What is the purple mud you often hear? Is it chemical mud? What is the difference between purple mud and all kinds of pure mud? Looking at the names of those mud materials, I am more and more confused and afraid to buy them. I don't want to buy a pot. I always want to know what mud my house is made of.
"Pinzi" is simply: a kind of mud composed of two or more kinds of mud. If it is raw ore mud, it will not contain chemicals. Purple mud is generally divided into four categories: purple mud, red mud, green mud and characteristic mud.
What is the difference between red mud and pure cinnabar?
The raw ore of the two is different: red mud is a common mud in "five-color soil", while the raw ore of pure cinnabar is stone yellow. The shrinkage of red mud is about 14%, while that of pure cinnabar is 30% ~ 33%. The kiln temperature of red mud is 1 100, while that of pure cinnabar is 1080. The color and texture of the two are different: red mud: bright red with a little orange, while pure cinnabar: cinnabar is slightly orange, warm and transparent with good texture and crisp sound. The molding process of the two is different: red clay: the molding process is easy, and both large and small pot shapes can be used, while pure cinnabar: the molding process is very difficult, and the yield of large pot shapes is difficult to guarantee. It is necessary to adjust sand to increase toughness and prevent cracking. The shape of the small pot is lovely and vivid.
It is said that an artist in Dingshan used newly mined clear water mud mixed with purple mud to clean the bottom trough. I don't know if there is such a thing. How can I tell the difference between two kinds of mud?
Clear cement is pure purple mud ore, which is a common mud material; Good people are few and expensive, and bad people are many and cheap. Mineral place: Huanglong Mountain, Dingshan, Yixing, Jiangsu. The original ore Huanglong Mountain has a super-grade bottom trough, and this material quantity is very small (No.4 well has collapsed and closed)! We have a special person to supervise this mud from the raw ore to the finished product, and strictly control the quality! The finished product is mild and elegant. The tea soup is fresh and melodious. After soaking for a long time, the mud color changes from brown to scarlet, and the water color is bright and harmonious!
What is "semi-manual"
Semi-handmade pots generally contain handmade ingredients. Simply put, the spout, handle and lid can be made by hand, and the barrel can be made by mold. It is also possible that the barrel is done by hand, and the others are made of molds.
What is "patina"? "What are the requirements of various teas for the capacity of the pot? Why?
"patina" is actually "luster", but it is not an ordinary luster, but a special luster, which refers to a layer of luster on the surface of an object. After years of support, the surface of most objects will form such a natural luster, so is the so-called "patina". It can also be said that the patina is slowly polished by the passage of time on the millstone of time, and the faint smooth surface is extremely fine, which is difficult to distinguish without careful observation. The patina is shiny, subtle and moist, subtle and unobtrusive, giving people a faint sense of intimacy. Like an ancient gentleman, he is modest and kind, and always feels the spring breeze when in contact, which is in line with a Confucian upbringing. If it is a brand-new object, the surface will not have "patina", but the most common luster. At first glance, sharp and sharp, just like a cultural businessman who is good at boasting and showing off in the world. He used a special word to describe it, called "thief light" and "monk light". Generally speaking, oolong tea requires less pot capacity (but it should also be combined with the number of people who taste tea). Green tea and the like generally require a large pot capacity.
Standards of teapot: mud, shape, workmanship, style and workmanship.
(1) "Mud": Zisha teapot is famous for its superiority in making raw material Zisha mud. According to the analysis of modern science, the structure of purple sand is really different from other mud, that is, the same purple sand mud, and its structure is not the same, with slight differences. In this way, due to the different raw materials, the functional utility and sensory experience are different. (2) Shape: The shape of the teapot is the richest in all kinds of utensils in the world, and it is known as "the square is different and the circle is different". Speaking of form, people often compare it with the school of teapot art, and think that the school of teapot can be divided into "soft bag", "fancy goods" and "light goods", but this is extremely rare. & gt
Question 2: How to distinguish the authenticity of teapot There are a lot of teapot forests in the market, which are dazzling and at a loss. Write some personal methods when choosing teapot for your reference. Remember, the feeling of a teapot is cultivated, and it is often more confusing than an eye-catching pot.
