I remember that night, I checked the information until the early morning. Don't call your friends casually, but once you treat them as friends, your help should not be coping. Be practical. If you can help others, you will also help yourself. My friend suffered from depression, and I neglected it without knowing it. I have revised this article several times and translated the treatment plan and specific treatment methods of clinical depression on NHS website in detail. Friends who want to know can skip to the bold part behind.
It's late at night, and I'm still looking up literature on google scholar. I want to thank my physiotherapist and my friend, a depressed patient, for sharing with me.
Recently, depression has become a hot topic again. While talking about hot topics these days, I also shared with my classmates various diseases of modern people, such as depression, difficult choice and so on. Although I shouldn't consume other people's pain, my original intention is to let students know English and identify the simple symptoms of themselves and others around them by combining Chinese and English definitions. However, the actual teaching process is unexpected to me.
I asked the students, what would you do if the people around you got depression? I got the answer: "Tell him to be happy and communicate with relatives and friends more ...". Many people don't realize that it is the result, not the reason, that he is unhappy and unwilling to talk. He got depression not because he was unhappy and didn't take the initiative, but because depression made him unhappy and didn't take the initiative to talk. Many people who are happy, active and have normal communication with relatives and friends will also suffer from depression, so it is ignorant, lazy and irresponsible to skip the exploration of the reasons and try to rewrite the results with a little chicken soup.
Two days ago, I called a friend to chat because of my entanglement. Unexpectedly, she also suffered from depression in her early years, which was so serious that her body was extremely painful. Once this friend was in a bad mood, I just suggested that she read some books and subscribe to a reliable official WeChat account. Recently, I just finished reading a book by Li Songwei, which is an hour's journey, and mentioned the difference between depression and depression, as well as the symptoms, so we should diagnose it in time. I suggest that my friend seek help from a psychological counselor. At this point, I still don't know, what is consultation? What kind of people can consult and what kind of people can't? Is seeking medical help the same as asking for help?
Suggesting a friend to seek the help of a psychological counselor may be slightly better than the professional porridge shop "Good Life". But I believe that many people, like me, are aware of this step-seeking the help of psychological counselors, that's all. Until today, my knee physiotherapist and I talked smugly about my advice to my friends, and the doctor said, "You harm people! Not everyone in society can do those consultations. The base of our national mental health is in the Sixth Hospital (Peking University Sixth Hospital)! " I woke up suddenly.
I remember listening to a psychological counseling course ten years ago. The students were all uncles and aunts. At that time, I vaguely felt the values of teachers and students, hehe. Just this summer, a friend of mine, the proprietress of a cafe, went to a college to have a psychology class. It is said that some students are selling Rinpoche's activities. Here we go again, hehe.
Extremely excited about cognition, a little update: due to the lack of relevant knowledge and confusion of concepts, it is suggested that friends skip diagnosis and seek the help of psychological counselors directly, which is not only inappropriate, but even harmful. First of all, this is a kind of help-seeking mentality, which may point to anyone-with help-seeking mentality, you will talk to relatives and friends, you will want to find a consulting agency that keeps customers confidential, and maybe you will find anyone. The correct way to deal with depression is to seek medical treatment! Seeking a doctor is to find a doctor, which limits the accurate target. Secondly, psychological counseling is only one of the possible treatments for patients with moderate or above depression. What kind of people will ask for help? I guess, probably because of the pressure of social prejudice, they don't want to go to psychiatry and want to keep it a secret. Some people are eager to ask for help and get an antidote. For these people, the role of a counselor is the same as that of a soup cook or Rinpoche. If you want to know who is suitable for consultation, you can skip the translation in bold at the back. In addition, the fees charged by psychological counselors are reasonable, but the rules of large price difference are usually unknown (probably because people who ask for help will not talk about such experiences in a big way). Profit-seeking businessmen may do something we don't like. Please share with me if you have any information.
I also learned that someone around my friend advised her to relax, "Listen to music … depression is very common in America …" and so on. I don't know if this relief is responsible, but I know that no one can really put on your shoes. Li Songwei wrote in The Hour Beyond, "Everyone understands you and wants to help you ... but in fact, all the people you think are looking at you are not really looking at you. ... these words that are of great significance to you are nothing more than tools we (the author refers to Zhihu, including him) use to show ourselves or realize ourselves. " I don't know how some people show that they know the prevalence of depression in America and how they show themselves. As soon as I got home, I began to study the Sixth Hospital of Peking University, and then sent the doctors who could consult online to this friend.
