On June 1 year 1 day, President Mao Zedong boarded the Tiananmen Gate and announced to the world the establishment of the people of China and the Central People's Government. Today, the China * * * production party has gone for 28 years. This day was created by history, and this day also created history. The sound of "Long live" and the flood of people in the square are the extension and amplification of this great event.
No one will forget the day when colorful flags fluttered in Tiananmen Square and the whole country celebrated. Behind this world-famous day, there are still many unknown stories hidden.
This plane is filled with more things with less things.
Founding ceremony started at 3 pm that day. The official military parade is at 4 pm, and the air force takes off after 4: 35 pm. In order to match the time when ground tank soldiers pass through Tiananmen Square, air force planes should arrive at Tiananmen Square at the same time. At that time, foreign news reported that only 17 planes flew by. The original plan was passed at one time, because the number of planes was too small, so the first nine planes flew again.
As we all know, flying with bullets is not allowed in military parade. However, under the special conditions at that time, in order to cope with unexpected events such as the arrival of Kuomintang planes, two planes flew over Tiananmen Square with more than 3,600 bullets during the military parade.
In 0949, 65438+1 October1year, this army is probably the most special one in the world. After 22 years of bloody fighting, they expressed their loyalty with the sacrifice of millions of soldiers. The guns in their hands were seized from the enemy, and the roaring tanks on the ground and the planes flying in the sky were seized from the enemy. There has never been such a strong army in human history. The unique experience of this army's growth shows the unique danger of China's revolution.
There are many kinds of musical instruments.
China's new founding ceremony band played a March of the Times that was heard all over the world. I didn't know this band was unique. At that time, it was impossible to change musical instruments. If you want to customize more than 200 musical instruments, it will take at least one year. So at that time, all the instruments used by the band were trophies, including American, German, Japanese, Italian and China, which was a musical instrument factory in Wuhan. Even the colors of ten drums and ten drums are different, some are white, some are blue and even pink. Finally, according to the custom of China people, the big and small drums are concentrated and repainted into a color, which looks harmonious and unified as a whole.
The music "Dongfanghong" played by such an indecent instrument is still magnificent, and the square is full of joy. That scene excited everyone.
The general's mission
On September 1950, the Swedish royal family received a distinguished guest from the East. This is the first new China ambassador to Sweden to submit credentials to Sweden. The names of those who submitted credentials frequently appeared in Mao Zedong's telegrams directing the War of Liberation. The special envoy from the East is Geng Biao, deputy commander and chief of staff of the China People's Liberation Army Corps 19.
Create a "general ambassador"
The first difficulty for Ambassador Geng Biao to go abroad is foreign languages. When Geng Biao joined the revolution in his early years, 200 words taught by Mao Zetan was his only foreign language foundation. How does an ambassador who can only speak 200 English words deal with high-class people in international public places?
After Geng Biao arrived in Sweden, he specially invited a Swedish teacher to teach him foreign languages, and at the same time, he also worked hard to learn foreign affairs. 1950 National Day, the Embassy of China in Sweden held a reception for the first time, and more than 500 distinguished guests came. The National Day reception hosted by China Embassy was unprecedented, and China diplomats showed their diplomatic skills to the public for the first time. At the reception, a Swedish officer asked Geng Biao, "I heard that the ambassador is a general. How many soldiers did you bring? " Geng Biao replied: "About 100,000." Hearing this, the questioning officer stood at attention and saluted. You know, Geng Biao commanded more troops than the entire Swedish army.
An all-powerful general on the battlefield has become a diplomat who should be cautious and polite. This is something the general himself could not have imagined in the past. Geng Biao is not the only person who changed his identity in 1950. Overnight, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai created a group of "general ambassadors". Besides Geng Biao, Ji Pengfei, Han, Peng and Wang Youping are all "ambassadors of generals".
Train the etiquette of going abroad
"Ambassador General" was initiated by the producer of China. Although the generals have experience in military and political struggles, they have never done diplomatic work. In the era of war, they ran around and crossed the world; In the era of peaceful development, they are ingenious and leisurely. At that time, in order to adapt the generals to their new role as ambassadors, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs specially held short-term training courses for them. The course content includes diplomatic etiquette, foreign affairs, international law, international knowledge, how to use a knife and fork when eating western food, how to eat food and so on.
