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About the Central Plains, "Henan" and Henan —— Forty Treasures of Henan Museum (I)
In 2008, the relevant state departments issued a document stipulating that all museums and memorial halls under the centralized management of cultural relics departments at all levels in China are free to open, except for cultural relics buildings and ruins museums. In order to guide and support local important museums to enter the international advanced ranks, the Ministry of Finance and National Cultural Heritage Administration initiated the central and local governments to build national key museums in 2009.

After the evaluation of national museums, eight museums, including Shanghai Museum, Nanjing Museum, Hunan Museum, Henan Museum, Shaanxi History Museum, Hubei Museum, Zhejiang Museum and Liaoning Museum, were finally determined as the first batch of museums built by the central government. These eight national key museums are located at the core of China's historical development and cultural tourism. They are museums that display Chinese civilization, embody China's cultural values and have certain international standards.

The following is an introduction to 40 important cultural relics of Henan Museum, the fourth of the eight key museums in China (part one).

Jia Hu bone flute was unearthed in Jiahu site from 7800 to 9000 years ago, which is the most abundant prehistoric settlement site in the same period. More than 30 pieces of red-crowned crane ulnar bone flutes have been unearthed. There are 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 flute holes, and most of them are still 7 holes. Experiments show that Jia Hu Bone Flute can not only play traditional five-tone or seven-tone music, but also play ethnic minority or foreign music with various tones. Jia Hu bone flute is the earliest musical instrument unearthed in China, and it is also the earliest musical instrument that can be played in the world. It is called "the first flute in China", and its excavation rewrote the music history of pre-Qin and even the whole music history of China, which has unparalleled important position and value. 1987 Tomb M282 of Jiahu Site in Wuyang County, Luohe City, Henan Province was unearthed and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This Jia Hu bone flute is complete in shape, crystal clear and clean due to fossilization, almost comparable to Meiyu. Among the more than 30 Jiahu bone flutes discovered so far, this world-famous product can be sought after in times of crisis, and it can also be regarded as the masterpiece of "the first flute in China", one of the treasures of the Nine Towns Museum of Henan Museum and a national cultural relic. .

This pot is 20 cm high and consists of two pot bodies with the same shape, and there is an oval hole at the abdomen joint. The kettle has a bell mouth, a beam diameter, a small flat bottom and a semicircular ear on one side. The pot is argillaceous pottery, and the whole body is painted with brown-red pottery. The horizontal and parallel lines are painted black from the neck to the bottom, with 15 lines drawn on one side and vertical and short lines drawn in the middle. On the other side, only 14 line is drawn, and diagonal lines and short lines are drawn as parallel lines. According to experts' research, the painted pottery double pot is a sacred sacrificial object, and it is a drinking utensil for tribal leaders and elders when they are in national alliance or major ceremonial activities. It is a symbol of peace, friendship, mutual respect and blind date. 1972 Unearthed at Dahe Village Site, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, and now in Henan Provincial Museum. This pot has unique shape, novel concept, simple and smooth painted lines and unique style. It is of great value to study the life customs and pottery art of primitive society. Probably the originator of plastic cup wine, it is known as the crown of ancient painted pottery in China and a national treasure cultural relic.

This tripod, also called Fang Ding II in Ling Du, is 87 cm high, with a mouth width of 6 1 cm, an ear height of 17 cm, a foot height of 25.5 cm and a weight of about 64.25 kg. This tripod has the same shape as Ling Du Fang Ding No.1, with a bucket-shaped square belly, slightly flat convex ribs at the mouth edge, square lips, symmetrical round arched vertical ears on both sides, and slightly trumpet-shaped. The outer side of the ear is groove-shaped, and there are three arched ribs in the groove. The upper part of the four walls of the tripod belly is decorated with eight groups of strip-shaped gluttonous patterns, one in the middle of the four walls and one in the four corners. 1974 was unearthed in the ruins of Ling Du Mall in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This tripod, with its heavy shape and mysterious and solemn decoration, is a royal heavyweight with a history of more than 3,400 years. It is the earliest ritual vessel decorated with gluttonous patterns and chest nail patterns in China. It is also one of the earliest bronze heavyweight vessels known to mankind. It is the largest, the most perfect casting and the most complete preservation, and it is a national treasure cultural relic.

