Get ready.
Generally speaking, the preparatory work includes site selection, planting green fodder, building a brooding room and buying goslings. These links should be handled well to lay a good foundation for increasing income.
First, choose the venue. The feeding place should be leeward, sunny, quiet, warm and cold-proof. At the same time, the water source is good (running water is needed), which is conducive to grazing and habitat, such as woodland or wasteland.
Second, prepare the nursery. The weather is still cold in early spring, especially to prevent colds in late spring. Therefore, the brooding room should have good thermal insulation performance, keep the air fresh, smooth and dry, and prevent thieves from invading. The ground should be paved with 3-5 cm thick padding, which should be kept clean, dry and free from mildew. The brooding room can be heated by various methods such as "fire dragon", "hot umbrella", "infrared light bulb" and "coal stove plus flue".
Before brooding, the brooding room can be fumigated with formalin and potassium permanganate. The wall can be brushed with 20% lime milk; The ground can be disinfected with 5% bleaching powder suspension. Wood and bamboo feeding utensils can be sprayed or washed with 2% sodium hydroxide solution, and then washed with clear water.
Third, planting green fodder In the early spring, there are few natural grasses, so it is necessary to artificially plant some green vegetables, Chinese cabbage, grasses and small stalks to provide the necessary green fodder for goslings. Petunia pedunculata, also known as goose dish, has strong adaptability, cold resistance and heat resistance, and is usually sown in February-March (the sowing amount per mu is 0.5 kg, and the yield per mu can reach 5000-7500 kg). With the characteristics of fast growth, strong regeneration, high yield, good nutrition and good palatability, Ilex petiolata is the best feed for raising geese.
Fourth, the choice of goslings should come from healthy, disease-free and high-yield breeding geese. Goslings should have moderate weight, stand steady, shout loudly, act lively, have big eyes and be sensitive; Egg yolk contracts well, the abdomen should be soft to the touch and the anus should be clean; The fluff should look fluffy and clean, and the hair should stand firm after drying and make a strong sound.
When you lift your neck with your hands, your feet will contract quickly. Weak chickens such as big bellies and crooked heads should be eliminated. (To be continued)
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Comment on the submission date of Swallow 2007-3-118: 46:19.
Feeding technique
The climate in early spring is cold and humid, and there are many pathogenic factors. The newly hatched goslings have weak adaptability and resistance to the external environment, so it is necessary to strengthen feeding management. Otherwise, it is easy to cause disease and even death.
1. Grouping pile prevention Each batch of goslings is divided into large, medium, small or strong, which needs reasonable grouping to achieve the goal of uniform growth and orderly development of the whole population.
It is necessary to master the appropriate feeding density to prevent geese from "getting together". During the day and night, check the goslings in groups and operate them by hand for 4-5 times to prevent them from freezing, medium heat and pressing down. It is especially necessary to control the density of geese when raising chicks at self-temperature. Generally, about 1 5 geese are raised in baskets or pens with a diameter of 35-40 cm, and then gradually reduced to about 10. When brooding, the number of goslings per square meter is 65438+25 at 0-5 days, 20-25 at 6- 10,1-15 days 12. Reasonable density is not only beneficial to the growth and development of goslings, but also can prevent goslings from being crushed to death during "stacking".
Second, heat preservation and moisturizing Because of the cold weather, it is necessary to heat the gosling. L-5 days old is 25℃-28℃, 6-l0 days old is 23℃-26℃,1-20 days old is 20℃-24℃, and after 2 1 day old is 17℃-20℃.
In the process of feeding, you should watch the geese keep warm. When the temperature is low, the goslings get close to the heat source, pile up, stand still, close their eyes, huddle up, and bark from time to time to warm up; On the contrary, when the temperature is too high, the goslings will stay away from the heat source, open their mouths and gasp, move uneasily, have wet feathers on their backs, drink water frequently and eat less, so the temperature should be lowered; When the temperature is suitable, the goslings are evenly distributed, quiet and silent, with smooth and bright feathers and strong appetite. When brooding, we should also pay attention to the fact that the temperature is higher at night and on cloudy days; Sunny days at noon and during the day should be lower; Small groups should be high and large groups should be low; Weak chicken should be high, strong chicken should be low. Besides temperature, we should also master humidity. Generally, the relative humidity should be kept at 65%-75% before 10, and at 60%-65% after10.
Third, drink before it's too late. The first time a gosling drinks water is called "tidal mouth", and a small amount of glucose or vitamins can be added to the water. Drinking water early can help the absorption of egg yolk and promote meconium excretion. The time of "tidal mouth" is generally about 24 hours after hatching. At this time, the goslings are dry and can walk freely, and there are toe-pecking and padding phenomena. You can use a basin to hold water, press the gosling's beak into the basin, let it drink water, cover it several times, and the gosling will drink water. The water should be clean. In order to prevent digestive tract diseases, 0.05% potassium permanganate solution can be used as drinking water. After the "tidal mouth", the water source of the goose house should be sufficient to ensure that the goslings can drink water at any time.
Fourth, eat goslings at the right time. After drinking water for the first time, if you have pecking behaviors such as stretching your neck and opening your mouth, you can start eating, otherwise the nutrition supply will be out of touch.
The feed we eat is mainly broken rice soaked in clear water and fresh grass leaves such as washed vegetables and lettuce leaves. The specific method is to shake the processed green material in your hand and sprinkle it on plastic sheets for the goslings to eat freely. For goslings who can't eat, put shredded vegetables in their mouths to lure them to eat. After several trainings, they will eat. Feed it 4-5 times in the first two days after eating, and the feeding frequency will increase to 5-7 times at the age of 4- 10. Concentrate accounts for 35% and vegetables account for 65% in the diet. Age 1 1-20 days, mainly green material. After 2 1 day, change to cereal feed and feed it 4-5 times a day.
After good grazing and self-feeding, you should get up every hour, so that you can adjust the temperature and emit steam. After 7 days of age, choose sunny and windless weather to drain water in shallow ponds in Gu Qing. The departure time should be short and the journey should be short. In the future, as long as the weather is good, we must insist on grazing every day, and at the same time, with the increase of grazing time, gradually reduce the number of feeding. The pasture should also be near and far. The grass is tender and close to the water source.
Epidemic prevention and control
When feeding goslings in early spring, the prevention and control of epidemic diseases should be done well.
First, strengthen health management goslings have weak disease resistance. The pen should be cleaned frequently, the straw mat should be changed frequently, and the trough should be brushed with alkaline water 1 once a week. Goose farms should always be kept clean and hygienic to prevent the reproduction and spread of insects, mice and flies. Personnel and vehicles entering and leaving the goose farm should be disinfected, and a disinfection pool should be set at the entrance.
Second, establish a disinfection system and establish a regular disinfection system for the environment related to goose production. Goose coops should be kept dry and sprayed with disinfectant 1 time every week. Every flock of geese should be thoroughly disinfected after being sold or slaughtered.
Third, do a good job in vaccination and drug prevention. In the stage of brooding and breeding, vaccination should be done in time to prevent diseases. Focus on the prevention and control of gosling influenza and gosling plague in the brooding stage. Adding 0.05% compound dichlorvos or 0.05%-0. 1% oxytetracycline to the feed during the brooding period can effectively prevent poultry failure and gastroenteritis.