Peptide is a compound formed by connecting α -amino acids together by peptide chains, and it is also an intermediate product of protein hydrolysis. Generally speaking, the number of amino acids contained in peptides is between 2 and 9. According to the number of amino acids in peptides, peptides have many different names: the compound formed by dehydration and condensation of two amino acid molecules is called dipeptide, and so on, including tripeptide, tetrapeptide and pentapeptide. , all the way to nine peptides. Usually, the compound formed by dehydration and condensation of 10~ 100 amino acid molecule is called polypeptide. Their molecular weight is lower than10,000,000 000Da (Dalton, Dalton), and they can penetrate the semi-permeable membrane without being precipitated by trichloroacetic acid and ammonium sulfate. There are also documents that refer to peptides composed of 2~ 10 amino acids as oligopeptides (small molecular peptides); A peptide consisting of 10~50 amino acids is called a polypeptide; A peptide consisting of more than 50 amino acids is called protein. In other words, protein is sometimes called polypeptide. Polypeptide, abbreviated as peptide, was discovered in the 20th century. There are two kinds of peptides: bioactive peptides and synthetic peptides. Bioextracted peptides are very active, so they are called active peptides! Only active peptides can have a good effect on human body! However, many synthetic peptides are inactive and need to be screened. Only active peptides can be used safely by human body! What effect does peptide have on human body? Active peptides mainly control human growth, development, immune regulation and metabolism, and are in a state of balance. If the active peptides decrease, the function of human body will change obviously. For children, growth and development will become slow or even stop. After a long time, dwarfs will be formed. For adults or the elderly, without active peptides, immunity will decline, metabolism will be disordered, and endocrine disorders will lead to various diseases. Because active peptides also act on the nervous system, the human body will become dull and the brain will no longer be smart. More importantly, active peptides will decrease, which will directly lead to the gradual aging of various parts of the human body and cause various diseases. What are the secretion cycles of human active peptides? At different ages, the secretion of various active peptides is also very different. According to the amount of secretion, a person's life can be generally divided into: ① the period of adequate secretion (youth before the age of 25), during which the amount of endocrine is balanced and the immune function is vigorous, and the human body is generally not prone to diseases; ② Undersecretion period (unbalanced period) (prime and middle age of 30-50 years old). During this period, if the secretion of active peptides is insufficient or unbalanced, various related sub-health States and mild disease symptoms will appear (common in people over 40 years old); (3) Secretion deficiency period (severe deficiency period) (middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old). If the active peptide is seriously lacking and unbalanced, it may cause very prominent aging symptoms or cause various related diseases (especially for people over 50 years old); (4) The secretory termination period (aging period) is very short. Because the "commander-in-chief" active peptide that controls human endocrine is not secreted or secreted less, it leads to the decline of cell function, organ failure and loss, and finally leads to the end of life. Polypeptide Polypeptide is a long-chain compound with more than 10 peptide bonds (-CONH-) after condensation and dehydration of α-amino acid -NH2 and -COOH of multiple molecules. It includes a variety of compounds with certain physiological activities in human body, which can be extracted from animal tissues or synthesized artificially. Protein is a long-chain peptide formed by peptide bonds of various amino acids in a certain order, and it is a polymer compound formed by cross-linking of various secondary bonds. Protein has a complex four-level structure. Through different degrees of hydrolysis, products including peptides can be obtained: protein → proteoglycan → peptone → polypeptide → oligopeptide (2 ~ 10). This also illustrates the synthetic route of protein. Therefore, synthetic peptides can not only be used in biochemical pharmaceutical industry, but also be used to study and clarify the synthetic pathway and structure of protein. Many active substances in human body exist in the form of peptides. It is found that more than 70% of the dry weight of human body is protein, so there is no activity and no life without peptide. Peptides are involved in the growth and reproduction of hormones, nerves and cells. Their importance lies in regulating the physiological functions of various systems and cells in the body, activating related enzymes in the body, promoting the permeability of intermediate metabolic membranes, or controlling DNA transcription or influencing specific protein synthesis, and finally producing specific physiological effects. Peptide is an important substance involved in many cell functions of human body. Peptides can synthesize cells and regulate their functional activities. Peptides transmit information as neurotransmitters in human body. Peptide can be used as a transport tool in human body, which can transport various nutrients, vitamins, biotin, calcium and trace elements beneficial to human body to cells, organs and tissues. Peptide is an important physiological regulator of human body, which can comprehensively regulate human physiological functions, enhance and exert human physiological activities, and has important biological functions. Peptides are very important for human