The height of the whole device is 24.5 cm, the diameter is 13cm, the wall of the device is thin, the mouth is convergent, the neck is long, the shoulder is folded, the abdomen is deep and the circle foot is high. The outward curl radian of the upper part of the beam neck is small, and the outward curl radian of the lower part is large; The folded shoulder is wide, and there are obvious fold lines at the intersection of shoulder and abdomen; The hoop foot is divided into upper and lower parts, the upper part is wider, with a small outward curl, the lower part is narrower, with a large outward curl, and there is a narrow hem at the junction of the upper and lower parts. The upper end of the neck of the bronze chime is decorated with tight convex strings; Under the chord pattern, decorate three turtle patterns at equal intervals. The turtle-shaped pattern looks like a turtle as a whole, with a head like a snake head commonly used in Shang and Zhou bronzes, a round vortex pattern on the back, a four-legged moire pattern and a tail tip; The joint between the shoulder and the neck is decorated with a diagonal Yun Leiwen belt for one week; Abdominal ornamentation consists of three parts: narrow upper and lower Yun Leiwen belts and wide animal face belt in the middle. The animal face belt consists of three groups of similar animal face ornamentation, and the eyes, eyebrows, nose and mouth of the animal face are slightly prominent from the animal face. There are two convex chords at the upper part of the ring foot, and the two chords are interrupted by three equidistant cross-shaped engraved holes. 1955 was unearthed in Baijiazhuang, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. There are obvious fan seams on the belly of this jar, and the fan lines all pass through three cross-shaped holes. It is an important material for studying the casting logic of the early bronze model, the earliest bronze jar excavated scientifically at present, and a rare cultural relic in the middle and early Shang Dynasty, with high historical, cultural and artistic value.

The statue is 46.3 cm high, with a mouth length of 16.4 cm, a foot height of 13.2 cm, a cover height of 13.4 cm and a weight of 16 kg. Owls have small ears, high heads, round eyes, wide mouths and wings close together. The stout feet and the drooping wide tail form three fulcrums. The whole ground is lined with thunder patterns, cicada patterns, double-headed kuiwen patterns, gluttonous patterns and snake patterns. The beak and chest are decorated with cicada patterns, and the sides of the neck are decorated with combs with strange ends. There is a coiled snake at the front end of each wing. The head of the snake is triangular, and the tail of the snake extends to the tail, parallel to the wings. The back of the neck and lid are decorated with gluttonous patterns, and there is an owl at the bottom and tail. The lower edge of the lid has a sub-opening folded inward, which can be combined with the mouth of the container. The inner wall under the mouth of the vessel is engraved with the word "Fu Hao". 1976, Fu Hao's tomb was unearthed from the ruins of Yinxu in Anyang City, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This statue is practical in modeling, exquisite in ornamentation and endless in complexity, which is amazing. Vivid modeling combined with complex ornamentation, rich imagination combined with reasonable exaggeration, contains the unique religious feelings and aesthetic concepts of Shang ancestors. It is the earliest bird-shaped bronze statue found in China at present, and it can be called a fine work of ancient bronze art in China and a national treasure cultural relic.

This device is 36 cm high, 46.5 cm long and weighs 8.5 kg. It is bull-shaped, covered, short-flowing, flat and short-legged, and then connected with the bull's head. On the whole, the front foot is a hoof, and the front is like an ox and a horse, holding your head high; The hind feet are claws, and they look like owls. Fold your wings and straighten your chest. The front is like a cow standing like an animal, with curly horns on the head, dragon patterns from the middle ridge to the tail, bird-shaped at the back, two feet and two claws, and a head-shaped wrench at the tail. The whole body is covered with mysterious animal patterns such as real dragon patterns and bird patterns, which adds more beauty to the massiness. The words "stepmother Xin" are cast on the inner bottom and cover of the vessel. 1976, Fu Hao's tomb was unearthed from the ruins of Yinxu in Anyang City, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This device is ingenious in design, unique in shape and beautifully decorated. The combination of cow and owl is full of imagination tension, magnificent and wonderful. It is a memorial specially cast for Fu Hao after her death, which is of great value to the study of bronze casting, etiquette system and royal inheritance in the late Shang Dynasty.

