The stem is short. There are many leaves, arranged in a rosette shape, sword-shaped, 40-90 cm long and 4-7 cm wide, with tapering tips, full or pointed teeth, green ventral surface, pink-green back, brownish red edges and tips, and the leaves born at the top of the inflorescence become smaller and often red.

The inflorescence is drawn from the leaves, like a pine cone, 6-8 cm long, and increases when it bears fruit; Bracts are green at the base, reddish at the upper part and triangular-ovate; Sepals are broadly ovoid, fleshy and reddish at the top, about 65438 0 cm long; Petals are oval, pointed, about 2 cm long, purple in the upper part and white in the lower part.

Chrysanthemum fruit is fleshy, more than15cm long. The flowering period is from summer to winter.

Value and use:

nutritive value

Pineapple fruit has excellent quality and rich nutrition, and contains a lot of fructose, glucose, vitamins B, C, phosphorus, citric acid and protease. Every 100g of pineapple contains 87. 1g of water, 0.5g of protein, 0. 1g of fat, 0.12g of fiber, 0. 1mg of nicotinic acid, 0. 126mg of potassium and sodium. Thiamine 0.03mg, riboflavin 0.02mg, vitamin C8 ~ 30mg, ash 0.3g, other organic acids and bromelain.

Medicinal value

Pineapple is flat, sweet, slightly sour, slightly astringent and slightly cold. Has the effects of clearing away heat, relieving summer-heat, quenching thirst, promoting digestion, relieving diarrhea, nourishing spleen and stomach, strengthening body constitution, invigorating qi and blood, promoting digestion, eliminating dampness, beautifying and slimming. It is a seasonal fruit for both medicine and food in summer, but it is not advisable to eat too much at a time. (Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica)

Pineapple contains a substance called bromelain, which can decompose protein, help digestion, dissolve fibrin and blood clots blocked in tissues, improve local blood circulation, dilute blood lipids, eliminate inflammation and edema, and promote blood circulation. Especially after eating meat and greasy food, eating pineapple is more suitable to prevent fat deposition.

Bromelain can effectively decompose protein in food and increase gastrointestinal peristalsis. This enzyme can decompose protein in the stomach, supplement the deficiency of human digestive enzymes, and restore the normal digestive function of patients with dyspepsia. This substance can prevent gel aggregation and can be used to make milk sour or soften other fruits, but this property will be weakened when cooking.

In addition, the sugar and enzymes contained in pineapple have a certain diuretic effect, which is beneficial to nephritis and hypertension, and also has an auxiliary effect on bronchitis. Because of the function of cellulose, it also has a certain effect on the treatment of constipation. When you have indigestion, eating pineapple can stimulate appetite, relieve greasy, help digestion and relieve constipation. In addition, pineapple is rich in vitamin B 1, which can promote metabolism and eliminate fatigue.

Pineapple juice has a cooling effect and can effectively prevent bronchitis, but it is best not to have a fever. According to medical research, since ancient times, human beings often rely on bromelain contained in pineapples to relieve the symptoms of sore throat and cough. Pineapple peel is rich in bromelain and has rich medicinal value. According to the experiments of foreign experts for more than 20 years, the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes is obviously reduced after long-term consumption of pineapple peel, and it has certain anti-cancer effect. It also contains an enzyme that can decompose protein.

Edible

As a fresh food, pineapple is golden in color, rich in fragrance, sweet and sour, crisp and juicy. Pineapple fruit is mostly used for canning except fresh food, and is widely loved because it can keep its original flavor. Canned pineapple is known as "international canned fruit" and can also be made into a variety of processed products, which are widely welcomed by consumers.

Pineapple, like some fruits, can make some people allergic, and the allergic reaction can appear within 15 minutes at the earliest. This symptom is called "pineapple disease" or "pineapple poisoning". For example, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, skin flushing, itching all over the body, numbness of limbs, mouth and tongue, dyspnea, shock and other serious allergic reactions.

Before eating, the pineapple is soaked in salt water, and some organic acids contained in it can be decomposed in salt water to remove the sour taste and make the pineapple taste sweeter. You can also scald it with boiling water before eating. Bromelain began to denature at 45℃~50℃, and more than 90% was destroyed at 100℃. Glycosides can also be destroyed and eliminated at the same time; Serotonin is soluble in water. After cooking, the taste is also improved. Don't eat too many pineapples at a time. Excessive consumption is harmful to the stomach. The baby who eats for the first time only eats the size of a biscuit. If there is no abnormality, the amount can be increased appropriately next time.

Reference link: Pineapple _ Baidu Encyclopedia

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