1, don't look at the bright color of the pot! The basic, colorful and bright colors in nature are all warning colors.
2, don't look at your hands without weight! Real teapot weight. (False materials, of course, some thin tire pots are lighter, but I generally prefer manslaughter! The main reason is that the thin tire pot should be used very carefully and easily damaged)
Don't look at that strange green pot! (Green, verdigris and very red are all chemicals. )
4. Be careful of the water color on the surface of the pot! If it is a pot that has not been soaked, the water color is very beautiful. Try not to use this pot!
In one case, the mud is fine mud. The surface of the pot is a thick layer of mud, and the particles in the pot are wrapped in a layer of mud on the surface, and even no particles can be seen at all. This kind of "clay pot" is unnecessary, because the air permeability is greatly reduced and the taste of purple sand is lost. The teapot should pay attention to the sense of "sand".
In the second case, the mud contains chemical substances, and "Mang powder" is added during mud refining to make the water color of the pot beautiful and uniform.
5, look at the pot raw ore particles to be clear. Some pots containing chemicals are covered with particles, and the particles can't be seen clearly (it takes a magnifying glass of 20-30 times to see clearly).
6. The raw ore pot has impurities, and there are many impurities. These impurities are not just iron. These impurities usually appear in the form of black particles and are unevenly distributed on the surface of the pot, so many real raw ore pots are ugly after coming out of the kiln, and pots that look too clean and uniform need to be careful.
7. The teapot must be grainy, and the raw ore pot particles are relatively clear and clean. The distribution of raw ore particles seems to be uneven, and hunger is more natural, which is different from sand adjustment. Generally, sand particles "float" on the pot surface, or penetrate inside and outside, but the characteristics of the particles are relatively uniform distribution, which makes people feel manipulated. The raw ore particles are more "harmonious" in the mud, and the sand particles are more "stiff".
8. Knock on the pot and listen to the sound. The sound of the teapot should be that kind of "stuffy" clay pot sound. Knock porcelain without touching the pot. Listening to the sound is to identify the firing temperature of the pot. The sound of "Tintin" is the sound of the porcelain of the pot, usually a slurry pot or a fake pot (chemical material).
9. Permeability is not a sufficient condition for testing raw ore teapots, and some chemical pots are also breathable.
Question 3: How to distinguish between true and false purple sand and how to distinguish between true and false purple sand pots?
One is to look. Look at the surface first. Because it is clay, it is not glazed, so the surface of the new teapot can't be bright, but rough. In order to sell well, fake pottery pots are generally waxed and polished. Secondly, purple mud contains trace elements such as timely and mica, which will form crystals when fired at high temperature, so many subtle silver highlights can be seen in the whole pot body under the light. Third, the color of the real teapot is similar inside and outside, and there is not much difference.
The second is to try with boiling water. Pour the freshly boiled water into the pot, pour it along the pot body, and cover the pot. You will see that the water is not flowing downwards, but is slowly sucked dry; Wet the lid slowly, and then suck it dry slowly. This shows that the teapot has double holes and good air permeability. The third is to leave the brewed tea in the teapot, and the tea will not turn sour for two or three days.
In addition, it is unscientific to distinguish the sound when knocking on the pot body with the lid. Because of different shapes and materials, the sound will be different. Moreover, adding glass water to fake mud can also knock out sounds similar to real mud. Tapping and listening to sounds have a greater role in identifying whether there are hidden cracks in the pot body.
