Legend has it that a long time ago, there were no mountains or wells here, and the local people lived on a pond. Later, I don't know from Baishajing

Where did a black dragon fly? It landed in the pond and rolled around all day, stirring the pool water like mud, and people and animals often get sick after drinking it. One morning, an old farmer was working in the field and passed by the pond. He saw a red-crowned crane lying by the pond with his eyes closed. The old farmer thought that the white crane must have been poisoned by drinking water from the pond. Take it home at once, collect some herbs to make soup, and feed it into its mouth spoonfuls. Soon, the crane woke up and nodded to the farmer. Then he spread his wings and flew away. A few days later, a beautiful girl named Baisha came here and opened a small noodle restaurant. The black dragon with ulterior motives turned into a drunken man in black, trying to flirt with Baisha girl. Baisha girl smiled and greeted the black man to sit down and brought him a bowl of delicious noodles. The black man swallowed it happily. Baisha girl unhurriedly picked up the powder and threw it in front of the noodle bowl. Suddenly, the noodle became a chain with the belly of a black dress person. Knowing that he had been cheated, the black dragon roared loudly, shook his body and struggled to show his true colors. In an instant, he was stirred into darkness. At this time, I saw a dazzling white crane flying, and then a hill fell from the sky, holding down the struggling dragon body impartially. The crane flew down again and ordered the black dragon to continue spitting water. The villagers were very surprised to see this miracle. Cheering to find the crane and Baisha girl, but looking for a long time, neither crane nor Baisha girl could be found, but there was a well at the foot of the mountain, which kept pouring out clear water. Sweet and cold. This well was later called "white manhole"

The development of history

According to research, Baisha ancient well was built in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Beginning as a spring, it was divided into Er Quan in the late Ming Dynasty, and then increased to four springs. Backed by a tree on the hillside, there is a stone tablet engraved with the words "Baisha ancient well". There is a diversion ditch around the spring, a stone fence at the height and stone steps on both sides as a passage. Before the popularization of tap water, it was the main source of water for the surrounding citizens. The original pavilions and pavilions beside Baisha well have long been destroyed. After liberation, Baishajing has been renovated for many times. The platform is granite, surrounded by stone fences, and trees are planted on the slopes. The stone carvings of "Baisha Ancient Well" are horizontally embedded in the center of the north and south wells. Baisha park has been built next to Baisha ancient well. There is a hill called Huilong Mountain outside the south gate of Changsha, and there is a well called Baishajing at the foot of the hill. People for miles in Fiona Fang like to come here to get water and drink. Changsha's famous liquor is brewed from this well water. During the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, Jin Min-ben and You wrote "Bai Sha Jing Ji" and "Bai Sha Quan Ji", boasting that their springs were "sweet and fragrant, cool in summer and warm in winter", "flowing without surplus, but not lacking in food", and even compared with the world famous springs Jinan Baotu Spring, Guiyang Leaking Tuquan and Wuxi Huishan Spring. Many poor families fetch water here and sell the whole city for a living. Late Qing dynasty

After tourists took photos in Baishajing (14), most sand sellers lived by the well, and there were more and more teeth around Baishajing, forming Baisha Street. Baisha ancient well can be said to be the fountain of life in Changsha. Because of this, from the late Qing Dynasty, officials, gentry and bullies tried their best to monopolize Baisha well water. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, the magistrate of Hua Shan once erected a monument behind the well, "showing a small metaphor", and named Baisha well as an official well and the Democratic Progressive Party, and made a water use charter. In the early years of the Republic of China, another warlord set up a "notice" monument beside the well, engraved with the words "Take a picture of Baisha Well, with four distinct boundaries, each well sells water and draws water, and the official well is for the official army". In the old days, there was also a "water-drawing meeting" in the local area. Anyone who sells sand water must pay a few yuan to join the club and get a receipt before taking water. After liberation, Baishajing returned to the hands of the people, and the people really enjoyed Baishajing freely. 1950, the municipal people's government allocated special funds for the maintenance of the ancient well, set up stone fences and laid the ground, making Baisha ancient well the earliest scenic spot restored after the liberation of Changsha. Mao Zedong, the founding leader, said in his poem, "Only drink Changsha water and eat Wuchang fish". Sand water and Changsha water refer to the water in Baishajing. Baisha spring water has pure water quality, unique brown taste, mellow wine, excellent decoction and white sand well.

