What should I pay attention to when taking statins? There are some dietary precautions when taking statins. On the one hand, it assists in regulating blood lipids and exerts greater efficacy; On the other hand, it is to improve the safety of medication and reduce the risk of adverse reactions. Dietary precautions for taking statins specifically include the following aspects:
1. light diet. Cholesterol, triglycerides and other lipid substances are ingested from food, so we advocate a light diet to reduce the intake of exogenous fat. Specifically, it is to be low in fat, cholesterol and carbohydrates. Low fat means eating less foods with high fat content such as fat, fried and cream. It is best to choose vegetable oil when cooking, and avoid using animal oil. Low cholesterol means eating less high cholesterol foods such as egg yolk, animal brain and animal viscera; Low carbohydrate means eating less high carbohydrate foods, such as sugar, rice, bread and noodles.
2. Limit drinking. Alcohol is mainly metabolized in the liver, and most statins are mainly metabolized in the liver. In the long run, it is easy to increase the risk of adverse drug reactions. Moreover, drinking will also affect the curative effect and reduce the therapeutic effect. In addition, many patients who take statins for a long time will develop atherosclerosis. Drinking alcohol will damage vascular endothelium, increase vascular fragility and plaque instability, and accelerate the progress of atherosclerosis.
3. Be careful when eating grapefruit. Grapefruit contains some components that can inhibit the activity of CYP3A4 enzyme in liver, which is the metabolic enzyme of statins. Once its activity is inhibited, the metabolism of statins will be affected, and drugs that cannot be metabolized will slowly accumulate in the body, leading to an increase in blood drug concentration, making patients more prone to adverse reactions. Of course, drugs such as rosuvastatin, pravastatin and pitavastatin are hardly metabolized by CYP3A4, so you can eat some grapefruit in moderation without being affected by grapefruit.
The above are the dietary precautions summarized by pharmacist Wang when taking statins. I hope everyone will pay more attention. It is also necessary to remind everyone that we should pay attention to the safety of combined medication. Most patients who take statins are complicated with coronary heart disease and arrhythmia. They may be taking other drugs, and the combination of drugs may increase the adverse drug reactions. So when you see a doctor, you should tell the doctor the medicine you are taking.
I am pharmacist Wang, and I insist on popularizing the knowledge of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in easy-to-understand language, so as to contribute my meager strength to healthy China. If you think my answer is helpful to you, please leave a comment! In addition, if you have any questions about statins, please leave a message and let's discuss it together! hello
Cardiovascular doctor Mr. Zhang will answer your questions.
Statins are the most commonly used lipid-regulating drugs in clinic at present, and they are the first-line drugs to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially those at high risk.
At present, the commonly used statins in clinic are simvastatin, pitavastatin, atorvastatin and rosuvastatin.
Patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors should pay attention to light diet, quit smoking and limit alcohol, avoid greasy food, control sodium intake, reduce carbohydrate and lipid intake, and appropriately increase protein and cellulose intake when taking statins.
Statins are forbidden to be taken with grapefruit fruits. A large number of studies have shown that the simultaneous use of grapefruit and statins will enhance the efficacy of statins. Although the lipid-lowering effect is enhanced, the side effects are also increased, which will cause serious damage to liver and kidney function.
When using statins for the first time, please check the blood lipid and liver and kidney function after taking them for one month. If you have muscle soreness, you must go to a regular hospital to test muscle enzyme indicators and reduce or stop taking drugs under the guidance of a doctor.
Statins are the cornerstone of the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. They can not only stabilize atherosclerotic plaques, but also reduce plaques and even reverse plaques, thus reducing the development of coronary heart disease or cerebrovascular disease into myocardial infarction or stroke, and significantly reducing the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Patients with coronary heart disease or cerebrovascular disease recommend you to try "Mediterranean diet", which is a sea area between Europe, Asia and Africa. Some surveys have found that the incidence of coronary heart disease among residents living along this sea area is significantly lower than that in other developed countries. The reason is that these residents mainly eat vegetables, fruits and whole grains, and eat less high-fat meat. This is the origin of the "Mediterranean diet", which can be used with statins without any contraindications.
However, studies have shown that atorvastatin, lovastatin and simvastatin are metabolized by liver drug CYP3A4, and they are easy to interact with grapefruit, while rosuvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin and pitavastatin are not metabolized by liver drug CYP3A4, so they are not easy to interact with grapefruit, which is not only related to the types of statins, but also related to the consumption of grapefruit. Simvastatin's instructions point out that routine drinking (a cup of grapefruit juice of 250 ml per day) has little effect and no clinical significance. The instructions of atorvastatin show that the plasma concentration of atorvastatin can be significantly increased by drinking only 1.2L grapefruit juice every day, so grapefruit is not strictly prohibited during taking statins. Patients who like grapefruit can stagger the medication time and eat less grapefruit with 1-2 petals.
References:
Instructions for atorvastatin calcium tablets
Simvastatin instructions
Lu Jizong. Grapefruit (grapefruit) is delicious, so be alert to various "drug effects", Knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention (popular science edition), 20 17, No.9, 54-56.
Statins are the first choice for lowering cholesterol at present, which has become an indispensable aspect of prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease. Statins are the basic treatment drugs for primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, and their safety has been fully affirmed.
What problems should you pay attention to during taking statins?
