How to Strengthen Community Youth Education I. Analysis on the Countermeasures of Community Youth Education
(1) Strengthen the overall planning function of the government for community youth education. The key is to establish a scientific and effective management system and operation mechanism. According to the reality of our country and the experience of various experimental areas, we should establish a community youth education management system and operation mechanism with government overall planning, education sponsorship, community participation and resource sharing. Governments at all levels should bring community youth education into the scope of government target management. Relevant documents were issued as the policy basis for the pilot work of community youth education in various places. The province and relevant cities and districts should set up a leading group or community education committee headed by the principal responsible comrades of the government, with leaders from education, publicity, finance, the Communist Youth League Committee, women's federations, trade unions, the Justice Bureau, the Health Bureau, the Sports Commission, the Civilization Commission, the Cultural Bureau, the Public Security Bureau and other departments participating, and be responsible for making overall arrangements for the pilot work of community youth education in the region. The leading group or committee has an office to take charge of specific affairs. All localities should scientifically formulate the pilot work plan according to the unified deployment of the whole province. Community youth education will be included in the content of education supervision and evaluation, regular inspection and evaluation, and rewards and punishments will be clear.
(2) Increase investment in community youth education. The government should have sufficient and stable investment in community youth education. The government should allocate special funds for community youth education to ensure earmarking. Education and other relevant departments should also increase the special funds for community youth education accordingly. The amount of special funds for community youth education should increase with the development of community youth education.
(3) Establish a community youth education network. The community should improve the all-round community youth education network with street as the core, district, street and residence simultaneously, and the trinity of society, school and family. Set up a community youth education committee led by the sub-district office and attended by the heads of schools, institutions, troops, enterprises and institutions in the community to play a functional role and ensure smooth operation; It is necessary to establish a contact line for youth education: one is: school? Teacher? Parents? Students; One is: street office? Community Education Committee? Lawyer? Students realize vertical connection, horizontal penetration and mutual penetration, and form a new network of community youth education with full participation and all-round education.
(4) The community should promote the organic combination of school education and family education. The educational resources of the school should extend to the community, provide teachers for community schools and serve the needs of young people to grow up. It is necessary to actively guide social educational resources to tilt towards the community, so that the education of schools, families and society can be organically combined in the community, forming a good situation in which educational resources are enjoyed in the community, educational contents are combined in the community, educational situations are communicated in the community, and educational work is connected in the community.
(5) Take activities as the carrier to improve the effectiveness of youth education and deepen the content of activities. Activities are the life of community youth education. Carrying out various distinctive activities can not only cultivate teenagers' ideological sentiment, but also improve teenagers' practical ability, increase their knowledge and talents. To sum up, the community can carry out popular science propaganda activities, social practice activities, theme education activities, legal education activities, parents' school activities, educational activities and so on. While organizing activities, we should pay attention to further deepening the content of activities, highlighting ideological connotation, strengthening moral requirements, and allowing young people to receive vivid and concrete moral education in participation. These colorful community activities can not only enrich teenagers' spare time, but also divert their attention, strengthen their management and help them to carry out correct ideological education.
(6) Strengthen the construction of various youth activity positions and educational bases in the community. The construction of youth community education should make full use of local natural conditions, regional advantages and social environment, and establish various types of activity bases, educational bases, cultural bases and practice bases. For example, many community education service facilities have been established in streets, new villages and buildings, such as parks for the elderly and young, youth education activity rooms, off-campus moral education bases, juvenile law schools, juvenile military schools, parents' schools and youth assistance and education associations, so as to enrich the content of youth education activities and broaden the field of youth community education. Community youth service centers, schools, youth palaces, libraries, cultural palaces, stadiums, museums, patriotic education bases, etc. , should be open to young people, forming a community youth education situation with * * * resources * * facilities. It is necessary to make full use of the existing youth activity positions and do a good job in the development and utilization of community youth education resources.
(seven) to strengthen the management of community youth affairs and promote the healthy growth of young people. Establish community youth management files. Community youth workers should carry out regular surveys, grasp the situation of community youth, establish detailed files, and update them regularly according to their behavior changes, so as to make the base clear, the family situation clear, the psychological characteristics clear and the current situation clear. Improve the community youth evaluation system. Through community youth activity records, community youth volunteer service cards and other ways, we will constantly improve the incentive mechanism for youth to participate in community activities and mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of community youth to participate in social services; Through the contact cards of communities, schools and units, we will establish a communication and feedback mechanism between communities and schools and units in the region, grasp the comprehensive performance of teenagers in time, and unify community evaluation with school and unit evaluation.
(8) Improve the content of community service to meet the basic needs of teenagers' growth. ① Strengthen community youth education and training. The quality education of schools should extend to the community, and carry out training activities on foreign languages, computer network knowledge, popular science knowledge and practical skills for community teenagers. According to the employment needs of young people, the community should cooperate with labor, education, industry and commerce departments to carry out vocational training, employment introduction, information consultation and other services; For teenagers who drop out of school, drop out of school and have difficulties in learning, streets and communities should actively integrate social resources to set up scholarships, and at the same time carry out volunteer counseling, lectures on learning methods and other activities to help them complete their studies. ② Developing adolescent mental health services. According to the physiological and psychological characteristics of teenagers, experts are regularly hired to give lectures on mental health in the community, so as to strengthen psychological education of teenagers and promote the formation of healthy personality of teenagers; The community should create conditions to set up psychological counseling rooms and hotlines to provide targeted psychological counseling and psychological correction services for adolescents with psychological barriers. ③ Safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of teenagers. Establish youth rights protection network and community rights protection hotline, implement the regular meeting system of youth rights protection work, form a joint force of rights protection, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of young people in a timely and effective manner; Continue to develop in depth and create Excellence? Youth rights protection post? Activities to mobilize grassroots units related to youth affairs to do practical things and do good deeds for community teenagers; Relying on the resource advantages of youth rights protection units in the district, through organizing community self-care training courses, training camps, self-care schools and other forms, help community teenagers master the necessary self-care knowledge and skills such as self-care, emergency avoidance, legal aid and so on.