Then I consulted the related guide and NHS website. There are different types of clinical depression, and the causes of depression also involve many aspects such as biology, psychology and social environment. None of these factors works alone. As we all know, physical trauma, pregnancy and childbirth, sudden illness and interpersonal trauma may all lead to depression. If these emotions are not handled properly, they will turn into depression.
I also saw on Google Scholar:
"Dopaminergic neurons have oxidative stress and are prone to oxidative damage under the action of environmental factors and genetic factors" [1]; "The clinical manifestations such as apathy and unresponsiveness that we have observed in patients with depression are usually considered to be related to the low level of dopamine" [2].
My understanding is that dopaminergic neurons will be damaged by their own factors, environmental factors and genetic factors, leading to the decrease of dopamine level, which is related to the clinical manifestations of depression.
Physiological factors can also lead to depression: "Pain can lead to anxiety, anxiety and depression, especially chronic pain. According to statistics, 30~45% patients with chronic pain suffer from severe depression [3] "[4]. My physiotherapist once reminded me to be alert to the anxiety caused by knee pain. Anxiety is one of the symptoms of depression.
Therefore, we should be vigilant at the beginning of the symptoms of depression, anxiety and sleep disorders. It's really important to be vigilant. In recent years, I have been frightened by the scattered news, the depression of friends around me, my own depression, people's lack of understanding of mental illness, talking about mental illness, cognitive laziness, and prejudice that patients are crazy. Mental health should not be discriminated against or even ignored. My British friend said that in most British people's cognition, mental illness and physical illness are the same-1,and they need medical treatment. 2, it can be treated.
Just as knee injury may cause anxiety and anxiety may aggravate knee injury, diseases do not exist alone. Depression is more complicated. Don't rush for success. You should enter the self-help mode first-you should start the self-help mode at any time. Going to see a doctor is to help yourself. How can a doctor help you if you don't see a doctor? Seek medical advice-diagnosis-receive professional and comprehensive treatment, and don't think about seeking quick, single and one-off treatment. This is just a sign of laziness and childishness.
Again, you must have a diagnosis before you can consider how to treat it next. This is also very important. After I appealed in a circle of friends, I learned that another friend went to see Chinese medicine at first, and the misdiagnosis became more and more serious, which delayed the treatment. After that, I went to Anding Hospital, where I was tested for severe depression, and then I received treatment and joined the impromptu drama. Now I am in good health. (It was also in October three years ago that I attended Shen Fei's impromptu drama workshop in BFA. At that time, there were not so many today's impromptu clubs. Impromptu drama has applications in many fields, such as performance, scriptwriting, therapy, company training and so on. I suggest you give it a try. )
The specific treatment of clinical depression depends on different national conditions. In Britain, you can go to the community general practitioner (GP) first. I translated the treatment of clinical depression on the NHS website in the UK and shared it with you.
1, mild depression
Wait and see: If you are diagnosed with mild depression, GP may take observation and wait, that is, your symptoms may relieve themselves, and GP will evaluate the improvement after two weeks.
Exercise: There is evidence that exercise can relieve depression, and exercise is also one of the main treatments for mild depression.
Self-help group: It is helpful to express your feelings. You can talk to friends or relatives, or ask GP to recommend a local support group. General practitioners may also recommend reading self-help books or consulting cognitive behavioral therapists online.
2. Mild to moderate depression
Talk therapy (Figure 2): If mild depression does not improve or is diagnosed as moderate depression, your family doctor may recommend talk therapy (a kind of psychotherapy). There are different types of talk therapy for depression, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy and psychological counseling. Finally, the article will translate the introduction of these therapies one by one.
3. Moderate to severe depression
Antidepressants: used to treat depressive symptoms. At present, there are nearly 30 different antidepressants used to fight moderate and severe depression, which must be prescribed by doctors.
