Features: small size, small dosage, convenient administration, increased curative effect and saved a lot of auxiliary materials; Convenient to carry and transport, not only conforms to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, but also is suitable for mechanized production.
Classification: according to the auxiliary materials, it can be divided into concentrated honeyed pills, concentrated honeyed pills and concentrated water pills.
Preparation method of concentrated pills:
Concentrated pills can be made by plastic method and pan method, and their operation methods are the same as honey pills (machine-made pills) and water pills.
1. modeling method
According to the properties of prescription Chinese medicinal materials, some Chinese medicinal materials are decocted to extract effective components and concentrated into paste; Mixing with other fine powders, adding appropriate amount of refined honey, and making into pills with appropriate hardness. Making into pills by honeyed pill method, or using concentrated paste as adhesive; Adding fine powder of medicinal materials or appropriate excipient, mixing, making into pills with appropriate hardness, mechanically extruding into strips, making pills, drying wet granules, sieving, polishing and coating.
2. Pan-method
Concentrate the decoction or extract of some medicinal materials in the prescription into paste as adhesive, and make into pills with other medicinal materials as fine powder. Or mixing the soft extract with the fine powder of the medicinal materials into blocks, and drying. Grinding into fine powder, and making into pills with cold boiled water or ethanol with different concentrations as wetting agent.
Generally speaking, the prescription with less ointment and more powder should use the dish method; The paste can be made into granules by machinery according to its compatibility with powder; Plastering method should be adopted when there is more paste and less powder. In order to ensure the quality and curative effect of concentrated pills, we must pay attention to the following problems:
Treatment of medicinal materials: according to the prescription, we must analyze which medicinal materials are used as ointment and which medicinal materials are ground into powder, and we must treat them appropriately according to the nature and curative effect of medicinal materials, so as to reduce the volume and enhance the curative effect. Generally speaking, some medicinal materials in the prescription are soft and brittle, contain a lot of powder, are expensive and refined, and have a small amount or strong effect. They should be crushed into fine powder, preserved as mold and used as an absorbent of the extract. Medicinal materials with large volume, hard quality and much fiber should be used as ointment.
In the process of extracting and concentrating into paste, it is best not to lose effective components. Therefore, different methods should be used for extraction according to the texture of medicinal materials and the properties of effective components of medicinal materials needed in clinic. For medicinal materials containing volatile components, volatile oil or aromatic water should be extracted first. Medicinal materials containing effective components that are easy to decompose when heated should not be decocted with direct fire, and percolation is more suitable. General medicinal materials can be decocted and concentrated into paste. Solvents should also be selected according to the nature of medicinal materials, such as water, ethanol or mixed solvent of water and alcohol.
The concentration temperature should be low, when it is too high, the effective components are easy to be destroyed and burnt, and it is better to concentrate under reduced pressure or by film. The consistency of the paste depends on the amount of powder, and it is generally better to use it up: it is too thin and bulky to use; It is too thick and labor intensive, and it is difficult to operate when mixing. Preparation of extract powder: when preparing concentrated pills by pot method, extract powder should be prepared first. The quality of this powder directly affects the curative effect of the finished product, and the key to powder making lies in the drying of the extract. At present, domestic pharmaceutical companies mostly use spray drying and low temperature and reduced pressure drying to dry the extract. The dried extract is light in color, crisp in texture, easy to crush and strong in medicinal flavor. If the black cross section of the extract dried at atmospheric pressure is glassy, it is extremely difficult to crush and has a burnt taste, and the finished product has poor curative effect.