How to regulate prolactin secretion after delivery Prolactin, also known as prolactin or prolactin, is a protein hormone secreted by eosinophils in the anterior pituitary gland. Because prolactin is produced by pituitary, it is also called pituitary prolactin. Its main function is to promote the development and growth of mammary gland, stimulate and maintain lactation, and stimulate the production of follicle luteinizing hormone receptor.
Dysfunction of pituitary and hypothalamus leads to excessive prolactin in the body, which stimulates the mammary gland to cause lactation. Common diseases such as pituitary adenoma, primary hypothyroidism and adrenal cortex hypofunction or hyperfunction. In addition, long-term use of some drugs (such as chlorpromazine, perphenazine, reserpine, contraceptives) will lead to the increase of prolactin in the blood and galactorrhea.
So what is human placental prolactin? Placental prolactin (hPL) is also called chorionic growth promoting prolactin (hCS). HPL is also produced and secreted by placental syncytiotrophoblast cells. After HPL secretion, most of them enter the villous space and placental sinus, and rarely appear in the fetus. The role of hPL is to cooperate with insulin and corticosteroids in pregnant women, promote breast development, promote positive nitrogen balance, and contribute to the accumulation of protein during pregnancy. HPL can also inhibit fat deposition and promote the increase of free fatty acids in lipolytic blood. When free fatty acids in blood are superior to glucose, muscle tissue mainly uses free fatty acids as energy source to reduce glucose intake. The function of hPL is an important condition for the rapid growth and development of fetus.
Excessive synthesis and release of prolactin can lead to hypogonadism syndrome, which is very common in women. The increase of female prolactin level can cause lactation, unexplained infertility, anovulation with amenorrhea, and in the most serious case, estrogen is seriously reduced. Hyperprolactinemia is a common cause of female infertility. Therefore, the determination of prolactin is of great significance for the diagnosis of diseases involving female reproductive system.
What is the function of prolactin? 1. What is the effect of prolactin on breast?
Prolactin, also known as prolactin, plays an important role in the development of female puberty mammary glands.
(1) By the time of pregnancy, the secretion of PRL, estrogen and progesterone increased, which made the breast tissue develop further, and it had lactation ability but did not lactation, because the concentration of estrogen and progesterone in the blood was too high at this time, which inhibited the lactation effect of PRL.
(2) After delivery, the concentration of estrogen and progesterone in blood is greatly reduced, and PRL can effectively start and maintain lactation.
(3) PRL secretion increased significantly during pregnancy, which may be related to estrogen stimulating the secretion of pituitary prolactin cells. When a woman is breastfeeding, the baby's sucking nipple reflex causes a lot of PRL secretion.
2. Effect of prolactin on gonad
(1) Effects of prolactin on luteal function: In mammals, PRL has certain effects on luteal function of ovaries, such as rodents. PRL and LH cooperate to promote the formation of corpus luteum and maintain progesterone secretion, but high dose PRL can dissolve corpus luteum.
(2) Effect of prolactin on luteal function: PRL also has a certain effect on human ovarian function. With the development and maturation of follicles, the content of PRL in follicles gradually increased. During the development of secondary oocytes into preovulatory follicles, PRL receptors appeared on granulosa cells and were stimulated by FSH. The combination of PRL and its receptor can stimulate the production of LH receptor, and the combination of LH and its receptor can promote ovulation, luteinization and the secretion of progesterone and estrogen. Experiments show that a small amount of PRL can allow the synthesis of ovarian hormones and progesterone, while a large amount of PRL can inhibit their synthesis. The clinical manifestations of women with amenorrhea and galactorrhea syndrome are amenorrhea, galactorrhea and infertility. Patients are generally anovulatory, and their estrogen level is low, but their blood PRL concentration is abnormally high.