In breeding, seedlings are generally accepted naturally, and workers can also be put in, but the products are completely provided by natural productivity, and there is no need for fertilization or bait.
Its products include fish, crab, shrimp and shellfish. Artificial seedling varieties can also yield more than ten kilograms per mu, and the comprehensive benefit can reach several hundred yuan.
Port culture is a kind of culture method worth popularizing and developing. Especially in recent years, the serious outbreak of shrimp disease and the serious eutrophication of coastal waters show the great advantages of this method.
2. Semi-intensive cultivation. It is developed on the basis of Hong Kong culture. That is to build an ecological environment suitable for the survival and growth of prawns, so that prawns can obtain higher yield per unit area.
The establishment of ecological environment includes the artificial control of water temperature, salinity, transparency, sediment, water depth and harmful organisms, so that it is in the most suitable environment for prawns, and then through reasonable seedling release and bait feeding, higher yield can be obtained.
This method can achieve high economic benefits because of less bait and less organic matter in shrimp wastewater, and has little adverse impact on the environment. Therefore, it is also a breeding method worth popularizing.
3. Intensive cultivation methods. Small ponds generally adopt this farming method. In this way, shrimp culture requires good pond conditions, high water exchange rate, complete aerobic equipment and facilities, mainly artificial high-quality bait, and high seedling release per unit area.
As long as the environment is controlled reasonably and the feeding is reasonable, high yield can generally be obtained. The domestic intensive cultivation yield per mu is as high as 1050 kg, and the benefit is also very high.
However, this method requires a lot of money, large investment, high risk, high bait coefficient and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, from the perspective of long-term interests, large-scale promotion should not be advocated.
4. polyculture. Polyculture refers to the release of fish, shellfish, algae, crabs and other species while raising shrimp. The aquaculture products include shrimp and polyculture species.
In principle, the selection of polyculture species is harmless to prawns, does not affect the survival and growth of prawns, does not compete with prawns for food or has weak competition ability, and it is best to be omnivorous or saprophytic, so prawn residual bait can be used.
Mixed culture can improve the utilization rate of bait, reduce the organic pollution of shrimp wastewater, increase the yield, increase economic benefits, and reduce the risks caused by diseases and failures of single cultured shrimp.
5. Other ways. There are many other aquaculture methods, such as intensive shrimp culture, shrimp culture in net enclosure, shrimp culture in cage and so on. These farming methods are rarely used in China.