Whether in winter or summer, the spring eye does not overflow, and the spring well always keeps the same amount of water, which grows with the ladle and never dries up. Up to now, many residents still try their best to get water to drink. Liquor, a famous wine, was once brewed with this water. Many people in the past dynasties praised the use of spring water in the mountain range where Baishajing is located (called Xishan in ancient times) to make wine. Xie Huilian, a litterateur in Jin Dynasty, was endowed with "alcoholic yeast for drinking Hunan beauty", and Du Fu, a poet in Tang Dynasty, also had a beautiful sentence of "Drunk in Changsha at night, enjoy spring scenery in Hunan". Huang Benji of Qing Dynasty said in Wu Fangzhi of Hunan: "Changsha's wine has existed since ancient times." At first, Baishajing just looked at spring. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the water content was two, then two eyes were added, and now it is four eyes. The original pavilion and balcony beside Baishajing were repaired many times and destroyed by soldiers. After liberation, Baishajing has been renovated many times. The platform is granite, surrounded by stone fences, and trees are planted on the slopes. The stone tablet of "Baisha Ancient Well" is horizontally embedded in the center of the north and south wells.

Baishajing is located in the lower part of the west side of Huilong Mountain in southern Changsha, about one kilometer southeast of Tianxin Pavilion. It has been one of the famous springs in the south of the Yangtze River since ancient times. The spring water gurgles out from the bottom of the well, which is clear and transparent, sweet and delicious, and the seasons are constant. When Baisha ancient well was first dug, there is no way to verify it. The local chronicles of Changsha before the Ming Dynasty have all been lost. The only surviving Changsha Chronicle published in the 12th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1639) contains: "Baishajing, the second mile southeast of the county (referring to Hua Shan County), has only one small well, which is sweet and fragrant, and is the first spring in Changsha". It can be seen that Baishajing is already famous at this time. The folk song says: "Wuxi Xishan Wuxi, Pinghu is a horizontal lake, Changde Deshan is a virtue, and Changsha has sand, water and no sand."

Historical Introduction During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Jin Min Ben and You wrote The Story of Baishajing and The Story of Baishaquan, claiming that their springs were "fragrant and sweet, cool in summer and warm in winter" and "flowing without surplus, without lack of food", and even compared them with the world-famous springs Jinan Baotu Spring, Guiyang Leaking Tuquan and Wuxi Huishan Spring. Many poor families fetch water here and sell the whole city for a living. After the end of the Qing Dynasty, people who sold sand and water mostly made a living by drilling wells, and the population in Baishajing became increasingly prosperous, thus forming Baisha Street. Baisha ancient well can be said to be the fountain of life in Changsha. Because of this, from the late Qing Dynasty, officials, gentry and bullies tried their best to monopolize Baisha well water. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, the magistrate of Hua Shan once erected a monument behind the well, "showing a small metaphor", and named Baisha well as an official well and the Democratic Progressive Party, and made a water use charter. In the early years of the Republic of China, another warlord set up a "notice" monument beside the well, engraved with the words "Take a picture of Baisha Well, with four distinct boundaries, each well sells water and draws water, and the official well is for the official army". In the old days, there was also a "water-drawing meeting" in the local area. Anyone who sells sand water must pay a few yuan to join the club and get a receipt before taking water. After liberation, Baishajing returned to the hands of the people, and the people really enjoyed Baishajing freely. 1950, the municipal people's government allocated special funds for the maintenance of the ancient well, set up stone fences and laid the ground, making Baisha ancient well the earliest scenic spot restored after the liberation of Changsha.