This device is 24 cm high and 365,438+0.8 cm long, with a round reed shape, a big mouth and a bulging belly. A wide short stream extends obliquely from one side of the device, and a semicircular animal head is installed on the side corresponding to the stream. The top cover is in the shape of a dragon's head, and the dragon's head is carved into a circle. The giraffe has a double horn, an official eye, a round eye, a big hooked eyebrow and a flat face. The dragon body is embossed to the cover surface between the two corners, hovering around the cover button, the long tail is rolled in, the front part is full, and the four claws are sharp. On the periphery of this dragon, there are two dragons in relief, which surround the cover for half a week. Three dragons, with their mouths open and their teeth bared, coiled around the cover, showing the rich imagination and superb artistic level of craftsmen. 1997 The tomb of Taiqing Palace in Luyi County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province was unearthed and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. It is a unique work in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. Its inscription "Changzikou" shows the identity of the tomb owner, which is of great value to the study of the relationship between the Chang family and the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and the relationship between the Central Plains culture and the Dongyi culture.

This image is 5 cm high, 2.5 cm wide and 2.8 cm thick. From the front, it looks like a "tiger head". The figure sits upright, with a tiger's head high, his mouth cracked, his teeth bright, his upper teeth hooked, his nose small, his nostrils double, his eyes long and round, his eyes eyeing, and his ears semicircular. Below the tiger's head is the shape of a human being, leaning forward, sitting on tiptoe, knees propped with both hands, fingers down, and wearing clothes. From the reverse side, the whole back (the back of the character) is in the shape of an owl, and the owl is in the shape of a squat. Tiger's ears are owl's ears, with big hooked nose, round eyes and a round hole under its beak. Man's back is his body, his arms are his wings, his feet are his feet, and he holds his head high and shines forward. 1997 was unearthed in the tomb of the eldest son of Taiqing Palace in Luyi County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This image is very small, and it rarely shows three vivid images of tiger head, human body and standing owl. In addition, the perfect combination of the three images makes the overall shape smooth and harmonious, and it is rare that there is no sense of suddenness. This device is a masterpiece of jade carving in Shang and Zhou dynasties in terms of modeling, carving and creativity, which is of great significance to the study of Yin and Zhou history.

The upper end of this bone flute is flush, and the lower part is inclined from short to long. It consists of 65,438+03 poultry leg bone tubes with decreasing length. The longest tube is 32.7 cm, and the shortest tube is 1 1.8cm, which is light in appearance. Its management is standardized, the material selection is fine and the production is excellent. When playing, the left and right hands should be held on one side, the bass (long pipe) on the left and the treble (short pipe) on the right. The blowholes of bone flutes are mostly open round holes, and players can adjust the pitch, timbre and volume of the instrument according to the angle and intensity of blowholes. Shake left and right to blow out the scale melody. 1997 The tomb of the eldest son of Taiqing Palace was unearthed in Luyi County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This bone flute is the most well-preserved, with the largest number of bone tubes and the most exquisite one among the four unearthed from Changzikou Tomb in Taiqing Palace, Lu Yi. More than 3,000 years ago, it is the earliest bone flute discovered in China so far, filling the gap that only Oracle Bone Inscriptions records flutes in China, but there is no real thing, and it is a national treasure.

The height of this reed is 16.5 cm and the diameter is 17 cm. It has a round opening, sloping lips, short neck, shallow abdomen, bulging abdomen and slight drooping. There are a pair of dragon-shaped ears in the abdomen, the upper end is located in the neck and the lower end is located in the lower abdomen. The ears droop slightly and there is a trumpet-shaped bracket inside. The neck is decorated with two groups of * * * eight real dragon patterns, with fine thunder patterns as the ground pattern. Four real dragon patterns in each group are centered on a embossed animal head, respectively on both sides, and the real dragon patterns on the same side follow each other and face the animal head. There are eight lines of ***74 inscriptions on the bottom of the reed, indicating that the manufacturer is Zuo Bo. Tussah silk bouquets are unique in shape, with mouth opening, curling, neck binding, vertical abdomen, oblique straight short circle foot and trumpet-shaped support, which is unique among the bronze bouquets found in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. 1993 was unearthed at No.242, Yingguo Cemetery, Pingdingshan, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This reed is beautifully made, with reasonable pattern layout, symmetry and solemnity, natural and smooth lines, and light and elegant. The Inscription is an excellent narrative, which records the process of Zhou Kangwang's shooting ceremony in Zhoudu. With beautiful fonts and compact layout, it can be called an early calligraphy treasure, which provides very valuable information for studying the ancient shooting ceremony system in China.

