Zhang Zhongjing (about 150 ~ 154—— about 2 15 ~ 2 19), a famous machine, was born in Nieyang County, Nanyang (now dengzhou city, Nanyang, Henan), a famous doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and was honored as a medical sage by later generations.
After Zhang Zhongjing's death, many buildings and facilities were built to commemorate him. The first is the medical holy land. Located on the bank of Wenliang River in the east of Nanyang City, Henan Province, it is a memorial site of Zhang Zhongjing's tomb and a national key cultural relics protection unit. The medical shrine is a group of buildings with the artistic style of Han Dynasty, which is spacious and magnificent. The main courtyard has a mountain gate, a middle hall and two halls; Some courtyards have medical holy wells, medical holy bridges and Su Wenting. Ten meters high inside the door is Zhang Zhongjing's tomb. The second is Zhang Zhongjing's hometown. Located in Zhangzhai Village, Rangdong Town, dengzhou city City, Henan Province, there is a memorial tower of Zhang Zhongjing and a medical sacred palace, which is a municipal cultural relic protection unit.
The last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when Zhang Zhongjing lived, was an extremely turbulent period in the history of China. Frequent wars, people forced to flee everywhere, plague epidemic, ten rooms and nine empty rooms. Three-thirds of Zhang Zhongjing's family of more than 200 people died of plague in two dead, and seven-tenths of them died of typhoid fever. Zhang Zhongjing has been practicing medicine for many years and traveled around the world, enriching the medical practice of typhoid fever. After decades of hard work, about 2 10, an immortal book Treatise on Febrile Diseases came out. This is another most influential brilliant medical classic of China after Huangdi Neijing.
Treatise on Febrile Diseases is a masterpiece of medical theory since Qin and Han Dynasties, which has been widely used in medical practice. It is one of the most influential classic medical works in China's medical history and the first masterpiece of China's clinical therapeutics.
Treatise on Febrile Diseases has established Zhang Zhongjing's important position in the history of traditional Chinese medicine, and with the passage of time, the scientific value of this monograph has become more and more obvious, and it has become an important medical book that every practitioner must read in the future.
Zhang Zhicong, a physician in the Qing Dynasty, said: "Those who don't know the four books can't be Confucianism, and those who don't know the whole book (treatise on febrile diseases) can't be doctors." Later, the book spread overseas and was highly praised by foreign medical circles, making it an important book worth studying. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than a thousand well-known scholars at home and abroad who have compiled, annotated and studied Treatise on Febrile Diseases since the Jin Dynasty. Nearby Japan also has nearly 200 scholars studying Treatise on Febrile Diseases. In addition, the medical development of Korea, Vietnam, Indonesia, Singapore, Mongolia and other countries has also been affected to varying degrees. At present, Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber are still one of the main basic courses offered by medical colleges in China.
In addition to Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Zhang Zhongjing's works include Treatise on Treatise on Febrile Diseases 1 volume, Prescriptions for Treating Diseases 1 volume, Prescriptions for Treating Women (2 volumes), Treatise on Five Zangs 1 volume, and Tongue Theory1volume. However, the outstanding contribution of Treatise on Febrile Diseases is enough to make Zhang Zhongjing a world medical great man admired at home and abroad.
Treat the disease with drugs. Zhang Zhongjing usually practices medicine and treats diseases, but also insists on learning from other doctors with an open mind. In ancient times, all practitioners had a bad tradition of only passing on medical skills to future generations, and many medical skills were lost over time. There is a doctor named Shen Huai in Nanyang who has no children. He is over seventy years old, and he is depressed all day. No one has caused illness.
Zhang Zhongjing was diagnosed with anxiety after going to Shen Huai's home to check his condition. He immediately prescribed a prescription, made a meatball with a catty of whole grain flour, coated it with cinnabar, and let Shen Huaiquan eat it. Shen Huai felt angry and funny after knowing it. He ordered his family to hang pills made of grain flour under the eaves, and everyone pointed at it and laughed at Zhang Zhongjing for treating the disease. When his fellow doctor came to see him, he smiled and said, "Look! This is a prescription given to me by Zhang Zhongjing. I have seen others for decades and have never heard of them. " He wants to laugh when he thinks of it, and all his troubles and troubles are left behind, and he will be fine before he knows it.
Later, Zhang Zhongjing went to visit him specially. Shen Huai suddenly realized that he was very ashamed and taught all his medical skills to young doctors such as Zhang Zhongjing.
Zhang Zhongjing and "sitting in the classroom" of traditional Chinese medicine. When Zhang Zhongjing was the magistrate of Changsha, the local plague was prevalent and many poor people came here for medical treatment. He put down his official airs, warmly received people who came to see a doctor, made careful diagnosis and treatment, and never refused. Just started to handle official business, treating people in the backyard or in their own homes; Later, because more and more people came to treat the disease, he was overwhelmed. He simply moved the clinic to the lobby of Changsha and sat in public, setting a precedent for famous doctors to sit in the lobby. His actions have been passed down as an eternal story.
Later, in order to commemorate Zhang Zhongjing, people called the doctor sitting in the pharmacy "sitting on the doctor". These doctors also named their own pharmacy "XX Tang Pharmacy", which is the origin of the Chinese medicine shop called "Tang".
The legend of Zhang Zhongjing and Jiaozi. When Zhang Zhongjing retired in Changsha, it was that winter. He saw that many homeless people were sallow and emaciated, and their clothes were not covered, because their ears were frozen, and their hearts were very uncomfortable. After returning home, Zhang Zhongjing was always thinking about those who had frozen ears while treating people.
After research, he developed a therapeutic prescription that can keep out the cold, which is called "Quhan Joule Decoction". He told his disciples to set up a mat shed in an open space in Dongguan, Nanyang, and put it on a cauldron to save medicine and cure diseases. The opening day is the solstice of winter, and the medicine is "Quhan Joule Decoction". In fact, this is to put mutton and some cold medicine in the pot, take it out and chop it when it is cooked, then put it in the pot with the same flour bag as the ear, and then cook the stuffed dough with the original soup. After the bread is made, it looks like an ear, and because its function is to prevent the ear from freezing, Zhang Zhongjing named it "Joule". Zhang Zhongjing asked his apprentice to give each poor person a bowl of soup and two "charming ears". After eating soup, people get hot all over and their ears get hot. Nobody frostbites their ears anymore. There is also a saying in jiaozi that "the original soup turns into the original food", which also comes from this.
In memory of Zhang Zhongjing, future generations will cook a jiaozi on the solstice in winter, saying that if you eat jiaozi on the solstice in winter, your ears will not freeze in winter. Since then, China people have lived in jiaozi, and jiaozi has become the most representative food for family reunion. But Zhang Zhongjing's name is rarely mentioned.
Zhang Zhongjing's noble medical ethics and outstanding contributions in medicine made him enjoy a high reputation in the medical history of China. In the future, students in TCM colleges will take Zhang Zhongjing as an example, and his great spirit will always inspire future generations to make unremitting efforts to seek knowledge and explore.
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? Written on may 9, 20 18 (March 24, ancient calendar)
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