Forklift trucks are widely used, with great climate difference, harsh working environment, large dust, frequent changes in working conditions and heavy load. Therefore, the forklift engine should have good power and fuel economy, long service life, good cold start performance and easy maintenance. At the same time, it also requires compact structure, small volume and compliance with standards. Generally speaking, a good forklift engine should have the following basic characteristics:

(1) can adapt to continuous and durable work and bear heavy load, and the rated power is hourly power. Forklift gasoline engine should be equipped with speed limiter.

(2) The forklift engine is often subjected to large impact and strong vibration when working, so the body and accessories should have sufficient rigidity and strength, and three-point support is often used for installation and fixation.

(3) In order to ensure that it can work under the rapidly changing load state, it is generally appropriate to adopt a full-program governor, whose instantaneous speed regulation should be less than 12% and steady-state speed regulation should be less than 8%.

(4) In order to adapt to the working environment of the port, the engine is required to have greater torque adaptability. The torque reserve coefficient shall generally be greater than 12% (except for hydraulic torque converter).

(5) In order to meet the needs of hydraulic pump and auxiliary equipment, the engine should be equipped with auxiliary power output. For small and medium-sized forklifts, the hydraulic pump should be directly installed on the engine, and its auxiliary output power should be 50%- 100% of the total power.

(6) Forklift trucks often work on the inclined ground, which requires the engine to work normally in the state of front and back or left and right inclination. Generally, it is required that the engine can work under the conditions of trim 20o and list 15o.

(7) Forklift trucks often work in an environment with more dust in the air. An efficient air filter is required, and dust-proof seals are provided at the oil filler, exhaust port and pipe joint.

(8) There are special requirements for fuel oil, lubricating oil, grease, coolant and battery to adapt to working in the multi-climate environment of -40oC-+45oC. , and its related systems should be revised. To solve the problem of cold start in cold areas, there should be anti-overheating devices in possible areas.

(9) In order to meet the needs of working in plateau areas, a supercharger should be installed to compensate for the reduction of plateau power, and it is required to work at an altitude of 1000-2000 m or even 3000m without reducing power.

(10) Forklift trucks operating in tunnels, cabs and other environments shall be equipped with exhaust purification devices; The forklift electrical equipment for heavy wading operation shall be sealed and protected; Working in a gas environment requires special explosion-proof facilities.

(1 1) shall have high reliability and long service life. The target value of the newly developed forklift engine should be: the first failure period of diesel engine is more than 800h, the first overhaul period is 6000-10000 h; The target value of gasoline engine refers to the requirements of automobile engine.

(12) The environmental protection indicators of forklift engine, such as exhaust emission, smoke and noise, should meet the requirements of national standards or industry standards, and be in line with international standards as soon as possible.

(13) The volumetric power ratio, fuel and engine oil consumption rate, rotational speed reserve coefficient, minimum working stable thinking speed and mechanical vibration technical performance index of the engine shall meet the supporting requirements of the forklift.