It is 25.2 cm high and 3 1.8 cm long. It is made of duck's belly, with an opening in the back and a cylindrical foot cast under it. The duck's head is flowing, and the duck's tail is a raft. A small bronze man stood on the raft, skillfully connecting his body and cover with his hands and feet. The cover edge and mouth are decorated with long tail Feng Niaowen for a week. There are 43 inscriptions on the cover, with even strokes and clear handwriting. According to the inscription, the envoy of Ying State once visited Xing Guojun and Xing Gong here. The palace sent an official named Wang to meet him and gave him some gifts. Later, he made this cup from the copper given by the palace as a souvenir. The reason why it is designed as a duck shape is that it is made according to the strict hierarchy of the Western Zhou Dynasty. A noble master like Shu can only use objects in the shape of ducks and geese. From 65438 to 0988, Yingguo Cemetery in Pingdingshan City, Henan Province was unearthed, and now it is in Henan Provincial Museum. This cup is ingenious in conception, beautiful in shape, imaginative and unique in overall design. The inscription confirms the authenticity of Yingguo and Guo Xing in ancient literature. It can be called an early diplomatic history of China, a wonderful masterpiece that perfectly combines the beauty of art with the beauty of life. It is breathtaking and contains artistic flavor. It is a kind of material for studying the etiquette system of the Western Zhou Dynasty and a national treasure cultural relic.

Two pieces were unearthed from Father's Corner. In the early Western Zhou Dynasty, this piece was 29 cm high, 20.3 cm long and 9.8 cm wide. It was covered with a ridge at the top and a bridge button in the middle of the ridge. The mouth of the organ is olive-shaped, the neck is convergent, the abdominal wall is slightly raised, and one side has a head, a bottom and a triangular conical foot. The cover and text are decorated with gluttonous patterns and banana leaves with thunder patterns, and the words 12 are engraved on the inside of the cover and the wall of the text: "Chenzhao Store is a book that respects Yi as a father's treasure". As a member of wine vessels, the number of bronze horns handed down and unearthed is very small, and because of their short popularity, they were only found in the late Shang Dynasty and early Zhou Dynasty, with few unearthed artifacts. 1986 It was unearthed in Shihe Port, Shihe District, Xinyang City, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This device is black and shiny, painted with ancient black paint, with excellent ornamental effect, unique shape, exquisite decoration and clear inscription, which has important historical value. It is the largest horn with the most exquisite decoration and inscriptions among the known horn devices, and is praised by experts as "the first corner of the Western Zhou Dynasty", which is a rare artistic masterpiece.

The length of this sword is 20cm, and the length of the hilt is13cm. The body of the sword is inserted in an elaborate cowhide sheath, and there are traces of silk wrapping outside the body. The hilt of this sword is made of hetian sapphire, which looks like a bamboo that broke through the ground. The bamboo joints are distinct, the jade is delicate, moist and smooth. The hilt is hollow, and there is a copper core inserted in it, which connects the body and hilt. According to experts' research, the iron sword is a piece of carburized steel, which is made of a piece of iron after a long period of carburization and repeated forging, so the cast objects are sharper and tougher. 199 1 was unearthed in M200 1 of Ji Guo's tomb in Shangcunling, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This sword is exquisitely made, integrating iron, copper and jade. It is the earliest artificial iron smelting product unearthed in archaeological excavations in China. 2800 years ago, the era of artificial ironmaking in China was advanced by nearly two centuries. Therefore, it is known as "the first sword of China", one of the treasures of nine towns in Henan Museum, and a national treasure.