There are many kinds of teapots, including pottery, porcelain, gold, iron, bronze and tin? Here only focuses on Yixing teapot. Among the numerous teapot, how to choose a good teapot is not only a difficult problem for the novice teapot, but also a serious topic for the veteran teapot who has been wandering for many years. Zisha teapot is not only a functional and practical product, but also a work of art that can be played and appreciated. Therefore, a good teapot should be highly affirmed from three aspects: practicality, craftsmanship and appreciation. Ceramic lovers may wish to consider these three key points when purchasing teapot. 1. Actual
There is no doubt that the teapot's vocation is to make tea. In other words, the basic principle of "practicality" cannot be violated when choosing a teapot. Therefore, when purchasing, you may wish to consider the actual function first. Excellent practical function refers to the appropriate volume and capacity, convenient handle, smooth water outlet from the spout, and convenient tea tasting and making. Therefore, the purchase of teapot should be based on personal tea drinking habits, considering the capacity of teapot, the smoothness of spout, the comfort of handle and so on. A practical intimate pot should at least have the following points:
1). The capacity should be suitable for your own use. Teapots have many different capacities. The largest can hold several liters of water, and the smallest can only hold one cup. Similarly, some people have a wide range of friends. They make three pounds of tea a week every day at the wedding. At this time, if you choose a small pot of Zhu mud to make tea, it will be enough for him to sweat. On the other hand, if three or two friends have a good time drinking tea, choose a big man's square pot with water rising recently. Isn't that forcing everyone to have a good drink? If so, there is no guarantee that in three months, your friends will change from three to two, and two will become orphans. Finally, there will only be "until, raise my cup, I ask the moon to bring my shadow to me, so that we can become three people"!
2) The flap design is reasonable, and the tea leaves are convenient to enter and exit. Bird Dragon Tea, which people in China like to drink, is in a dry and compact state before brewing, so it is not too difficult to put it in a pot with Chaze. But after several rounds of hot water brewing, the leaves stretch and expand one by one, which will fill the whole pot tightly (especially when there is too much tea). At this time, if the spout is too small or the design is wrong, it will take some time to take out the tea residue. If you neglect maintenance for a period of time and don't clean it, it is easy to form tea scale on the inner wall of the pot, or even mildew, which is harmful to your health.
3). The center of gravity should be stable and the end treatment should be smooth. Some teapots are very heavy when they are held, either the handle is not properly designed and ergonomic, or the teapot wall is too thick (too much soil is used). Beginners buying a pot might as well fill it with three quarters of water, lift it with one hand and copy the posture of pouring water. This move is a test of whether its sense of quantity is too heavy. Secondly, you can feel whether the position between your fingers and the kettle handle is comfortable. It is very important to hold it conveniently, otherwise it will not only make you very tired, but also make you more prone to the tragedy of accidentally dropping the pot. Don't be careless Moreover, it is really rude to try your best to show the blue veins on your hands and grin on your face, and guests will not be willing to pick them up.
4). The water flow should be smooth and the water should be cut off quickly. This point is not easy for most teapot to take into account. A good pot produces strong water, smooth arc and round water beam without distortion. Stop pouring water when water is cut off, which is concise and neat, without drooling, and there is no residual water in the pot after pouring water.
Yixing teapot has long been regarded as an ideal tea set. Teapot ... >>
Question 4: How to identify the authenticity of teapot money and how to identify the maker of teapot from the money-your idea is very special! But from the current situation, it is very difficult. First, the teapot is a traditional manual craft. From the day it came into being, it was decided that there would not be too many creations, such as Manson's eighteen styles and thirty-six styles. Authors often only develop in it, have their own changes, but never leave. Second, there are all kinds of pots at present, and there are many authors! For example, there are tens of thousands of authors making traditional stone pots and pans. You can't tell the maker of the teapot from its model, and some of them are even imitation seals, so there is no way to tell. There is only one possibility, that is, to practice a pair of critical eyes, to be very familiar with the master's situation, craft, clay sculpture and characteristics, and to be able to see at a glance that it is a master's work. For example, Jiang Rong's frog lotus leaf pot, Wang Yinxian-flowerpot, Lv Yaochen's pottery pot, He Daohong's pot and so on. You can tell at a glance which one is really a master!
Question 5: How to tell the difference between a teapot and a teapot? Basic conditions for judging the quality of teapot.
1, smoothness and compactness of the cover.
When you get the teapot, gently open the lid. If there is no jam in the process of flipping the lid, it means that the first level is over.
Due to the characteristics of purple sand, there will be some gaps between the covers, but these must be within the normal range. When we say petal density, it is based on whether the tea overflows when pouring water. It is normal to spill a little water. If a large number of tea leaves overflow from the flap with the action of pouring water, it is seriously irregular.
