He is a successful entrepreneur, diligent in politics, and attaches importance to the development of agricultural production. He respects worthy men and women, recruits talented people, worships military strategists, and makes "three points in the world, two points in the week". When King Wen was in power, he appeared as the "Fang Bo" of Shang Dynasty, surrendering to Shang Dynasty on the surface, but secretly preparing to destroy Shang Dynasty. He divided and disintegrated the vassal States of Shang Dynasty, fought for the country, successfully settled the land dispute between Yu and Rui, and made small countries in Hedong come to him one after another. The princes regarded King Wen as the "order king" to replace Shang Zhouwang. In the second year after Yu and Rui joined the army, King Wen moved to the northwest and southwest, which established a solid rear for destroying the business. Then it developed eastward, crossed the Yellow River and attacked other countries, such as Jiao and Guan. According to relevant information, it captured Chong, an important stronghold of Shang Dynasty in the middle reaches of Wei River, cleared an obstacle on Zhou Dongjin's road and gained abundant land. In the second year of the Eastern Expedition, King Wen built Fengyi on the west bank of Feng Shui, and the political center moved to Fengyi (southwest of Jin 'an). At this point, King Wen had completed the pincer-like encirclement of merchants, and Zhou people formed an aggressive offensive against Shang Dynasty.
At that time, Shang Zhouwang invented the punishment of branding, which ordered prisoners to walk on a copper column coated with lubricating oil. Once they slipped, they would fall into a fire pit and their skin would be burned to death. But Shang Zhouwang's favorite princess, da ji, kept laughing when she saw the horror, so Shang Zhouwang kept asking the prisoners to do so in order to win da ji a smile. Zhou Wenwang was so angry that both the governor and the people gnashed their teeth. After some thinking, Zhou Wenwang wants to use this criminal law to further win the hearts of the people and improve his prestige among the people. So, Zhou Wenwang came to Chao Ge last week, provided a piece of land on the west bank of the Guoluo River, and explained his purpose, hoping to get Zhou Wang to promise one thing, that is, to abolish the brand. Shang Zhouwang heard that this kind of criminal law had a lot of complaints among the Shang people, and now he can get a piece of land, so he agreed to Zhou Wenwang's request. Zhou Wenwang hype, governors and people all praised Zhou Wenwang's boundless merits. King Wen lost a piece of land, but gained the support of the vast number of governors, which will create favorable conditions for him to prosper Zhou and destroy business. [ 1]
At that time, Zhou had a precious jade plate, which was priceless and Yi Yin wanted it very much. At first, he ordered glue to get it, but Wang Wen didn't give it. Because Jiao Wei is a good minister, he can often put forward some good ideas for developing production, caring for the people and training the army. If Jiao Wei is trusted and reused by Shang Zhouwang, it will be bad for Zhou. Glue can't get the jade plate, which means he is incompetent. Shang Zhouwang will despise him, despise him, glue in the Yin dynasty, there is no place. Later, Yinzhou sent Fei Zhong to fetch the tracts. After some thinking, King Wen finally gave it to him. Because Fei Zhong is a traitor: he often teaches Yin Zhou the way of enjoyment, which makes Yin Zhou arrogant and extravagant; He often makes waves and speaks ill of princes and ministers, resulting in external isolation and internal discord; At the same time, he tried to plunder the property of the princes and the people for their enjoyment, resulting in sharp contradictions between the monarch and the people. When Fei Zhong got the jade edition, the Yin and Zhou Dynasties would trust and reuse him more, thus greatly weakening the strength of the Yin Dynasty.
When the Shang and Zhou Dynasties were Xibo, it was built under Qishan. He accumulated virtue and did good deeds and became a great politician. He was jailed for slandering Zhou Wang after worshipping Hou Hu and was released. Benefiting from benevolent government, most governors in the world obeyed. After the son won the world, he was honored as the head of the governors in the last years of Shang Dynasty. He was known as the Hou of Northwest China in history and was named as. Our ancestors, Gu Gong and his son, followed the cause of Hou Ji and Gong Liu, adopted the calendar and advocated the social atmosphere of respecting the elderly, showing little kindness and respecting the virtuous, so as to develop the social economy of their territory. Together with his son Ji Fa, he hired Jiang Shang as a strategist in Diaoyutai, Panxi, Baoji, and led an army to attack the Shang Dynasty from Qishan. He was a pioneer of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Invented "Eight Diagrams of King Wen" and "Sixty-four hexagrams of King Wen", which spread all over the world. Historical Records records that "King Wen was imprisoned and played Zhouyi". When he was imprisoned by King Shang, he wrote a book "Zhouyi" in prison and reigned for 50 years.