cell activities, functional activities and life existence. However, due to various factors, modern people are constantly losing peptides in their bodies, and their ability to synthesize peptides is greatly weakened. Therefore, modern people lack peptides and must supplement synthetic peptides. Supplementing peptide means supplementing activity, supplementing peptide means supplementing vitality, and supplementing peptide means supplementing life. (Excerpted from Enzymatic Peptides by Professor Zou Yuandong, an expert in enzymatic peptides) Editing the absorption mechanism of this polypeptide In the past, scientific research believed that protein was absorbed mainly in the form of amino acids after enzymatic hydrolysis in the digestive tract. Scientific research in recent two years shows that the main form of protein absorbed by human body is not amino acids, but peptides, which is a major breakthrough in the study of absorption mechanism in protein. Scientific experiments have proved that the absorption mechanism of peptides has ten characteristics: 1, which is absorbed directly without digestion. Usually, peptides are synthesized by human body, which are converted into amino acids by enzymolysis (enzymes, digestive enzymes, pancreatin, pepsin, gastric acid and alkaline substances in the digestive tract, then synthesized into peptides, finally absorbed by small intestine, and then circulated through cells, tissues, organs and blood of human body. However, there is a protective film on the surface of synthetic polypeptide, which will not be hydrolyzed by human enzymes, pepsin, pancreatin, amylase, digestive enzymes and acid-base substances. It directly enters the small intestine in a complete form, is absorbed by the small intestine, enters the human circulatory system, and exerts its biological function. 2. Fast absorption. Oral preparations are like injections. Polypeptide synthesized in vitro enters the human body orally at a rocket-like speed. Some scientists call it a biological missile, which quickly passes through the human mouth and stomach, directly enters the small intestine, is absorbed by the small intestine, and finally enters the human blood circulation system, organs and cell tissues, and rapidly exerts its physiological and biological functions. 3. Polypeptide will not be destroyed after being absorbed. The polypeptide itself has a protective film. After people take it, it will not be destroyed or hydrolyzed again by enzymes, pancreatin, amylase, digestive enzymes, pepsin and acid-base substances in the digestive system. Polypeptide is absorbed and utilized by human body in a complete form. 4. Polypeptide has the characteristic that 100 is absorbed by human body. There will be no excrement after absorption, and it will be completely absorbed and utilized by the human body. 5. Polypeptide has the characteristic of being actively absorbed by human body. For those who can't absorb nutrients due to defects, obstacles and injuries in the digestive system, peptides have the characteristics of actively letting the human body absorb or forcing the human body to absorb. This is of great significance to people with indigestion, nutritional deficiency and infirmity. 6. Polypeptide is preferentially absorbed by human body. In the absorption of nutrients that people usually eat, peptides have the characteristics of priority absorption in the competition with peptides. This is inseparable from its active absorption characteristics. 7. The absorption of peptides by human body has the characteristics of not consuming human energy and not increasing the burden of digestive tract, especially gastrointestinal function. Polypeptide itself has strong activity and energy, and both active absorption and forced absorption are its own activity and energy. So when it is absorbed by the human body, it is not that the human body consumes its own energy to absorb it, but that the polypeptide absorbs it with its own energy. From this point of view, this remarkable feature is of great significance to infants with immature digestive system, elderly people with degraded digestive system, athletes and manual workers who are in urgent need of nitrogen source because of excessive exercise, but can not increase the burden of gastrointestinal function. 8. Polypeptide plays the role of carrier in human body, which can adsorb, paste and load nutrients that ordinary people eat, especially trace elements beneficial to human body, such as calcium. 9. Polypeptide can be used as a means of transportation in human body. All kinds of nutrients that people usually eat can be adsorbed on the body, and then transported to various cells, organs and tissues of the human body, which are absorbed and utilized by the human body together with the body to play their different functions. This is the reason why people in the world use peptide raw material intermediates as medicines and food formulas at present, and its purpose is to strengthen the efficacy and improve the absorption rate. 10. Polypeptide can play the role of messenger in human body after being absorbed by human body. As a neurotransmitter, it transmits information, directs nerves, exerts its own functions, maintains the team spirit and overall effect of human nerves, and makes the human body more flexible, sensitive and intelligent. In short, the absorption mechanism of peptides is very different from other substances. The absorption mechanism of polypeptide is very special and unique, which can be said to be unique. The absorption mechanism of polypeptide is superior to all substances, so the discovery of its absorption mechanism is of great significance to human physiological health. Humans should use the absorption mechanism of peptides to improve human life and health to a new level, which is also the significance of the great discovery of peptide absorption mechanism.