2. The degree of smoothness and moisture content of water.
Because of the different pot types, the roundness of the effluent may be different, but the fluency will not change because of the pot type. Breaking water will not be decisive because of the different pot types, but it is acceptable that after breaking water, a small amount of water may rush out of the spout along the impulse. Of course, it's best not to drop.
3. Ventilation of the pot
Blow into the spout with your mouth, and then put your finger on the hole. If there is breath coming out of the hole, it means that the pot has good ventilation. Ventilation, smooth water outlet and decisive water cut-off are interlinked. If you get the pot at the scene, simply blow into the pot mouth.
4. Identification of purple clay
There are four diagnostic methods in traditional Chinese medicine: hope, smell, question and pulse, which can be used to identify purple sand mud.
1) Hope: Although the real purple sand mud is colorful, it is not bright, but has a dark light, which is not bright. We can "hope" whether the color of purple sand mud is too bright and shiny.
2) Smell: Generally, new pots are only earthy and have no other flavor. A slightly soaked teapot will have a faint scent of tea.
3) Listen: Generally, the teapot covers are slightly crossed on the spout. If it is a real teapot, the sound should be as loud and clear as jade.
4) Cut: Touch the teapot with your hands. It may be a little dry just out of the kiln. This is normal, and it will become moist after being raised. What we call "cutting" is actually combined with "seeing". The surface of a real teapot looks rough, but it feels smooth.
By combining the four methods, we can tell whether it is authentic purple sand mud, mixed with chemical mud or made-up mud.
4. Potters
1) The proportion of the pot body is harmonious. The teapot pays great attention to the harmonious proportion of each part, and only on the basis of harmonious proportion can it achieve 1, 2, 3. First of all, look at whether the spout, kettle and handle are three points and one line. Secondly, look up at the front of the teapot, whether the angle between the spout and the handle is similar, and whether the pot body is round or square.
2) Identify the quality of light goods. Light goods are the easiest to distinguish between good and bad, because light goods are completely uncovered and can be seen with a slight flaw.
The polished products of round utensils pay attention to "roundness, stability, uniformity and straightness" and require "softness in the middle and rigidity in the middle". The round beads should be changed, the size and straightness of the pot body and accessories should be symmetrical, the proportion should be appropriate, and the overall shape should be crisp.
The square is light in weight, paying attention to the "circle in the square", requiring the pot body to be straight and clear in outline.
3) Distinguish the quality of flowers. Flower products should show the most beautiful part of natural form, which conforms to the principles of reasonable function, beautiful vision and practicality. In other words, whether animals and plants are represented by pictographs or images, they must have aesthetic feeling and be in harmony with the pot body, and the practical value of the pot cannot be affected.
4) Distinguish the quality of the rib device. A successful and excellent ribbed teapot, its ribs should be free and deep with the change of modeling shape, the lines of ribs should be clear, the lid seam should be accurate, and the direction of the lid should change to the buckle at will, which is very smooth and consistent.
5. The essence, breath and rhyme of the teapot
A truly excellent teapot not only has specific advantages in practical function and beauty, but also can exert its spiritual charm. Although some pots have artistic beauty, they can only be thin and beautiful without charm, so they can't be called excellent teapot in the true sense.
As can be seen from the above five points, a good teapot is composed of clay and handmade essence. If you are a fool, here are some simple ways and means to identify a good teapot, hoping to help pot friends choose a worthwhile teapot. ......& gt& gt
Question 6: How to distinguish the authenticity of clay in a teapot? (1) Purple sand is a kind of porous material with double pore structure, with fine pores and high density. Using a teapot to make tea without losing its original flavor and lingering fragrance is the real fragrance and delicious tea. The Chronicle of History says it "neither captures the fragrance nor smells like boiled soup".
(2) The teapot has good air permeability, and the tea leaves are not easy to deteriorate during use and will not deteriorate in summer. If you don't use it for a long time, it won't smell. Just store the boiling water first, pour it out immediately, and then soak it in cold water to wash it, and your vitality will be restored, and the tea will still taste the same.