1. Stop drinking. Alcohol can accelerate the metabolism of many drugs and affect the curative effect of drugs. During taking statins, it is forbidden to drink alcohol to prevent the drug from reaching the expected blood concentration and reducing its cholesterol-lowering effect.
2. light diet. Hypercholesterolemia is mostly caused by excessive intake of exogenous calories. Diet should be light, less oil, less salt and less sugar, and try to reduce the intake of fat, sweets and greasy food. Especially at night, you can not eat or eat less. Because the synthesis of cholesterol in the body has a circadian rhythm, the synthesis is most vigorous between midnight and early morning. Eating less at dinner can effectively avoid the peak of cholesterol synthesis, and the effect is more obvious.
3. Be careful to use it in combination with other drugs. Statins can cause myopathy, which often occurs in patients with various diseases and receiving various drugs. Rhabdomyolysis is the most dangerous adverse reaction, which can lead to death in severe cases. Therefore, during the medication, try to reduce the use of other drugs. If combined medication is needed, it must be guided by a professional doctor.
I am Xiaoyao Doupi, the pharmacist in charge of the 3A hospital and a licensed pharmacist. Welcome to pay attention and leave a message.
Statins are the core drugs in clinical lipid-lowering therapy, which can not only reduce the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but also control atherosclerotic plaque and inhibit vascular endothelial inflammatory reaction. Statins are one of the basic therapeutic drugs for atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, people who need to take statins for a long time are mainly people with elevated blood lipid levels, high risk of atherosclerosis or already existing atherosclerotic diseases.
Then in the process of taking statins, we should not only avoid the habit that affects the curative effect of statins, but also develop healthy and reasonable eating habits, which is conducive to slowing down the development of atherosclerosis! Including:
Besides diet, you need to quit smoking and keep a certain frequency and intensity of physical exercise! These comprehensive measures are an important part of protecting the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems.
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It is common sense to pay attention to diet when taking medicine. On the one hand, there may be some interaction between drugs and food, which may affect the curative effect or aggravate the side effects of drugs; On the other hand, food itself is one of the potential risk factors of diseases. If you don't eat it right, it will aggravate your condition and greatly reduce the effect of the drug.
What should I pay attention to when taking statins? When it comes to statins, the elderly are no strangers. Statins, as one of the cornerstone drugs in cardiovascular field, are usually drugs that need long-term administration. Since it is taken for a long time, we should pay more attention to our daily diet.
First of all, know why you take statins. Different patients take statins for different purposes. The most basic function of statins is to reduce blood lipids, especially low density lipoprotein cholesterol, so statins can be used for patients with hyperlipidemia. At the same time, statins can stabilize plaque and delay the growth of plaque by lowering cholesterol and resisting vascular endothelial inflammation, so they can be used for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
If you take statins just to lower your blood fat, you should know your diet:
For patients with simple hyperlipidemia, taking statins is to reduce blood lipids, so we should pay attention to a light diet, stay away from high-fat foods such as fried food, fat and animal fat, and stay away from high-cholesterol foods such as animal viscera, crab roe, fish eggs and egg yolk to help reduce blood lipids faster. If these patients can successfully reduce their blood lipids through drug treatment and life intervention, and ensure long-term stability, they can stop taking drugs and live a healthy life after follow-up.
If you take statins to prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, you need to know your diet:
For the high-risk population of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and patients with a history of coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction, it is generally necessary to take statins for a long time, and patients often need to take a variety of drugs, such as aspirin and antihypertensive drugs. The dietary requirements of such patients should be stricter. In addition to controlling the intake of foods with high fat and cholesterol, we should also control foods with high sugar and salt, such as desserts, cakes, pickles, salted fish, preserved meat, sauce products, preserved meat and sausages. And it's best not to eat them. This is the dietary requirement of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Second, you should know what kind of statins you are taking. Statins are also divided into different types, which have experienced three generations so far, including the first generation of simvastatin, lovastatin and pravastatin, the second generation of fluvastatin, the third generation of atorvastatin, rosuvastatin and pitavastatin. Different statins have different lipid-lowering intensity, drug efficacy maintenance time and side effects, and the newer statins, the better.
The reason why patients need to know which statins they are taking is because some statins will interact with grapefruit. Because grapefruit can inhibit the activity of liver drug enzyme P450 3A4, which is a partial statin metabolizing enzyme.
If you eat lovastatin, simvastatin and atorvastatin, please don't eat grapefruit!
Because these three statins are metabolized by the above liver drug enzymes, eating grapefruit will inhibit drug metabolism and greatly increase the risk of side effects.
If you eat pravastatin, pitavastatin and rosuvastatin, you can eat grapefruit normally!
Because these three statins are not metabolized by liver enzymes and are not affected by grapefruit!
If you eat fluvastatin, be careful with grapefruit!
Because a small amount of fluvastatin will also be metabolized through this route, but no study has confirmed that eating grapefruit will affect its metabolism. For the sake of safety, you'd better not eat it!
In addition to grapefruit, grapefruit juice, citrus, oranges and other fruits also contain more or less components that inhibit P450 3A4 enzyme activity, so it is best to eat less of these fruits!
Finally, anyone who takes statins should pay attention to diet. You must not drink alcohol when taking statins!
Needless to say, you can't drink alcohol when you take any medicine, and statins are no exception. For patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, it is necessary to strictly abstain from alcohol, not only for the safety of medication, but also for life and health!
Take statins and pay attention to supplement coenzyme Q 10!