At the same time, it also organizes training for the general's wife. For example, teach ambassadors' wives how to make up, how to apply lipstick, how to dress and so on. At that time, the "red female soldiers" had great strength to learn things that they had never thought of in their lives. On one occasion, ambassadors were organized to go to Beijing Hotel for dinner and western food. I checked everyone's clothes before eating western food, and now there are many loopholes. The wives of the generals were criticized by the teachers in the training class. Someone was wearing a cheongsam skirt fork, revealing the pants of the People's Liberation Army, and all those sweaty vests were exposed. And how to use a knife and fork when eating. The teacher in the training class bravely taught the generals to eat in the simplest language: "When using a fork, if you eat chicken or something, you must crush the fork, then cut it with a knife, and then buckle it in your mouth to eat, but never pick it up and chew it."
Among the 15 ambassadors stationed in People's Republic of China (PRC), 1 1 is a general. These generals and ambassadors who have been trained in crash courses are already on their way to foreign countries.
These ambassadors, who never knew a foreign language, never wore a suit, and didn't know much about diplomatic etiquette, gradually became diplomats who started the diplomatic career of a big country and laid a new era in China's diplomatic history. They are brave and fearless against the enemy; For friends, they are sincere and tolerant. New China is known, respected and trusted through them, and China's five-star red flag flutters in different latitudes and longitudes of the earth.
Transnational handshake
1949 12.6, on the 67th day after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Mao Zedong paid a brief visit to the Soviet Union, which was the first time that a new China head of state went abroad. Mao Zedong congratulated Stalin on his 70th birthday with "gifts" from China specialties such as onions and radishes. China's top leader visited the Soviet Union for the first time, which attracted wide attention from the international community.
Substantial progress has been made in the Sino-Soviet negotiations. Mao Zedong telegraphed Zhou Enlai to sign a new treaty. Zhou Enlai led a huge delegation to Moscow and began negotiations with Soviet representatives on the contents of the treaty. In the following 20 days, the delegation of China always adhered to the principle of supremacy of national sovereignty and equality of rights of both parties. After intense and effective negotiations, the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance was finally signed.
Kissinger's Mysterious "Missing"
1971On July 8th, a roast duck chef disappeared from Quanjude Roast Duck Restaurant in front of Beijing. On the same day, in Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, which is thousands of kilometers away from Qianmen Roast Duck Restaurant in Beijing, Dr. Kissinger, the national security assistant of the United States, also disappeared. The man of the hour has been missing for 48 hours in a row, and the whole world is speculating. President Yahya Khan, the host, only said that the doctor was ill.
On July 9th, 197 1, Kissinger, the missing chef of Beijing Quanjude Roast Duck Restaurant and the missing national security assistant, gathered at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing. The exquisite service of famous chefs made Kissinger truly feel China's sincerity in making friends with China and the United States from one side. According to the American side, Kissinger's trip to China was strictly confidential, even Secretary Rogers, who was highly appreciated by President Nixon at that time, and even George H.W. Bush, who was quite prestigious in the American government at that time, didn't know. China, under the condition of Chairman Mao personally led the roll call, was limited to a small scope.
An announcement that shocked the whole world
Kissinger arrived on July 9 12, and only stayed in Beijing for 48 hours. He had a 17 hour meeting with Zhou Enlai. At noon on July 1 1, Kissinger and his party flew back to Pakistan by the original plane. He said that he "came with hope and returned with friendship", and the result of his visit "exceeded the initial expectation and successfully completed the secret mission".
The news of Kissinger's visit to China on July 5th shocked the whole world. 1972 February 2 1 day, Richard Nixon, the 37th president of the United States, arrived in Beijing by special plane. Nixon asked to broadcast his activities live to the American public 654.38+200,000 kilometers away. When Nixon shook hands with Zhou Enlai, Zhou Enlai's first sentence was: "Your hand crossed the widest ocean in the world. We haven't been in touch for 25 years."
The heads of the two great powers shook hands for the purpose of constructive exchanges, thus opening an era.
● 1949 10 10/day, Mao Zedong, president announced the establishment of the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) to the world (left). The first generation of central leaders is at Tiananmen Gate (right).
● Teachers and students from Beijing No.4 Middle School had the honor to attend the founding ceremony.