the concept of "health" should be the high balance and unity of the internal and external environment of the human body. Philosophy tells us that the balance and unity of all things in the world are relative and the imbalance is absolute.

In the research of sports health care, we should follow this objective law, actively use various scientific methods and means, constantly use the environment to improve the sports environment, and at the same time mobilize the body to actively adapt to the changes of the external environment and the influence of sports load on the human body, so as to engage in scientific and reasonable sports, so as to achieve the purpose of promoting physical growth and development, enhancing physical fitness, improving health and improving sports level. Correctly establish congenital and acquired's dialectical relationship.

Pavlov, a famous Russian physiologist, once said, "Man is an alloy of nature and nurture." In the process of cultivating excellent competitive sports talents, the innate genetic advantage of individual sports ability is undoubtedly the first condition for its success, which has been fully reflected in the research and practice of scientific selection of athletes, but the scientific and systematic training the day after tomorrow is also a necessary condition for athletes to succeed. If a person with excellent innate athletic ability has not received systematic training,

2. physical education class who reflects after class.

This semester, I was appointed as physical education class of Grade 7 and Grade 8, and my innocent and lively classmates were full of love for physical education class. Every time they entered the classroom, the students cheered, and it was conceivable how much they were looking forward to going to physical education class, but it didn't take long.

I have been attending classes for several weeks recently, and I have a new understanding of some seventh-grade students in physical education class. Physical education class was originally a science that came from games and developed from games, and should have been loved by students. It's a pity that many students now find that the gap between physical education class in junior high school and physical education class, who had a good time in his primary school, is too big. Due to the general lack of funds in rural schools, there is a shortage of sports equipment. Just using the existing equipment and self-made equipment for teaching, according to the curriculum standards, the technical teaching of some gymnastics events in the actual teaching materials and various running and learning in the track and field often give people a boring feeling. Of course, physical education class is also an important aspect of student education, and there should be some more formal teaching contents. However, if teachers' teaching methods are too rigid, blunt and monotonous at this time, the gap will increase in vain, so some students will gradually alienate physical education class and be in a passive state in class, which is more obvious in senior grades. So how to change this objective teaching phenomenon? How does physical education class cultivate students' interests, hobbies, consciousness and ability?

I have some new feelings about students' physical education through a class, which is a gymnastics class. After class, I learned new content. After I explained the requirements of the demonstration action, when the students practiced repeatedly, I found that a male student did not practice seriously while patrolling. I came to him and asked, "Why don't you do it seriously? Didn't you learn? " He replied "No" and I asked him "Why don't you do it seriously?" He replied. After class, I called him to the stands of the stadium and sat side by side with me. I talked with him like friends. He spoke about why he was "depressed" when he went to physical education class, and then I suddenly realized that what he said was reasonable. After teaching physical education for seven or eight years, why don't you know much about students' psychological reaction? Yes! If our teacher wants to have a good class, he should sit down and think it over. First of all, we should strengthen the communication between teachers and students with students as the main body, let students innovate independently and discuss and communicate with teachers naturally, so as to achieve the goal of common development. At the same time, it also gives every student an opportunity to show their advantages, stimulates students' interest in learning and enhances their sense of collective honor.

In physical education class teaching, teachers create a relaxed learning environment for students, constantly stimulate and cultivate students' subjectivity, stimulate students' learning potential, and emphasize the embodiment of students' dominant position in learning, which can make students play their subjective initiative, change students' passive learning into active learning, integrate teachers' teaching with students' learning, and improve students' physical learning ability, thus achieving twice the result with half the effort.

3. What are the good reflections on physical education class's teaching?

Good teaching reflection should be: truly analyze the various processes and links of physical education teaching; Effectively put forward existing problems and provide solutions; Avoid false statements.

Example: Time flies, I have been teaching in a primary school 15 years. I think it is really not easy to be a primary school teacher, especially a primary school physical education teacher. We have to face too many complicated things, but I have also learned a lot of professional knowledge and mastered some work experience in the course of my work. I will take this opportunity to share my teaching experience with you. First, integrate curriculum resources to make knowledge come alive.

Teachers should use teaching materials, living resources and classroom resources flexibly. Classroom interaction often produces various resources.

Pay special attention to and capture some valuable resources for teaching. For example, when students are practicing, some movements are well done, some links are well done, some problems have special thinking value, and some mistakes are universal, so they can be seized and used in time.

Second, game competition can cultivate students' healthy mentality. Game competition occupies a considerable proportion in primary school physical education textbooks. Through game teaching, we can cultivate students' innovative spirit, competitive consciousness, unity and cooperation, love the collective and abide by the law. And these excellent qualities are the concentrated expression of a person's healthy mentality.

