(1) sleepwalking 1, overview
Sleepwalking, also known as "nocturnal disorder" and "sleepwalking disorder", is an abnormal behavior during sleep. It began in the 1/3 stage before non-rapid eye movement, and a series of complex behaviors appeared, some of which were almost impossible for normal people to do during the day, which surprised others. Traditionally, people think that sleepwalking is the realization of dreams. It was not until 1965 that scholars Gastaud, broughton and Jacobson confirmed that sleepwalking occurred in the non-rapid eye movement period, which had almost nothing to do with dreams. At the same time, it is found that forcibly waking people who are prone to sleepwalking will cause sleepwalking attacks (Ye Shibin, 2006).
According to literature reports, the incidence of sleepwalking accounts for 1%~ 15% in the general population, and children are more than teenagers or adults. It is common in children after the age of 4, and the first onset is often at the age of 4~8. The incidence rate of children and adolescents in Europe and America is 2%~40%, and the peak age is 1 1~ 12 years old, which decreases with age. The adult incidence rate is 2.5%, and the ratio of boys to girls is 7: 1. However, according to Kales et al. (1980), etc., 30% children with night terrors have sleepwalking at the same time. There is no difference between men and women who sleepwalk, but they often have a family history. About 80% sleepwalkers have a family history of sleepwalking or night terrors, and 10%~20% sleepwalkers have one or more first-degree relatives who are sleepwalkers. Identical twins are more consistent in sleepwalking than fraternal twins. The speaking rate of sleepwalkers is higher than that of ordinary people, accounting for 5%: 3%.
Some studies have pointed out that sleepwalking can be induced by lack of sleep, psychological stress, immature neurophysiology, bladder filling, noise, premenstrual, pregnancy, infection, fever and sleeping pills.
2. Clinical manifestations of sleepwalking
(1) Get up suddenly from sleep, sit or stand, and walk aimlessly indoors or outdoors. Muttered, dazed, disheveled, or dressed indoors, walking back and forth or rummaging around.
(2) When walking, you won't touch other objects, you can walk independently, you can avoid obstacles, and you won't fall and get hurt.
(3) The duration of the first half of the night (before 1/3 nights) rarely exceeds 15 minutes or half an hour, and some special cases are reported to exceed 1 hour.
(4) Sometimes when walking indoors, I still play with some electrical appliances, such as utensils in the kitchen or items in the bathroom. If you wake him up at this time, you may become confused and restless.
(5) You can go back to the bed where you used to sleep and continue to sleep.
(6) I have no memory of this behavior after waking up, and I know nothing about nighttime behavior.
(7) No response to other people's calls when sleepwalking.
(8) Sleepwalking is common in children, especially boys aged 6~ 12. What happens in adulthood is mostly a phenomenon left over from childhood.
(9) There is often a family history, which has certain heredity.
(10) Sleepwalking may be accompanied by mental symptoms.
(1 1) The actions made in sleepwalking are slow, and there are many repetitions in each episode.
(12) Seizures are related to psychological factors, fatigue or drinking.
Step 3 deal with recommendations
(1) correctly understand and distinguish sleepwalking from night terrors, night terrors, sleep epilepsy, deception, separation state, rapid eye movement disorder and other diseases similar to sleepwalking.
(2) Avoid frequent occurrence and inducing factors. Such as psychological stress, sleep deprivation, antipyretic drugs (sleeping pills) and so on.
(3) Clear the dangerous articles in the sleeping environment to avoid being hurt during the attack.
(4) When the child is sleepwalking, try to guide him back to bed and don't try to wake him up.
(5) Avoid causing children's anxiety and depression. When they wake up the next morning, don't tell him what happened last night and don't blame them.
(6) If the attack frequency is frequent, you should seek the help of a professional doctor.
(7) Adult sleepwalking occurs in people who have no history of sleepwalking before, and most of them are mental and psychological problems, so self-psychological adjustment or medical treatment should be carried out.
Extended reading
Weird sleepwalking woke up 40 meters off the ground.
On July 6, 2005, The Times of London reported that on the evening of June 25, a London schoolgirl aged 15 went to bed, only to find herself sleeping on a crane 40 meters above the ground.
A passer-by found the girl squatting on the 2 1 meter-long mechanical arm of the crane in the early morning130, and quickly called "999" to inform the fire brigade. The fire brigade rushed to the scene and rescued her.
The girl lives in a building in Devich, southeast London. When she leaves home, no one may find her. A security guard was on duty and found the girl climbing the crane. As for the girl who climbed up, no one knows.
At first, when the police received the report, they thought that the girl might want to jump off the crane and commit suicide. Later, a fireman climbed up to check and found that she was actually sleeping. The fireman carefully fastened her seat belt.
A worker involved in the rescue said that the fireman was very careful because he knew better than anyone that the girl fell asleep and suddenly woke up, and the consequences were unimaginable. So the fireman gently woke the girl and assured her that she was in a very safe condition at the moment.
