After Xia Hou ascended the position of the leader of Huaxia Tribal Alliance by force, in order to eliminate the opposing forces of various tribes, he launched a war with the Hu family who refused to accept his position as the highest leader, that is, the battle of Gansu. The fighting between Gansu and Gansu was very fierce. The final result was that Xia Houshi won the war and established the first dynasty of China-Xia Dynasty.
There are few records about the process of the battle between Gansu and Gansu in historical documents, except for a battle mobilization order "Shangshu Shi Gan" issued at the end of summer, the full text of which reads: "The battle against Gansu is called Liuqing. Wang said: Oh! People who have done six things will swear to tell you that some Hu Shi threatened with five elements, neglected the three rectifications, and died with Heaven. Now he will be punished for only respecting heaven. If you don't attack the left, you don't respect you; If rights don't attack rights, you just don't respect them; Resistance is wrong and disrespectful. Repay ancestors with life; Don't commit suicide, commit suicide in society.
The first paragraph introduces the background of the oath of Gan, which is an oath to summon left and right senior officials to declare discipline before the Battle of Gan. The following "Liu Qing" refers to "the person who does six things". In ancient Chinese characters of China, events and history are the same word, and the "my history", "eastern history" and "western history" referred to by the Shang king in Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty all participated in the battle, so it is very reasonable for Xia Hou to summon "people of six events" to convey the war covenant.
The second paragraph is the full text of the oath. First, Hu's crime of "threatening the five elements and neglecting the three rectifications" explains the reasons for the crusade and boosts morale. Secondly, declare military discipline, order subordinates to obey orders, be loyal to their duties, work hard, and show the regulations on rewards and punishments.
At the beginning of summer, the troops were losing ground one after another. Later, Xia Hou came to a painful conclusion and summarized the reasons: "Our land is not shallow, and I have many people, so I can't win the battle. It is because of my poor morality and poor teaching. " I attributed my failure to my ambition to increase the number of scholars, and then I made great efforts in the summer, "kissing for a long time, respecting the sages and enabling them", and finally won the battle of Gansu.
The background of the battle of Gansu
In the ancient history of China, the famous battle between Gansu and Gansu was nominally a battle of practicing teachings and doing justice for heaven, but in fact it was a battle of rights. There are different opinions about the historical records of the background of the Long War, but there is only one main line, that is, the destruction of the alliance system and the replacement of leaders in the summer and beyond.
The most powerful statement in the context of the Battle of Gansu: It is said that the successor of the leader of the Chinese tribal alliance in the Yao and Shun era should be discussed and recognized by the Council. Because the son of the current leader is often given priority, the leaders of the alliance often appear in the same clan or even the same family, and the final decisive factor of the candidates is their qualifications and talents. Later, with the accumulation of wealth and the intensification of social differentiation, the rule of kingship gradually appeared, and the leaders at the top of the pyramid and their wealth gradually became the objects sought after by everyone.
In the Yu era, a powerful force has been formed, which laid the foundation for the establishment of the Xia Dynasty. With the strengthening of kingship, the clan system was partly reformed and partly abandoned, but the leader inheritance system still exists, which benefits the tribal Council election. Although Yu's son Qi had priority at that time, his qualifications and talents were in line with the interests, so the parliament recognized Boyi as the legal heir.
However, after Yu's death, in order to seize the throne and wealth, Qi attacked Yi more and more. At that time, Xia Hou Qi had a solid foundation and strong strength. With the support of his supporters, he joined forces with his supporters to oppose Yi, eventually killing Yi, and Qi gained the position of leader.
After Xia Qiqi became a leader, his ambition was even greater, so he held an alliance meeting in Yuxian County, Henan Province to inform the tribes within the consortium and the nearby chiefs to win supporters and establish his dominant position. However, at that time, Qi destroyed all kinds of alliance systems, which caused dissatisfaction among many tribes, especially the powerful and coveted alliance leader Hu Shi, who openly opposed Qi's rule, thus leading to the famous Gansu War.
The significance of Gansu campaign
The Battle of Gan took place before the establishment of Xia Dynasty, and Qi, the descendant leader of Dayu, died. In order to eliminate all kinds of voices against him at that time, he came up with a way to conquer different forces by force. The Battle of Gan was a famous war waged by Kai to conquer Hu Shi who did not believe in his supreme leadership. After a fierce war, he defeated his opponent by his own strength, and the significance of the battle between Gansu and Gansu lies in the birth of the first dynasty in China's history, the Xia Dynasty.
In fact, the ancients and present people have different views on the significance of the battle of Gansu. Some people think that this war is an act of sacrificing their own interests for justice, but today people understand the significance of this war, which is an unjust war purely for political dominance. The battle between Gansu and Gansu is just a continuation of the rights struggle for the benefit of rulers in previous dynasties.
Nevertheless, there are still positive views on the significance of the Gansu campaign. From the perspective of historical evolution, some historians believe that the battle of Gansu launched by Xia Qi did not abandon the old road of fighting for kingship by force, but was a war in which Xia Qi fought for its own rights. After the war, Xia Qi broke the original old order and established hereditary kingship for the first time in history.
After the victory of the Battle of Gansu, Xia Qi not only completely consolidated his kingship, but also abolished the parliament that had been established for many years while the iron was hot. From a hereditary point of view, Xia Qi inherited his father's throne. After the Battle of Gan, a real dynasty was born in the history of China, and the historical process of China also entered the slave society.