Games are deeply loved by students and provide a good opportunity for teachers to carry out mental health education. For example, in the game competition, some students with strong personalities have disputes with each other because they don't admit defeat, and even "use force"; There are also students in the losing group who complain about each other, which leads to the accused students' competitive psychology and withdrawal from the competition.

This not only affects the normal game teaching, but also hurts the harmony among students. At this time, I will seize this opportunity to patiently teach students, especially those who are inclined to swim, so that they can understand the significance of the game competition, correctly view the success or failure of the competition, and criticize the bad tendency that hinders unity.

At the same time, we should analyze the reasons for failure with students and find out the favorable factors for winning. Third, group activities can cultivate students' gregarious character. Primary school is a period of character formation. We should cultivate students' good personality through physical education, so that they are willing to communicate, have a wide range of interests, live in harmony with others and be proactive.

For example, in sports grouping activities, it is often found that individual students are unwilling to participate in group activities, how to guide group activities, and ask about the activities of each member of the group from time to time during the inspection, and praise the achievements of group members in time to increase the confidence of unsociable students and integrate into the group. In addition, you can also create a game competition in which two people cooperate, so that such students can mingle with their peers in a pleasant atmosphere.

This kind of accumulation, perseverance, can help students cultivate good character. Fourthly, the teaching method of "exercise prescription" can give full play to students' intelligence. In order to cultivate students' ability of self-organization and self-management, and teach purposefully, organized and planned to meet all students' interests and needs, sometimes I will design the teaching content scientifically and rigorously into a variety of exercise prescriptions, so that students can choose their favorite exercise prescriptions and then freely combine them into groups according to their choices. Each group chooses a group leader, and the group leader leads the students to complete the teaching content.

When completing the exercise prescription, each group chooses its own organization method and learning method according to its own situation. In this way, students' intelligence, imagination and creativity are fully exerted, students' initiative is fully mobilized, and classroom teaching is full of vitality.

5. Cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability is an important index to measure students' mental health. Because of an important indicator.

Because of the completion of an innovative activity, we must have abundant physical strength, full spirit and optimistic mood. Therefore, physical education teachers should cultivate students' active thinking, rich imagination and practical ability to use knowledge through various means in teaching.

For example, the arrangement of teaching materials should reflect fitness, interest and practicality, so as to promote students' physical, psychological and spiritual improvement, gain a successful and pleasant experience, make them love sports and enhance their self-esteem and self-confidence. In addition, through the innovation of teaching methods, students' potential can be developed, students' personality can be improved, students' ability of self-study and self-practice can be cultivated, an atmosphere of cooperative learning can be created for students, and opportunities for students to cultivate creativity and competitiveness can be provided.

4. How to scientifically reflect on the teaching plan of physical education and health theory class after fitness class?

There are always lies and misunderstandings in the plastic surgery plan you think is perfect. Have you ever encountered the following situation: No matter how much you know about body shaping, no matter how hard you try to lose weight, after three months of hard exercise, it still has no effect? Maybe you have fallen into the trap, and now you should reflect immediately.

No: 1, ignoring the assessment of your physical condition.

The more detailed you know about your physical condition, the more appropriate your fitness plan will be. Give a simple example: Do you know your body fat index and heart rate? If you don't know, ask the fitness instructor to do a test for you, and then adjust your fitness plan according to the test results.

NO:2, judging the fitness effect through numerical changes.

The decline in weight figures is really exciting, but it doesn't really explain the problem. Because losing weight can't reflect the relationship between muscle and fat in your body. Muscle takes up less volume than fat, so it is entirely possible that you look thinner, lose body fat, but gain weight. So, numbers can't tell everything.

No: 3. There is no clear fitness goal.

Setting an expected value plays an inestimable role in the implementation of the whole fitness plan. Because challenges and evaluability can help you stick to your plan, and the expected good results will always motivate you not to give up easily. Make a scientific training plan, such as losing 5 kilograms a month, or losing 2 centimeters around your waist, and keep it in mind at all times, you will be more motivated.

Fourth place. Attach importance to aerobic exercise and ignore strength training.

In the process of achieving weight loss goals, strength training is as important as aerobic exercise. Strength training helps to increase muscle groups, which consume much more calories than fat every day. Therefore, if the number of muscle groups in your body increases, even if you are just resting, the calories consumed will increase accordingly. However, if we can combine aerobic exercise with strength training, we will certainly get better results.

5. How do PE teachers reflect on their own teaching?

Choosing fair teaching content is the condition of preparing lessons. The choice of teaching content should be based on the characteristics of knowledge, the intention of compiling teaching materials, the time required to complete teaching tasks and the actual situation of students.

How to reasonably choose the teaching content of a class? The first is to choose according to the arrangement of teaching materials. Usually we divide the knowledge of an exercise into several small paragraphs, and each small paragraph is the teaching content of a class. Today's mathematics textbooks are all arranged in this way. When preparing lessons, teachers can determine the teaching content of a class just by looking at the newly taught content and corresponding exercises in the textbook.