The jade mask, also known as the jade mask, consists of 1 Tang Yin, two eyebrows, two eyes, two ears, two cheeks, two beards, 1 nose, 1 mouth, 1 chin and * * 14 chin. Most of these jades, except the jade yellow symbolizing chin, are made of other old jades, and some jades have carefully preserved the local patterns of the original jades during the transformation. Jade embroidery pieces are all sapphire from Hotan, Xinjiang, and a few of them are still light ice cyan or deep ice cyan. However, due to the long-term erosion of fill or accumulated water in the tomb, most of them are yellow-white, gray-white or khaki in whole or in part. 1990 Tomb No.200 1 of Lingguo Cemetery in Shangcun, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province was unearthed and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This set of jade decorative eyes is well preserved and consists of 58 pieces of jade. It is the tomb with the most complete structure, the most standardized shape and the most exquisite craftsmanship that can be seen in the excavation of Western Zhou tombs. It provides abundant information for us to explore the jade decoration system in the Western Zhou Dynasty and is of great value to the study of jade culture in China. It is a national treasure cultural relic.

This set of Yu Pei is about 87 cm long, and it is made up of seven pieces of jade yellow from top to bottom, from small to large, with two rows of agate and glass beads symmetrically arranged in between. The upper part consists of a dragon Yu Pei, 18 jade tube and 103 red agate beads, which are divided into two rows and 12 groups respectively. The lower part consists of 7 jade yellow, 20 round red agate tubes, 1 17 red agate tubular beads, and 108 light blue diamond beads arranged in two rows and four rows. This large-scale group of Yu Pei is also rare in archaeological discoveries in China, which provides valuable information for studying the types, materials, techniques and ancient jade ritual system of ancient China. 199 1 was unearthed in M200 1 of Ji Guo's tomb in Shangcunling, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This set of Yu Pei has complex structure, regular combination and exquisite patterns. It is a symbol and symbol of the status of Guo, the monarch of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It represents the Yu Pei style of the nobles in the Western Zhou Dynasty, is a typical representative of Yu Pei in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and is also the most standardized and complete set of jade ornaments in the Zhou Dynasty that can be seen at present. It fully embodies the jade-wearing system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, as well as the superb jade-making technology in ancient China. It is a national treasure cultural relic.

This pot is117cm high, 30.5cm long and 24.9cm wide. The decorative pattern of the pot body is bas-relief, and there are dragon and phoenix decorative patterns engraved with yin patterns. There are several Ying Long flying in a winding way clinging to its abdomen, and it is slowly moving upward. Some are the combination of birds and animals, all around the pot. There are dragon-shaped ears on all sides of the neck of the pot, and the dragon-shaped ears on the front two sides form the ears of the copper pot, with corolla-shaped horns, which are larger and longer, and the crown and the pot body have exquisite hollow patterns. Winged dragons are attached to the four corners of the lower part of the ampulla. Animals' horns are turned upside down, and the ends of the horns are like flowers, making them climb back and forth. There are two dragons at the foot of the circle, which have scales, bows and tails, and their heads turn outward, staggered and branched. The upward climbing momentum of the dragon supporting the pot body and the dragon beast attached to the pot body corresponds to each other, which gives people a sense of lightness and movement of the pot body visually. 1923 was unearthed in Lijialou, xinzheng city, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. The decorative composition of this pot is extremely complicated, the pattern is very wonderful, and the casting process is excellent and exquisite, which embodies the characteristics of the times in the Spring and Autumn Period. At the same time, it also shows the leading position of Zheng's industrial technology level in the Spring and Autumn Period, especially the bronze casting level at that time. It is a rare treasure among bronzes unearthed in China and a national cultural relic.

