Genus: Araliaceae? aralis
Distributed in Beijing, Hebei, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Henan, Guangdong and other places, born in forest margins, silk irrigation and glades.
The tender thorn bud contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, vitamin B2, vitamin B 1, nicotinic acid, vitamin C, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, barium, lead, copper, phosphorus, cobalt, chromium, nickel, boron, strontium and peptide.
In spring, buds and leaves are picked, used fresh, pickled and canned. Blanch the buds with boiling water, soak them in clear water for 2 hours, stir fry, cold mix, dip in sauce, wrap in batter and fry.
Morphological characteristics:
Small trees, 1.5~3.5m high. Branches are densely spiny, with 2~3 odd pinnate compound leaves, which are large and often clustered at the ends of branches; Petiole, leaf axis and lobular axis all have thorns; Leaf blade ovate or elliptic-ovate, base rounded, broadly cuneate or centripetal, apex acuminate, sparsely serrate. Umbellies gather into terminal corymbose panicles; Calyx cup-shaped, calyx teeth 5; Petals 5, light yellow; Stamens 5; Ovary inferior, 5-loculed, style 5, free or basally connate. Berry drupe, black ripe, spherical pentagonal, 0.4cm in diameter. The flowering period is June-August, and the fruiting period is 9-65438+1October.
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The tender buds of this plant are edible and have certain edible value and high medicinal value. Stems, barks, buds and seeds are widely used. Medicinal stems and bark have the effects of invigorating qi, calming nerves, strengthening tendons and tonifying kidney, expelling wind and promoting blood circulation. Aralia elata seeds can extract oil, with an oil content of 35%, which is used for industrial soap making.
nutritive value
Due to the rich nutrition of thorn buds and the small amount of natural wild, the international market price is more than 10 thousand yuan per ton. In the domestic market, every New Year Festival, the price per kilogram can reach 70_80 yuan. It is rich in 16 amino acids and 22 trace elements, among which the contents of calcium, manganese, iron, titanium, nickel, copper and germanium necessary for human body are higher than those of ginseng. Therefore, it is known as "the best delicacy in the world" and has become one of the main wild vegetable varieties exported to Northeast China.
Medicinal value
The root bark can invigorate qi, promote blood circulation, dispel wind, induce diuresis and relieve pain, and treat asthenia due to qi deficiency, neurasthenia, impotence due to kidney deficiency, rheumatism, joint pain, gastric or duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, stomach spasm, hepatitis, diabetes, nephritis and edema [4].
According to the determination, both leaves and roots contain saponins, and roots contain triterpenoid saponins. Araloside A, B, C(AralosideA, B, C), aglycone is oleanolic acid. In addition, the roots also contain aldehydes, alkaloids and volatile oil. Taking 50mg of total saponins tablets two or three times a day has the best effect on fatigue-induced weakness-depression. It also has a significant effect on neurasthenia and post-infection weakness.
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