(3) The teapot can absorb tea juice, and the inner wall of the teapot is not painted, so there is no peculiar smell when making tea. After long-term use, the wall of teapot accumulates "tea rust", which makes the empty teapot full of boiling water, which is related to the porosity of teapot embryo, which is the unique quality of teapot.
(4) The teapot has good cold and hot mutation performance. In cold winter, boiling water is injected into the teapot, which will never burst because of sudden temperature change. At the same time, the heat transfer of sand is slow, so it won't be hot after making tea. And it can be cooked and heated on slow fire without being cracked by fire.
(5) The longer the purple sand is used, the brighter the color of the pot body will be and the charm will be Wen Ya. If the teapot is used for a long time, the pot body will become smoother and more lovely because of touching and wiping, so Long Wen said in the Book of Tea: "Love is like palm beads. After using it for a long time, it looks like purple jade outside and Yun Lan inside. " "Cultivating Immortals and Ming Pot System" says: "When the pot is used for a long time, you can see spontaneous dark light when you wash your mouth." .
Question 7: How to tell the true and false purple sand "mud in the mud" is only produced in Yixing. It is an indisputable fact that purple sand pottery is a unique clay resource in Yixing. Although there are clay similar to purple sand in other provinces, its taste can not meet the requirements of artistic production of purple sand pottery, and it is difficult to be recognized by people. There are three kinds of purple mud: purple mud, red mud and Benshan green mud, all of which are produced at the foot of Fiona Fang, Huanglong Mountain, Dingshu Town, Yixing City, and the resources are very scarce. Purple sand mud is called "mud in mud", and hard clay mud in Yixing clay is a kind of clay with large output in Yixing ceramic producing area. 3%-5% purple clay is sandwiched between mud layers in the sludge mined under Huanglong Mountain. After the clay is mined, the purple sand mud needs artificial mineral processing, so the price is dozens of times that of ordinary clay, which is really a special gift from God to Yixing. "Purple Jade Sands", like Zhuyu purple clay, has high iron content, especially strong plasticity after being processed into mud, small deformation after being made and fired, and high water absorption. Its biggest characteristics are: good air permeability, using teapot to make tea, its soup color is bright, tea fragrance is rich, taste is pure, and tea leaves are not easy to deteriorate in summer (this effect must use authentic Yixing purple clay, otherwise it must use inferior clay). Purple sand is delicate and flexible, with purple jade outside and jasper inside. After a long period of use, it gives off the luster like pearl jade, and the feeling of being moist like jade is the charm of purple sand. "Purple Jade Sands" is the best evaluation of the unique material of purple sand. A good teapot is not only round and smooth, but also has the texture effect of orange peel on the surface. It looks like Qian Shan, full of stars and clouds, and feels like a child's tender skin. The longer the time, the darker the color. After making tea for a long time, the aftertaste of the teapot will gradually penetrate into the pot, and the pot will emit a faint tea fragrance and aftertaste. Therefore, in the process of use, it is not necessary to wash the pot excessively, but to rinse it with clear water. Pure teapot knocks on the pot, with the sound of jade, not as crisp as porcelain. There is a saying among people who like teapot that you like it and it gives you love, because the color of teapot will change gradually with time, like pearls and jadeite. Pots made of fake purple sand mud are generally too bright in color and will not gradually darken over time. (Director of Yixing Zisha Craft Factory in Li Zhiping, a famous ceramist)
Question 8: There are many teapots on the Internet. How to tell the authenticity of a teapot? The purple sand on the market is dazzling and at a loss. The feeling of the teapot is cultivated, and the more eye-catching the teapot, the more chaotic it is. Generally, teapot is made by hand, but it is divided into semi-manual and full-manual. The semi-manual teapot body is supported by the model and then made. All-handmade means that the teapot is made by the author himself, without relying on any model. But if you drink tea by yourself and use it yourself, you generally don't have to pursue semi-manual and full manual. And semi-manual has an absolute advantage in price.
Step 1: Practical skills to identify genuine and fake teapots;
Tip 1: bright or weird colors.
Although the color of the pot is particularly bright and bright! Such pots are basically made of chemical materials, and all the colors in nature are warning colors.