During the two-and-a-half-hour rescue operation, firefighters found a mobile phone in the girl's pocket, so they asked the police to contact her parents and explain the situation to them. The girl's parents rushed to the scene and said that her daughter often sleepwalked. Dr Ibrahim of London Sleep Center was not surprised to hear the above news. He said, "I have treated some sleepwalkers. They either drive in their sleep, ride horses, and some even want to fly helicopters. I just rarely climb to such a high place to sleep. "
Extended reading
Broke into a neighbor's house in broad daylight in pajamas.
This case happened in Penghu, China on June 17, 2007. A woman sleepwalked during a nap in broad daylight and climbed into a neighbor's house on the second floor in her pajamas. When the master found out, he reprimanded loudly. After waking up, she asked, "Why am I here?" She came back from the window. She looked at the balcony and said, "I dare not." The shopkeeper angrily called the police. Later, the prosecution found out that she mixed a variety of "sleeping pills" to cause sleepwalking, so she did not sue.
Extended reading
Dream quarrel teenager 10 pats stepsister
According to the international news report on August 13, 2009, Eric Leephillipswhitehead, a boy of 14 years old in Georgia, USA, woke up from a nightmare of quarreling with his stepsister on the afternoon of the 7th. In a rage, she shot at least 10 at the head of her stepsister PatriciaAnnTroglen who was lying on the sofa taking a nap.
The police believe that the murderer shot her 22-year-old stepsister with a.22 caliber rifle while she was asleep. The murderer confessed that he dreamed of quarreling with his stepfather's sister on the 7 th and was very angry after waking up, which led him to take out a rifle from his stepfather's room. Sheriff Pierce said that they always get along well, and he thought she was his best friend. The suspect temporarily lives in his stepfather's house, but he has been moving around. He has been changing places for most of his life and has been causing trouble.
(2) Night terrors
abstract
Night terrors are also translated into "sleep fright", and people almost confuse it with dreams and nightmares. Sleepterror comes from Latin pavornocturnus and is translated directly into English, but people like to use sleepterror.
In the Middle Ages, the idea of night terrors was that the devil pressed on the sleeper's chest, causing suffocation and panic. During this period, many explanatory texts appeared. It was not until 1949 that ErnestJones was the first person to clearly distinguish between sleep terror and nightmare. He thinks that sleep terror is the real nightmare, because the nightmare horse means "devil" in Teutonic. 1965, Gastaud and broughton first proposed that night terrors have nothing to do with REM and dreams, because night terrors start from deep sleep, accompanied by rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath and rapid decline of skin resistance (Ye Shibin, 2006).
cardinal symptom
Usually, after falling asleep in the middle of the night 1~2 hours, I suddenly wake up from deep sleep and sit up during the non-rapid eye movement period, with screaming or shouting, crying, panic, eyes staring and irregular, aimless and involuntary movements of limbs, accompanied by a lot of sweating, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat and dilated pupils. I don't want to be called, no one is watching, sometimes I get out of bed and rush out of the door, but I rarely leave the room. After a few minutes, I stopped by myself, lay down and went back to sleep. I don't remember much about it the next morning.
There is no gender difference in the occurrence of night terrors, which may also occur during daytime naps. They mainly occur in children aged 4~ 12, the prevalence rate is about 3%, and about 50% of children have family history. When night terrors occur, no matter how much parents hug and appease them, they still ignore them and continue to fidget 10~ 15 minutes. Muscle tension is on the rise and they resist any physical contact. If he is forced to wake up, his consciousness may be confused, incoherent and unclear.
Night terrors may recur. According to the research report, children before puberty account for 1% ~ 6%, and the frequency of occurrence will decrease with age until puberty. 50% patients stopped having seizures when they were 8 years old, while 36% patients still had seizures when they were young (Dimario &; Emery,1987)./kloc-0 The prevalence rate of night terrors in adults aged 5-64 is 2.3%~2.6%, and the prevalence rate after 65 years old is only 1%.
According to the research of Parkes (1985), 90% of night terrors are not only related to heredity, but also related to autonomic nervous system disorder and anxiety attack. In addition, it can also be induced by environmental noise, partner going to bed or other stimuli. Irregular sleep, excessive fatigue, emotional tension and psychological trauma can all cause night terrors. Illness and fever are also one of the reasons.
The occurrence of night terrors is similar to nightmares and night panic attacks. The researchers found that night panic attacks usually occur in the second or third stage of sleep, and patients often have psychological problems, and similar situations will occur when they are awake during the day. Nightmares occur in the second, third or fourth stage of rapid eye movement, which is one of the main traumatic syndromes. The difference between night terrors and nightmares is shown in the table.
Deal with suggestions
(1) Parents should do their best to protect their children from night terrors, and first remove psychological stress and related incentives.
(2) Increase the total sleep time of patients.
(3) Psychotherapy, especially effective for older children, is ineffective for the elderly.
(4) If night terrors occur repeatedly, medical treatment must be carried out, but it must be carried out by a professional doctor.
(5) According to foreign research reports, hypnotherapy will also be helpful.