This device is rectangular, with a height of 28.8 cm, a length of 13 1 cm, a width of 67.6 cm and a weight of 94.2 kg. The whole copper bar is made up of three layers of copper stalks with different thicknesses. It is slender and exquisite, like seamless welding, like riveting without riveting marks, hollow and carved with moire. Take the Forbidden City as an example. The bronze Forbidden City is decorated with carved multi-layer moire patterns, which has good permeability, like white clouds floating in the sky. There are 12 dragon-shaped animals clinging to the upper part of the Forbidden City. They bent down, curled their tails and stuck their heads out, facing the center of the Forbidden City, forming a dragon-guarded scene, and twelve other animals crouched under the Forbidden City. Its body is supported by copper rods with different thicknesses, which are divided into five layers, and the thickest layer is the beam frame. There are many branches on both sides of each beam frame, just like a bucket arch on an ancient building. 1978 The tomb of Si Xia Chu in Xichuan County, Nanyang City, Henan Province was unearthed and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. The whole moire copper plate is cast by lost wax method (investment process), which is exquisite, complicated and breathtaking. It can be called a fine bronze ware in the forbidden class. The excavation of moire copper plate has advanced the history of lost wax casting technology in China by 1 100 years, and it is the earliest lost wax bronze and national treasure cultural relic discovered in China so far.

A group of 26 bells patented by Wang Sun, with the largest weight of 152.8kg and the smallest weight of 2.8kg, have the same shape and decrease in size. The bell is tile-shaped and there is a cylindrical harmony in the dance. There is an annular spiral and a rectangular pattern in the lower part of harmony. There are 36 cylindrical pieces in the front and back of the bell cavity, and the mouth is arc-shaped, and the mouth of the inner wall has file marks caused by tuning. This set of bells is a ritual vessel and musical instrument cast by the son of the King of Wu, Wang Sunpat, for his father, which fully embodies the majesty, simplicity, brilliance and dignified atmosphere of the royal family of Chu. 1978 The tomb of Si Xia Chu in Xichuan County, Nanyang City, Henan Province was unearthed and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This set of chimes has the inscription 17 and the length is 1 17. It is a bronze percussion instrument with the largest number, the largest scale, the widest range, accurate melody and well-preserved in the Spring and Autumn Period. It is more than 100 years earlier than the chime of the tomb of Zeng Guo in Hubei Province, and it has high ornamental value and artistic charm. This is a rare object in the study of China's music history.

This tripod is 62 cm high, 62 cm in diameter and 63 cm in length. This is one of the seven Ding unearthed from Chu Tomb No.2 in Sixia, Xichuan. This tripod has a small mouth, ears turned out, waist tied, belly bulging, flat bottom, hoofed head, six monsters, head held high and tail rolled up, and stands on the wall. The tripod surface is decorated with bas-reliefs, twisted lines and vertical lines. On the inner wall and bottom of the container, there is an inscription with 84 words in 14 lines, to the effect that Wang Ziwu made a bronze tripod to worship his ancestor Wang Wen and swore an oath. I treat people with virtue, so I am respected. I hope future generations will take me as the criterion. "Wang Ziwu" is the son of Chu Zhuangwang recorded in the literature, whose real name is Zi Chu. When King Chu Kang was a hermit. 1978 No.2 Tomb of Si Xia Chu in Xichuan County, Nanyang City, Henan Province was unearthed and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. The vessel is exquisite in shape, magnificent in momentum, vigorous in posture and vivid in ornamentation, which embodies the unique artistic style of Chu culture. It is a typical bronze tripod with the most Chu style in the middle and late Spring and Autumn Period. The six monsters were cast by lost wax method, which has high artistic and scientific value. The bird seal in Dingzhong has exquisite inscriptions, clear names and dates, which provides a reference for the study of Chu history and culture.

This pot is 79.2 cm high, and its neck, shoulders and feet are decorated with flat stripes and Yun Leiwen. Dragon whiskers and ears are attached to the neck. The cover is decorated with a hollow dragon. The whole line from the mouth edge to the base is freely retractable, and the overall shape of the dragon ear square pot is magnificent. The lid of the pot is decorated with a hollow dragon pattern, and the neck is cast with double dragon ears. Shuang Hu leans down to support the whole pot body. The image is vivid and weird, which makes the solemn shape contain vitality and melody. 1978 The tomb of Si Xia Chu in Xichuan County, Nanyang City, Henan Province was unearthed and is now in the Henan Provincial Museum. This pot is unique in shape and magnificent. Together with the Lotus Crane Square Pot in Gong Zheng's tomb, it is south and north, which can be called the peerless double pot in the Spring and Autumn Period. This pot gives full play to the intelligence of the Chu people, which is a fine product. It is one of the most representative objects in Chu bronzes.