Wu Zetian changed the Tang Dynasty to the Zhou Dynasty and respected Zhou Wenwang as the ancestor of the Southern Zhou Dynasty. Historical Records of Zhou Benji says that he can inherit the career initiated by Hou Ji and Gong Liu, imitate the laws and regulations made by his grandfather, ancient grandfather and his father, implement benevolent policies, respect the old and love the young, and be virtuous and corporal, and govern the Zhou base area under the banner. During the gap-clearing period, we pursued the rule of virtue at home, advocated "protecting the small people", vigorously developed agricultural production, and adopted the policy of "September 1 gang", that is, dividing the fields, allowing farmers to help plow the public fields and paying one-ninth of the taxes. Businessmen don't accept tariffs, some people commit crimes and their wives don't sit together, and so on. And the politics in the early days of feudal system, that is, the politics of enriching the people, was to collect taxes moderately and let farmers save some money to stimulate their interest in labor. He recruited talents from other countries, recruited talents from other tribes, and defected from Shang Zhouwang. He treated them with courtesy and appointed them. Such as Boyi, Shu Qi, Taidian, Yao Hong, Sanyisheng, Xiong Ji and Xinjia. , have joined the Jichang department to become a topic. Ji Chang lived a frugal life, dressed in ordinary clothes, worked in the fields and governed the country conscientiously. Under his rule, Zhou Qi became more and more powerful.
The strength of the Western Zhou Dynasty increased, causing anxiety in the Shang Dynasty. Shang Zhouwang's cronies, worshipping the late ruler Hu, secretly advised Zhou Wang that Xibohou had done good everywhere and established his own prestige, and all the governors yearned for him, which was not good for the king. So Zhou Wang put Jichang in prison (now tangyin county). During his imprisonment, he devoted himself to "performing the sixty-four hexagrams of Yi, each for his own use." In order to rescue King Wen from prison, Chen Zhou and others searched for beautiful women, BMW cars and pearls and jade. Zhou Wang was overjoyed: "This one is enough, not to mention so many treasures!" So he ordered King Wen to be released from prison. He also got bows, arrows, axes and cymbals, and authorized the fight against disobedient princes. This is what the history books say about King Wen's "evil in prison".
King Wen made up his mind to destroy business after he got out of prison. When Jiang Shang went hunting by the Wei River, he happened to be old and in poor health, so he fished by the river. King Wen talked with him and had a very speculative talk with each other. King Wen knew that Jiang Shang was very talented, so he asked Jiang Shang to go back with him and become a teacher, and made a strategy to destroy the enterprise. According to Biography of Shangshu, King Wen did six great things in his last seven years in office. In the first year, he mediated the dispute between Yu and Rui. Yu (Pinglu County, Shanxi Province) and Rui (Ruicheng City, Shanxi Province) were both western vassals of Shang Dynasty. However, they did not seek the ruling of Shang King. They all admired Zhou Wenwang's reputation and asked King Wen to judge. According to the notes in the Book of Songs, Daya Mian, Yu and Rui saw Zhou Guo as "the tiller gives way to him, and the walker makes him walk", "men and women have different ways, but the gray people don't help each other" and "the scholar makes him a doctor and the doctor makes him a gentleman". By contrast, I am ashamed. After returning to China, both countries took the initiative to dispose of the disputed land and the dispute was resolved. In the second year, he sent troops to attack the dog Rong, defeated foreign countries in Xirong, and destroyed several small countries. In the third year, the attack on Misu (now Lingtai County, Gansu Province) relieved the worries of the North and the West. In the fourth year, "Xibo Zhali (now Licheng County, Shanxi Province)", and in the fifth year, it was cut (now Qinyang County, Henan Province). In fact, the blow to Li and the blow to Li constitute a direct threat to Shangdu Song. In the sixth year, the country was destroyed (in modern Shaanxi). The capital of Zhou moved eastward from Qishan to Weishui Plain and established Fengjing (on the west bank of Fenghe River in Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province). ("The Book of Songs is Elegant") "The city was built in Feng after cutting Feng." Later, it expanded its influence to the Yangtze River, the Han River and the Rushui River basin to the south, forming a situation of "two thirds in the world". This sentence in "The Analects of Confucius" shows that qi zhou has actually controlled more than half of the world, and the Shang Dynasty has been in an extremely isolated situation. Just as this great achievement was about to be completed, Ji Chang died unfortunately. Both Shangshu Wuyi and Lushi Chunqiu Zhile all say that he enjoyed the country for 50 years, and only became king after 43 years of founding the country. After his death, he was buried in Bi (referring to the north and south banks of the Weihe River between Chang 'an County and Xianyang in Shaanxi Province, with a wide territory). Zhou Wenwang is a famous saint in the history of China, praised and admired by later generations. There are hymns in the Book of Songs, which are elegant.
The ancients in China generally had the psychology of worshipping the ancients. It is a topic that the ancients talked about, imitating ancient sages and "three generations" monarchs. Zhou Wenwang is the perfect image in people's mind. Confucius called it "the English of three generations" and said with emotion: "I am as depressed as a week!" Mencius said that it took 500 years to produce a saint like King Wen. There are countless people who have taken the responsibility of returning gifts in the past dynasties. In fact, due to the long history and incomplete documents, people may not know much about Zhou Wenwang, and the etiquette of the ceremony may not be perfect. However, as people yearn for the king of Qingming and the Qingming system, its significance is still positive, so it is no exaggeration to say that Zhou Wenwang in the abstract sense has influenced the history of China for more than two thousand years.
In order to link morality with politics, later Confucian scholars regarded King Wen as a typical example of "inner sage and outer king", and the influence of King Wen was growing. Confucius especially admired King Wen, and he dreamed of restoring the ritual system of "being depressed for writing". But Wang Wen's remarks are little known now. It is said that Wang Wen is good at performing Zhouyi, and today's Zhouyi has the finishing power of Wang Wen. Perhaps from there, we can see some of Wang Wen's political ideas.