The second is to choose according to the difficulty of knowledge. Generally speaking, students can choose more relatively simple knowledge content that is easy to accept and understand; For the knowledge that is difficult for students to understand and master, because more time is spent in teaching, the content selection should be less appropriately.

When choosing the teaching content of a class, we should treat it according to the specific situation. A class can successfully complete the teaching task, and the knowledge taught is conducive to students' understanding and mastery.

6.20 Basic knowledge of sports and health

Basic knowledge of physical education and health. Explanation of terms: 1. Physical education and health course: it is a compulsory course with physical exercise as the main means, physical education and health knowledge, skills and methods as the main learning content, and with the main purpose of improving the health of high school students. It is an important part of the school curriculum system and an essential way to implement quality education and cultivate talents with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty.

2. Health: refers to the good state of an individual in all aspects of physical, psychological and social adaptation, not just the absence of disease and weakness. A person can only be considered as a truly healthy person if he maintains a good state in physical, psychological and social adaptation.

Physical education is the main means to promote health. 3. Emerging sports: refers to sports that are popular in the world, but are newly developed in China or deeply loved by teenagers, and are suitable for schools.

4. Exercise: refers to the physiological load completed by the human body in physical exercise. 4. Constitution: refers to the morphological structure of the human body, including the growth and development level of the human body, the overall index and proportion of the body, and the body shape.

5. Physical fitness: refers to the functional ability of human organs in muscle activities, including physical fitness and basic physical activity ability. 6. Horizontal goal: refers to students' expected learning results at different stages in various learning fields.

7. Exercise load: including load and load intensity. The load is generally expressed by the number of times, time, distance and weight of practice; Load intensity is generally expressed by the speed, density and difficulty of practice, which influence and restrict each other.

8. Lifelong physical education refers to a person's lifelong physical exercise and physical education. 9. Motor skills: refers to the ability to effectively complete special movements in sports, including the ability to coordinate work between different muscle groups under the adjustment of the nervous system.

As a sports skill in the field of study, students are required to learn, master and apply basic sports knowledge and skills, form certain application expertise, and lay a good foundation for lifelong sports. 10. Physical education teaching is a unified activity of teaching and learning. It is an organized educational process in which students actively learn and master the basic knowledge, basic techniques and skills of physical health care, exercise, strengthen their physique, promote health, develop their sports ability and cultivate their ideological and moral qualities under the purposeful and planned guidance of teachers. It is one of the basic ways to achieve the school's physical education goals.

1 1. Physical quality: refers to the various functional abilities of the human body in sports activities. Including strength, speed, endurance, agility, flexibility and so on.

12. complete method: refers to the method of teaching a whole set of movements or a single movement without any part. It is often used in the teaching of relatively simple movements or movements with tight structure and difficult decomposition. 16, physical education and health classroom routine: it is a series of basic requirements for teachers and students in order to make classroom teaching have strict organization and normal order and ensure the normal teaching of physical education and health.

It generally includes three parts: before class and after class. 30. Classroom routines: rules and regulations that teachers and students must abide by in the classroom.

Include routine activities before, dure and after class. 14, social adaptation: refers to the process in which individuals adjust their behavior habits or attitudes in order to adapt to the social living environment.

As a learning field, this field requires students to cultivate a good spirit of cooperation and competition, form a harmonious interpersonal relationship, and learn how to acquire sports and health knowledge in modern society. 15, physical education: an educational activity aimed at developing physical fitness and exercising.

16. Action image: an action image reproduced in the mind on the basis of past action perception. 18. Physical health: refers to a state of good physical fitness, normal function and full of energy.

19. aerobic endurance: refers to the ability to do aerobic work for a long time. 20. Physical education teaching mode: refers to the relatively stable structure and procedures of physical education teaching activities established under the guidance of certain teaching ideas or theories.

2 1, the three elements of happiness: simplicity, unconditionally and from the heart. 22. Biological age: refers to the actual age of an individual in biological aspects such as anatomical structure and physiological function, and reflects the speed of each person's growth and development.

Call it sports training. 23. Sports index: the average number of pulses per minute in class divided by the number of pulses per minute in quiet time.

24. Induction exercise: a transitional exercise to correctly master sports skills in sports activities. 25. Sports training: All the preparatory processes for training athletes are sports training.

27. Movement track: refers to the movement route of the body and some parts of the body during physical exercise. 28. Constitution: refers to the quality of the human body, which is a relatively stable feature based on the combination of human morphological structure, physiological function and psychological factors.

29. Oxygen demand: In order to maintain certain physiological activities and provide enough energy, the body needs to oxidize some energy substances, which is the necessary oxygen. 3 1, physical education teaching method: refers to the methods of physical education teaching, training and exercise.