Tip 2: No weight (except thin tires)
Fake material, thin tire pot is light and easy to be damaged. Although it has no weight in its hand! Real teapot weight.
Tip 3: The color of the water in the pot is good.
The surface of the pot is a thick layer of mud, and the particles in the pot are wrapped in a layer of mud on the surface, and even no particles can be seen at all. This kind of "clay pot" is unnecessary, because the air permeability is greatly reduced and the taste of purple sand is lost. The teapot should pay attention to the sense of "sand". In the second case, the mud contains chemical substances, and "Mang powder" is added during mud refining to make the water color of the pot beautiful and uniform. Working requirements of teapot:
1, installation technology in appearance, from the side of the pot, the top of the spout, spout and handle should be flush; Seen from above, the spout and the handle should be in the same straight line, not skewed, and live in the middle of the pot body. The end faces of the mouth and cover should be smooth and free from ups and downs, and the fit should be close, without traces of sandpaper or file polishing.
2. The whole pot body can't have cracks and peeling. If there is, it is defective, and the price should be at least one third lower. Pay special attention to the place where the spout, handle and dripping water are embedded with the pot body and lid. In addition, the bottom of the pot, the edge of the spout, the edge of the lid and the decorations of the flower goods are also inlaid, and there can be no cracks. There are many cracks in the pot, so be careful. Mouth, mouth, cover and other end faces may peel and be easy to hit.
3. Hand-crafted seams should be smooth and natural, and there are no traces of manual repair. The lines should be straight and clear, not sloppily, the images of flowers and objects should be realistic and textured as far as possible, and the traces of tool decoration should be as few as possible. It should be noted here that in order to cooperate well, there can be no traces of sandpaper and file polishing.
Question 9: How to tell the authenticity of a teapot? Imitate the six-step identification method of handmade teapot. At first glance, the texture of the real teapot is fresh and round, and the visual effect is sub-smooth, with many evenly distributed metal-like particles (purple sand particles). The inner wall of some handmade pots has radial lines from the center to the periphery, which belongs to the processing process. The teapot imitated with ordinary clay has a dull color and almost no luster, and there are no radial lines on the inner wall (this is called "pushing the wall and scraping the bottom" process). Authentic teapots not only have a bottom, but also a lid and a handle. Second, the real teapot feels delicate but not slippery, and the fake teapot feels rough or slippery; For example, ordinary clay feels rough, and porcelain feels slippery at first. If you press the friction slightly hard, you will feel astringent. This is due to the different manifestations of molecular structure. Three turns, turn the lid, the lid of the real teapot turns flexibly and smoothly, and makes a slight "silk" or "rustling" sound, while the fake teapot made of clay makes a dull "crack" sound. Porcelain feels rough when it rotates. These differences are all due to the same reasons as the molecular physical structure mentioned in the second article. Listen, knock on the jar with the lid. Although some people disapprove, it is very effective. The knocking sound of the real teapot is crisp and pleasant, and the sound is short, and the sound stops immediately after knocking; The fake teapot with ordinary clay has a dull, rich and short knocking sound; The sound of porcelain knocking is clearer than purple sand, a bit like the sound of metal impact, which is difficult for ordinary people to distinguish. But a very obvious difference is that the wavelength of sound waves in porcelain is obvious. After the tapping, the sound still lasts for several milliseconds, and the real purple sand stops immediately. Five certificates. Generally, genuine teapot has a certificate written by the manufacturer. Certificates are usually written on rice paper, with a brush, and calligraphy is very beautiful. This is because calligraphy is a compulsory course for a good craftsman, and the value-added of a good teapot is more reflected in the skills of calligraphy and painting, which is stamped. The signature of the seal is the same as that on the bottom of the teapot. Sixth, test the water. Water poured on a real teapot won't form obvious drops. Water is a relatively uniform piece, and then it will be gradually absorbed by purple sand. This is related to the porous physical structure of purple sand, with 2% water absorption. However, when water is poured on the fake purple sand and porcelain of clay, the obviously protruding water drops will remain until it is finally air-dried.