Combination therapy: Your family doctor may recommend that you take a course of antidepressant plus talk therapy, especially when your depression is severe. The combination of antidepressants and CBT cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than using one of them alone.
Mental health team: If the depression is serious, it will be referred to a mental health treatment team composed of psychiatrists, psychologists, professional nurses and occupational therapists for joint treatment.
The above are different treatments for different degrees of depression.
Let's take another look. Why is it unreliable for people with depression to find someone to talk to? In addition to the examples mentioned above, you will become the object of others to show yourself, and you will be sent away by lazy people with a few words of comfort. After drinking chicken soup, you will get better for a while, but the symptoms will not be cured. Laughing and laughing in front of people, you know best when depression devours you behind your back. How to chat? Talk to who? The content of talk therapy on NHS website is roughly translated as follows:
Talk therapy (for moderate and severe depression) includes:
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): It helps you understand your thoughts and behaviors, and how your thoughts and behaviors affect you. CBT therapy can determine what happened in your past life to shape you, but it will mainly focus on helping you change the way you think, feel and behave now. Cognitive behavioral therapy can teach you how to overcome negative thoughts, such as fighting those moments when you feel desperate.
Interpersonal therapy (IPT): IPT therapy focuses on your relationship with others and problems in your interpersonal relationship, such as communication difficulties and bereavement. There is evidence that IPT is as effective as antidepressants or CBT, but more research is needed.
Psychodynamic psychotherapy: In psychodynamic psychotherapy, psychoanalysts will encourage you to express anything that passes through your mind, which will help you gradually understand which intentions and patterns are hidden in your thoughts and behaviors and may lead to depression.
Counseling: Counseling is a form of therapy (non-therapy), which helps you to think about the problems you are experiencing in your life and aims to find new ways to solve these problems. In the process of searching and exploring, the consultant will support you, but will not tell you how to do it. For those who are used to wanting answers, the consultant supports your own exploration, but won't tell you the answer. Counseling is suitable for basic health, but it needs help to deal with existing (sudden) crises, such as anger, interpersonal problems, bereavement, layoffs, infertility or the onset of serious diseases. In other words, psychological counseling is more suitable for those who are depressed due to unexpected events or uncertain factors. )
I seriously suggest that you, for yourself and for the people around you:
1, give yourself a hand, see a doctor like a cold, and make a diagnosis. Let the doctor help you judge whether it is depression or not, and then determine a professional and comprehensive treatment plan. Don't expect to ask for help or think that chatting can solve it, and don't consult a psychological counselor first.
2. If the self-service mode is turned on, don't turn it off. Just as seeking help and seeking medical treatment are different attitudes caused by different cognitive levels, staying in the state of seeking help for a long time will be counterproductive. People who are used to asking for help often don't even ask the right questions, and they don't get professional and comprehensive answers (which is very deep in teaching). If you save yourself in advance, you can lead yourself to the right person, which is a kind of self-help.
Prejudice is very powerful. Maybe you just can't accept seeing a psychiatrist yourself, and you just want to ask friends for help or secretly consult. You should also know that most of your friends are not professionals, and counseling is just a form of talk therapy.
4. Several nouns that everyone should know:
Psychological counselor/counselor
psychologist
Psychiatrist
Please correct me if some professionals find incomplete and inaccurate information. Kay looks forward to working with you to further update your knowledge.
Photo: Kay
References:
[1] Wang Guanghui, oxidative damage of dopaminergic neurons and Parkinson's disease [J] Biochemistry 2014,34 (2):193-199.
[2] Billinger, Eva, Arvid Longway and Anders Lund. "A review of the effects of modern antidepressants on neurocognitive function. Contemporary Psychological Review 5.3 (2009):164-174. Zhihu answers the Lord's quotations. The original question was, "Is taking antidepressants for a long time harmful to cognitive ability? "
[3] Arschule KN. Theisen-Goodvich ME, Haig AJ et al. Comparison of the relationship among depression, perceived disability and physical performance in patients with chronic pain. European Journal of Pain, 2008, 12: 757-764.
[4] Wen Jiexi, Xing Guogang, research progress on the relationship between chronic pain and depression [R] China Journal of Pain Medicine 20 12, 18, (7)436-440.
Attach a screenshot of NHS.