(9) Strengthen the construction of volunteer counselors in community youth education. Community youth education involves a wide range, the object level is complex and the work is difficult, so the whole society must be mobilized to do it. We should organize and mobilize veteran cadres, experts, teachers, party member, professionals, community workers, hero models, technical experts and outstanding people in the community? Youth rights protection post? Create unit staff, actively participate in community youth education, and form a team of volunteer counselors with stable sources, good quality and reasonable structure. Volunteer counselors in community youth education should have the following qualities: first, they should have a strong sense of social responsibility and strong social activity ability, and should have a strong ability to integrate theory with practice and be familiar with the methods and characteristics of youth education; Second, we should understand the current situation of education in China and the overall requirements of quality education, and we can conscientiously sum up the experience of community youth education. Community youth education, especially ideological and moral education, should be based on a correct understanding and guidance of scientific theories, a thorough analysis of various major social phenomena, and a profound understanding of the inevitability of historical development laws.
(10) Establish an evaluation system for teenagers' growth environment. According to the characteristics of teenagers' community life and the reality of the community where they live, the environmental factors in the community are classified, the environmental factors affecting the healthy growth of teenagers in the community are clearly defined, and the corresponding index evaluation system is established; According to the evaluation system of the environment index for the growth of teenagers' community, the community environment is evaluated regularly, which reflects the community environment in time and provides the necessary basis for the growth of teenagers to optimize the community environment. Establish an early warning mechanism for teenagers' growth environment. All relevant departments cooperate with each other to regularly investigate the growth environment of young people in the community, timely grasp the cultural market and * * * places that have great influence on young people in the community, and analyze and find out the problems existing in the growth environment of young people; Absorb residents who care about the growth of young people in the community as supervisors of the growth environment of young people in the community, find and report environmental problems that are easy to induce juvenile delinquency in time, seize the signs, and promptly warn and control them.
Second, the lack of community youth education
(1) The overall planning of the government needs to be strengthened. The difficulty of developing community youth education lies in the rational integration and allocation of various educational resources in the community through the overall planning of the government, realizing resource sharing, forming educational synergy and improving educational efficiency. However, judging from the situation of the national experimental areas, there are problems of poor government coordination to varying degrees. Community youth education is mainly the responsibility of the education department. Although the government is involved, it is not active and effective in solving the problem. There are two main reasons for this situation: first, the relevant government personnel have insufficient understanding of community youth education, the role of community youth education in comprehensively improving the moral quality of young people and promoting the coordinated development of education and economy and society, and the lack of urgency and initiative to do a good job in community youth education. Second, the lack of national policy support, local governments can do nothing. From the central government to the local government, there is a lack of authoritative policy guidance in developing community youth education. Local governments can't find sufficient policy basis. In some places, industry? Articles? What about the department? Shielding The lack of communication and coordination between them has also brought great difficulties to local governments in making overall arrangements for community youth education resources.
(2) Lack of necessary financial support. The development of community youth education involves all aspects of society, including hardware construction and the deployment and integration of various community resources, and it is bound to have certain funds. However, from the actual situation, local governments rarely allocate special funds for community youth education, and the funds for community youth education mainly come from the temporary expenditure of the education department and the government. This situation has seriously hindered the smooth development of community youth education.
(3) Community youth education lacks systematicness and randomness, and lacks medium-and long-term planning. In the community youth education, there is a general idea of whether to do it or not. In many places, I basically pushed and organized two activities. Or just thought about the youth education during the winter and summer vacations, but didn't fundamentally realize the importance of the youth education. Casual work, lack of work planning.
Third, the importance of community youth education.
(1) The need of social impact of integration on teenagers. The society is in a transitional period, and the rapidly changing social environment makes teenagers face too many sources of social influence. It is necessary to integrate and guide these influence sources through community education for teenagers, so as to make them develop in a direction conducive to the growth of teenagers.
(2) The needs of teenagers' moral development. Community youth education is helpful to stimulate teenagers' interest in moral learning and improve their moral practice ability in a relaxed and free environment. With the growth of age, the influence and role of society on teenagers will become more and more important. Community education is responsible for providing young people with learning and growth models.
(3) Improve the demand for learning. In the past, the understanding of learning was one-sided, ignoring social learning including social cognitive learning, social experience learning, social emotional learning and so on. Psychologists have long said that a person without social interest is vulgar. However, people's social consciousness, knowledge and emotion all need to be cultivated, and they are not naturally formed.
(4) the need to make up for the lack of school education. At present, there are many problems in school education, such as: book knowledge is out of touch with life, interdisciplinary knowledge is not connected, and students lack the opportunity to integrate and use it. Community education is needed to supplement and supplement.